• Analysis of time series of polarimetric sea ice signatures observed in fast ice it the Belgica Bank area 

      Eltoft, Torbjørn; Johansson, Malin; Lohse, Johannes; Ferro-Famil, Laurent (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023-10-20)
      The CIRFA-Cruise 2022 with <i>RV Kronprins Haakon</i> to the north-eastern coast of Greenland in the period April 22nd to May 9th 2022 was organised to perform measurements and make observations which allow for validation of sea ice remote sensing information and forecast products resulting from work in the Centre for Integrated Remote Sensing and Forecasting for Arctic Operations(CIRFA), a Centre ...
    • Anomalous transport due to large coherent structures in a magnetized toroidal plasma 

      Fredriksen, Åshild; Pécseli, Hans L; Trulsen, Jan Karsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-18)
      Anomalous transport due to large coherent structures, or coherent events, is studied experimentally in a magnetized toroidal discharge plasma. The present analysis emphasizes anomalous plasma losses as well as transport of electron thermal energy density across magnetic field lines. The experiment was carried out in the Blaamann device at the University of Tromsø. The diagnostics are based on data ...
    • Anomaly detection-inspired few-shot medical image segmentation through self-supervision with supervoxels 

      Hansen, Stine; Gautam, Srishti; Jenssen, Robert; Kampffmeyer, Michael (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-11)
      Recent work has shown that label-efficient few-shot learning through self-supervision can achieve promising medical image segmentation results. However, few-shot segmentation models typically rely on prototype representations of the semantic classes, resulting in a loss of local information that can degrade performance. This is particularly problematic for the typically large and highly heterogeneous ...
    • Apparent universality of 1/f spectra as an artifact of finite-size effects 

      Korzeniowska, Magdalena A.; Theodorsen, Audun; Rypdal, Martin Wibe; Garcia, Odd Erik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-29)
      Power spectral density scaling with frequency f as 1/ f <sup>β</sup> and β ≈ 1 is widely found in natural and socioeconomic systems. Consequently, it has been suggested that such self-similar spectra reflect the universal dynamics of complex phenomena. Here, we show that for a superposition of uncorrelated pulses with a power-law distribution of duration times the estimated scaling exponents β¯ ...
    • Arctic Field Summer Schools: training and awareness in the Arctic 

      Doulgeris, Anthony Paul; Alexeev, Vladimir A.; Murray, Maribeth S. (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2020-01)
      A series of three summer schools engaged nearly fifty graduate students in exploring science questions related to current Arctic challenges, and brought together leading Arctic researchers from the partner institutions. Each partner organised a Field School and each had their own unique styles and emphasis. This collaboration aimed to deepen the Arctic knowledge of the young generation, and to create ...
    • Arctic Field Summer Schools: training the next generation of Arctic researchers 

      Doulgeris, Anthony Paul (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2018)
      <p>The Arctic Field Summer Schools project is funded by the Research Council of Norway (NFR) and Norwegian Centre for International Cooperation in Education (SIU), under the grant agreement number 261786/H30. <p>The project supports research and education collaboration among UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF), USA and University of Calgary (UC), Canada. <p>Through ...
    • Arctic Sea Ice Characterization using Spaceborne Fully Polarimetric L-, C- and X-Band SAR with Validation by Airborne Measurements 

      Singha, Suman; Johansson, Malin; Hughes, Nick; Hvidegaard, Sine; Skourup, Henriette (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-26)
      In recent years, spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) polarimetry has become a valuable tool for sea ice analysis. Here, we employ an automatic sea ice classification algorithm on two sets of spatially and temporally near coincident fully polarimetric acquisitions from the ALOS-2, Radarsat-2, and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellites. Overlapping coincident sea ice freeboard measurements from airborne ...
    • Arecibo measurements of D-region electron densities during sunset and sunrise: implications for atmospheric composition 

      Baumann, Carsten; Kero, Antti; Raizada, Shikha; Rapp, Markus; Sulzer, Michael P.; Verronen, Pekka T.; Vierinen, Juha (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-02)
      Earth’s lower ionosphere is the region where terrestrial weather and space weather come together. Here, between 60 and 100 km altitude, solar radiation governs the diurnal cycle of the ionized species. This altitude range is also the place where nanometre-sized dust particles, recondensed from ablated meteoric material, exist and interact with free electrons and ions of the ionosphere. This ...
    • Artefact removal in ground truth deficient fluctuations-based nanoscopy images using deep learning 

      Jadhav, Suyog; Acuña Maldonado, Sebastian Andres; Opstad, Ida Sundvor; Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh; Agarwal, Krishna; Prasad, Dilip K. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-08)
      Image denoising or artefact removal using deep learning is possible in the availability of supervised training dataset acquired in real experiments or synthesized using known noise models. Neither of the conditions can be fulfilled for nanoscopy (super-resolution optical microscopy) images that are generated from microscopy videos through statistical analysis techniques. Due to several physical ...
    • Aspects of model-based decompositions in radar polarimetry 

      Doulgeris, Anthony Paul; Eltoft, Torbjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-11-12)
      In this paper, we further analyse the problem that polarimetric target decomposition methods in general have more physical parameters than equations, making the decomposition under-determined and hence have no unique solution. The common approach to get around this problem is to make certain assumptions, thus fixing one or more parameters, allowing the other free parameters to be solved from the set ...
    • Assessing ocean ensemble drift predictions by comparison with observed oil slicks 

