Browsing Institutt for psykologi by Title

Now showing items 474-493 of 817

    • A multi-lab test of the facial feedback hypothesis by the Many Smiles Collaboration 

      Coles, Nicholas A.; March, David S.; Marmolejo-Ramos, Fernando; Larsen, Jeff T.; Arinze, Nwadiogo C.; Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G.; Willis, Megan L.; Foroni, Francesco; Reggev, Niv; Mokady, Aviv; Forscher, Patrick S.; Hunter, John F.; Kaminski, Gwenaël; Yüvrük, Elif; Kapucu, Aycan; Nagy, Tamás; Hajdu, Nandor; Tejada, Julian; Freitag, Raquel M. K.; Zambrano, Danilo; Som, Bidisha; Aczel, Balazs; Barzykowski, Krystian; Adamus, Sylwia; Filip, Katarzyna; Yamada, Yuki; Ikeda, Ayumi; Eaves, Daniel L.; Levitan, Carmel A.; Leiweke, Sydney; Parzuchowski, Michal; Butcher, Natalie; Pfuhl, Gerit; Basnight-Brown, Dana M.; Hinojosa, José A.; Montoro, Pedro R.; Javela D, Lady G.; Vezirian, Kevin; IJzerman, Hans; Trujillo, Natalia; Pressman, Sarah D.; Gygax, Pascal M.; Özdoğru, Asil A.; Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana; Ellsworth, Phoebe C.; Gaertner, Lowell; Strack, Fritz; Marozzi, Marco; Liuzza, Marco Tullio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-20)
      Following theories of emotional embodiment, the facial feedback hypothesis suggests that individuals’ subjective experiences of emotion are influenced by their facial expressions. However, evidence for this hypothesis has been mixed. We thus formed a global adversarial collaboration and carried out a preregistered, multicentre study designed to specify and test the conditions that should most reliably ...

    • A Multilab Study of Bilingual Infants: Exploring the Preference for Infant-Directed Speech 

      Byers-Heinlein, Krista; Tsui, Angeline Sin Mei; Bergmann, Christina; Black, Alexis K.; Brown, Anna; Carbajal, Maria Julia; Durrant, Samantha; Fennell, Christopher T.; Fiévet, Anne-Caroline; Frank, Michael C.; Gampe, Anja; Gervain, Judit; Gonzalez-Gomez, Nayeli; Hamlin, Kiley; Havron, Naomi; Hernik, Mikołaj; Kerr, Shila; Killam, Hilary; Klassen, Kelsey; Kosie, Jessica E.; Kovács, Ágnes Melinda; Lew-Willams, Casey; Liu, Liquan; Mani, Nivedita; Marino, Caterina; Mastroberardino, Meghan; Mateu, Victoria; Noble, Claire; Orena, Adriel John; Polka, Linda; Potter, Christine E.; Schreiner, Melanie S.; Singh, Leher; Soderstrom, Melanie; Sundara, Megha; Waddell, Connor; Werker, Janet F.; Wermelinger, Stephanie (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-12)
      From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) compared with adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multisite study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic ...

    • Munchausen Syndrom By Proxy: Helsepersonells reaksjoner 

      Rui, Embla Susann Degn (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-12-15)
      Bakgrunn: Munchausen syndrom by proxy beskriver en lidelse der en forelder utsetter barnet sitt for flere unødvendige, skadelige og potensielt dødelige medisinske prosedyrer ved å falsifisere, produsere eller lyve om medisinske symptomer. Helsepersonell blir ufrivillig og ubevisst bidragsytere til mishandlingen i form av unødvendige utredninger og behandlinger. Formål: Hensikten med studien er å ...

    • Naïve chicks do not prefer objects with stable body orientation, though they may prefer behavioural variability 

      Rosa-Salva, Orsola; Hernik, Mikołaj; Fabbroni, Martina; Lorenzi, Elena; Vallortigara, Giorgio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-18)
      Domestic chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) have been widely used as a model to study the motion cues that allow visually naïve organisms to detect animate agents shortly after hatching/birth. Our previous work has shown that chicks prefer to approach agents whose main body axis and motion direction are aligned (a feature typical of creatures whose motion is constrained by a bilaterally symmetric ...

    • Napping alone in the snow and cuddling with mommy at night: An exploratory, qualitative study of Norwegian beliefs on infant sleep 

      Abels, Monika; Bosy, Caroline; Fredriksen, Ingrid-Camilla Myhre (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-23)
      This study addresses Norwegian infants’ sleeping places during the day and night. In the first part we asked the general public to indicate where they think infants should sleep by placing stickers on a depiction of different sleeping places. This revealed that infants were expected to predominantly sleep outside in a stroller during the day and either bedshare, room share or sleep independently ...