      Martins de Aguiar, Victor Cesar; Röhrs, Johannes; Johansson, Malin; Eltoft, Torbjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-16)
      Geophysical models are cornerstone pieces in marine forecasting of floating objects and pollution, such as marine surface oil slicks. Trajectory forecasts of oil spills inherit the uncertainties from the underlying geophysical forcing. In this work we compare the forecast capabilities of an ocean ensemble prediction system (EPS) to those from a higher resolution deterministic model on ...
    • Assessing polarimetric SAR sea-ice classifications using consecutive day images 

      Moen, Mari-Ann; Anfinsen, Stian Normann; Doulgeris, Anthony Paul; Renner, Angelika; Gerland, Sebastian (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)
      This paper investigates automatic segmentation and classification of C-band, polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite images of Arctic sea ice under freezing conditions prior to melt. The objective is to investigate the robustness of the results obtained under slightly varying environmental conditions and different viewing geometries. Initially, three geographically overlapping SAR ...
    • Assessment of High‐Resolution Dynamical and Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Sea Ice Concentration in a Regional Application 

      Fritzner, Sindre Markus; Graversen, Rune; Christensen, Kai Håkon (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2020-10-17)
      In this study, the potential for sea ice concentration prediction using machine‐learning methods is investigated. Three different sea ice prediction models are compared: one high‐resolution dynamical assimilative model and two statistical machine‐learning models. The properties of all three models are explored, and the quality of their forecasts is compared. The dynamical model is a state‐of‐the‐art ...
    • Assessment of land subsidence using interferometric synthetic aperture radar time series analysis and artificial neural network in a geospatial information system: Case study of Rafsanjan Plain 

      Bagheri, Mohsen; Dehghani, Maryam; Esmaeily, Ali; Akbari, Vahid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-31)
      Land subsidence resulting from groundwater extraction is a widely recurring phenomenon worldwide. To assess land subsidence, traditional methods such as numerical and finite element methods have limitations due to the complex interactions between the different constructor factors of aquifer in each area. We produced a groundwater-induced subsidence map by applying the geological and hydrogeological ...
    • Assessment of Polarimetric Variability by Distance Geometry for Enhanced Classification of Oil Slicks Using SAR 

      Marinoni, Andrea; Espeseth, Martine; Gamba, Paolo; Brekke, Camilla; Eltoft, Torbjørn (Peer reviewed; Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019-11-14)
      In this paper, we introduce a new approach for investigation of polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) images for oil slick analysis. Our method aims at enhancing discrimination of oil types by exploring the polarimetric features that can be produced by processing PolSAR scenes without dimensionality reduction. Taking advantage of a mixture description of the interactions among classes within ...
    • Assessment of RISAT-1 and Radarsat-2 for Sea Ice Observation from Hybrid-Polarity Perspective 

      Espeseth, Martine; Brekke, Camilla; Johansson, Malin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-25)
      Utilizing several Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) missions will provide a data set with higher temporal resolution. It is of great importance to understand the difference between various available sensors and polarization modes and to consider how to homogenize the data sets for a following combined analysis. In this study, a uniform and consistent analysis across different SAR missions is carried ...
    • Assessment of the RISAT-1 FRS-2 Mode for Oil Spill Observation 

      Skrunes, Stine; Brekke, Camilla; Espeseth, Martine M. (Peer reviewed; Chapter, 2017-12-04)
      Synthetic aperture radar data acquired by the Radar Imaging Satellite (RISAT-1) over experimental oil spills is here investigated. One quad-polarization scene in the Fine Resolution Alternate Polarization Stripmap (FRS-2) mode is analyzed to evaluate the potential of using this mode for oil spill observation.<br> Oil slicks of varying type and age are clearly detected in the HH and VV channels, with ...
    • Assimilation of high-resolution ice charts in a coupled ocean-sea-ice model 

      Fritzner, Sindre Markus; Christensen, Kai Håkon; Graversen, Rune; Wang, Keguang (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2019)
      In this study, we show assimilation results from a coupled ocean sea-ice model. The model has a horizontal resolution of 2.5 km. In the assimilation system, we assimilate high-resolution ice charts, structured on a 1 km grid. We compare the assimilation of passive microwave observations with the assimilation of ice charts. It is shown that the ice charts have a larger impact on the assimilation ...
    • The asymmetric geospace as displayed during the geomagnetic storm on 17 August 2001 

      Østgaard, Nikolai; Reistad, Jone Peter; Tenfjord, Paul; Laundal, Karl Magnus; Rexer, Theresa; Haaland, Stein; Snekvik, Kristian; Hesse, Michael; Milan, Stephen Eric; Ohma, Anders (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-29)
      Previous studies have shown that conjugate auroral features are displaced in the two hemispheres when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) has a transverse (<i><sub>Y</sub></i>) component. It has also been shown that a <i>B<sub>Y</sub></i> component is induced in the closed magnetosphere due to the asymmetric loading of magnetic flux in the lobes following asymmetric dayside reconnection when the ...
    • Attention-guided Temporal Convolutional Network for Non-intrusive Load Monitoring 

      Ren, Huamin; Su, Xiaomeng; Jenssen, Robert; Li, Jingyue; Anfinsen, Stian Normann (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-01)
      With the prevalence of smart meter infrastructure, data analysis on consumer side becomes more and more important in smart grid systems. One of the fundamental tasks is to disaggregate users' total consumption into appliance-wise values. It has been well noted that encoding of temporal dependency is a key issue for successful modelling of the relations between the total consumption and its decomposed ...