    • Når massemedia slår DSM-V: Lekfolks beslutninger omkring kliniske lidelser 

      Fredriksen, Trine; Gurandsrud, Elise (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-04-25)
      Formålet med denne oppgaven var å undersøke hvordan lekfolk tar beslutninger omkring hva som oppfattes som sykt og friskt. Undersøkelsen er basert på forskning av Vandereycken (2011), som undersøkte hvordan fagfolk gjorde vurderinger vedrørende fire foreslåtte lidelser i DSM-V innen spiseforstyrrelsesfeltet; ortoreksi, emetofobi, muskeldysmorfi og nattspisesyndrom. I denne undersøkelsen ønsker vi å ...

    • Neural cell adhesion molecule Negr1 deficiency in mouse results in structural brain endophenotypes and behavioral deviations related to psychiatric disorders 

      Singh, Katyayani; Jayaram, Mohan; Kaare, Maria; Leidmaa, Este; Jagomäe, Toomas; Heinla, Indrek; Hickey, Miriam A.; Kaasik, Allen; Schäfer, Michael K.; Innos, Jürgen; Lilleväli, Kersti; Philips, Mari-Anne; Vasar, Eero (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-01)
      Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) belongs to the immunoglobulin (IgLON) superfamily of cell adhesion molecules involved in cortical layering. Recent functional and genomic studies implicate the role of NEGR1 in a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, schizophrenia and autism. Here, we investigated the impact of <i>Negr1</i> deficiency on brain morphology, neuronal ...

    • A Neural Model of Mind Wandering 

      Mittner, Matthias; Hawkins, Guy E.; Boekel, Wouter; Forstmann, Birte U. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-25)
      The role of the default-mode network (DMN) in the emergence of mind wandering and task-unrelated thought has been studied extensively. In parallel work, mind wandering has been associated with neuromodulation via the locus coeruleus (LC) norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. Here we propose a neural model that links the two systems in an integrative framework. The model attempts to explain how dynamic ...

    • Neuroendocrinology of sexual behavior 

      Ågmo, Anders j (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-08)
      One of the consequences of sexual behavior is reproduction. Thus, this behavior is essential for the survival of the species. However, the individual engaged in sexual behavior is rarely aware of its reproductive consequences. In fact, the human is probably the only species in which sexual acts may be performed with the explicit purpose of reproduction. Most human sexual activities as well as sex ...

    • Nevropsykologen - mer enn en utreder: En kvalitativ evaluering av spesialisering i nevropsykologi 

      Nilssen, Helle Skåle; Winther, Ida (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-05-02)
      Det er ikke tidligere gjort noen systematisk evaluering av spesialistutdannelsene i psykologi i Norge. Hensikten med denne undersøkelsen var å se hva ferdige nevropsykologer tenker om den spesialiseringen de har gjennomgått. Utvalget besto av 17 nevropsykologer som ble godkjente spesialister i perioden 2008-2013 etter å ha gått gjennom spesialistordningen fra 2005, hvor de fulgte et fast kull. ...

    • Nevropsykologisk funksjon og brukeropplevelse av nevropsykologisk utredning hos pasienter på rusinstitusjonen Færingen (UNN) 

      Haagensen, Leif Ole; Sørli, Gry Lassesen (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-02)
      Denne studien evaluerer nevropsykologisk utredning av henviste pasienter i alderen 19-36 år (M = 26.23, SD = 3.69, N = 26) med hovedsakelig avhengighet til stimulanter (amfetamin, metamfetamin, kokain) fra rusinstitusjonen Færingen ved Universitetssykehuset i Nord-Norge (UNN). Man har også gjort en brukerundersøkelse av pasientenes opplevelse av utredningen i etterkant. I resultater fra nevropsykologisk ...

    • Nevropsykologisk undersøkelse av pasienter med rusavhengighet i døgnbehandling 

      Gulbrandsen, Mariken Knudsen; Mikkelborg, Line (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05)
      Studien evaluerer et tilbud om en begrenset nevropsykologisk undersøkelse hos pasienter innlagt ved en døgninstitusjon for rusbehandling. Man ønsket å undersøke om denne pasientgruppen har vansker i kognitiv fungering, og innenfor hvilke kognitive domener pasientene har kliniske utfall. Videre ønsket man å vurdere hvor ofte en slik undersøkelse ender opp med vurderinger om utfall av klinisk betydning ...

    • Nevropsykologisk undersøkelse av urfolkspopulasjoner: En systematisk litteraturgjennomgang 

      Eira, Risten Biret Elle (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-02-15)
      Kultur er en kjent faktor som har innvirkning på nevropsykologisk prestasjon. Det er stor mangel på nevropsykologiske tester og normer som er justert for de ulike urfolkspopulasjonene i verden. Ved bruk av ikke-justerte nevropsykologiske instrumenter, og normreferanser fra majoritetsbefolkningen, kan det føre til kliniske feilvurderinger ved undersøkelse av urfolk. Denne systematiske ...

    • Nevrotisisme og Ansiktspersepsjon: En Kvantitativ Studie av Sammenhengen mellom Persepsjon av Ansiktsuttrykk og Grad av Nevrotisisme 

      Nordling, Thyra Sæther; Skaue, Carmen Wilsgård (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-02)
      The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between facial emotion perception (bias and sensitivity) and degree of neuroticism. A limited amount of studies have been conducted in this area. Neuroticism is a possible risk factor for developing certain mental disorders (i.e. anxiety and depression). Studies conducted on clinical samples often report negative biases in the identification ...

    • A new instrument to describe indicators of well-being in old-old patients with severe dementia. The Vienna List 

      Porzsolt, Franz; Eisemann, Martin; Kojer, Marina; Schmidl, Martina; Greimel, Elfriede R.; Sigle, Jörg; Richter, Joerg (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2004-02-19)
      Background: In patients with very severe dementia self-rating of quality of life usually is not possible and appropriate instruments for proxy-ratings are not available. The aim of this project is to develop an instrument of clinical proxy-ratings for this population. Methods: Using electronic instruments, physicians and nurses recorded patient behaviour and changes of behaviour over a ...

    • Newborn Behavioral Observation, maternal stress, depressive symptoms and the mother-infant relationship: results from the Northern Babies Longitudinal Study (NorBaby) 

      Høifødt, Ragnhild Sørensen; Nordahl, Dag; Landsem, Inger Pauline; Csifcsak, Gabor; Bohne, Agnes; Pfuhl, Gerit; Rognmo, Kamilla; Braarud, Hanne Cecilie; Goksøyr, Arnold Mikal; Moe, Vibeke; Slinning, Kari; Wang, Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-15)
      <i>Background</i> - Families can experience the postpartum period as overwhelming and many report a special need for support. The Newborn Behavioral Observation (NBO) aims to promote a positive parent-infant relationship by sensitising parents to the infant’s signals. This article evaluates the NBO as a universal preventive intervention within the regular well-baby clinic service on measures of ...

    • No effect of 2mA anodal tDCS over the M1 on performance and practice effect on Grooved Pegboard Test and Trail Making Test B 

      Fagerlund, Asbjørn Johansen; Freili, Janita; Danielsen, Therese; Aslaksen, Per M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-19)
      Previous studies suggest that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can facilitate motor performance and learning. In this double-blind experiment, 60 healthy human subjects (29 females) were randomized into three groups (active tDCS, sham tDCS, and no-treatment control group) in order to investigate the effect of a 20 min session of 2 mA tDCS over the motor cortex contralateral to the ...

    • No evidence that portion size influences food consumption in male Sprague Dawley rats 

      Naneix, Fabien; Pinder, Sophie C.; Summers, Megan Y.; Rouleau, Renee M.; Robinson, Eric; Myers, Kevin P.; McCutcheon, James E. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-18)
      In studies of eating behavior that have been conducted in humans, the tendency to consume more when given larger portions of food, known as the portion size effect (PSE), is one of the most robust and widely replicated findings. Despite this, the mechanisms that underpin it are still unknown. In particular, it is unclear whether the PSE arises from higher-order social and cognitive processes that ...

    • No impact of early intervention on late outcome after minimal, mild and moderate head injury 

      Heskestad, Ben; Waterloo, Knut; Romner, Bertil; Baardsen, Roald; Helseth, Eirik; Ingebrigtsen, Tor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010)

    • Nocebo hyperalgesia and the startle response 

      Aslaksen, Per M.; Åsli, Ole; Øvervoll, Morten; BjØrkedal, espen (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-24)
      Background: The literature on the effects of nocebo on pain is sparse. The present experimental study investigated whether suggestions of nocebo hyperalgesia modified the startle response and whether increased startle contributed to the nocebo hyperalgesic effect. Methods: A design with four groups was employed; the participants were randomized into either a placebo group, a natural history group, ...