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    • Crosslinguistic influence in L3 acquisition across linguistic modules 

      Jensen, Isabel Nadine; Mitrofanova, Natalia; Anderssen, Merete; Rodina, Yulia; Slabakova, Roumyana; Westergaard, Marit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-08)
      In this study, we investigated crosslinguistic influence (CLI) at developmental stages of third language (L3) acquisition of English by Russian–Norwegian children (N = 31). We tested seven linguistic properties within three linguistic modules (morphology, syntax and syntax-semantics). We compared the L3 learners to Norwegian (N = 90) and Russian (N = 74) second language (L2) learners of English. We ...
    • Linguistic consequences of toing and froing: Factors that affect the maintenance and development in returnee bilingual children. 

      Rothman, Jason; Kubota, Maki; Chondrogianni, Vicky; Clark, A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-13)
      This longitudinal study examined the development of narrative micro- and macrostructure in Japanese-English bilingual returnee children. Returnees are children of immigrant families who move to a foreign country, spending a significant portion of their formative developmental years in the foreign majority language context before returning to their native language environment. The returnees did a ...
    • Subject Clitics in Microcontact: A Case Study from Heritage Friulian in Argentina and Brazil 

      Frasson, Alberto; D'Alessandro, Roberta; van Osch, Brechje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-18)
      In this paper we present data from first generation immigrants (G1) and second and third generation heritage speakers of Friulian, a Rhaeto-Romance language spoken in North-Eastern Italy and also found in Argentina and Brazil. The target phenomenon is subject clitics (SCL s). We show that SCL s in heritage Friulian are in a process of being reanalyzed from being agreement markers to pronouns. ...
    • Online-Qualifikationsmaßnahmen für DaF-Lehrer*innen in Norwegen. Welche Potentiale haben digitale Angebote im Hinblick auf die professionellen zielsprachlichen Kompetenzen der Teilnehmer*innen? 

      Lindemann, Beate (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10)
      Bedingt durch Covid-19 gibt es immer mehr Onlineangebote auch im Hochschulbereich. Viele dieser Angebote sind Notlösungen in einer schwierigen Zeit. Die vorliegende Evaluationsstudie beschäftigt sich damit, inwiefern ein a priori digitales, nebenberufliches Studienangebot dazu geeignet sein kann, (zukünftige) DaF-Lehrkräfte mit den benötigten zielsprachlichen Kompetenzen auszubilden. Es wird ...
    • Learning island-insensitivity from the input: A corpus analysis of child- And youth-directed text in norwegian 

      Kush, Dave; Sant, Charlotte; Strætkvern, Sunniva Briså (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-20)
      Norwegian allows filler-gap dependencies into relative clauses (RCs) and embedded questions (EQs) – domains that are usually considered islands in other languages. We conducted a corpus study on youth-directed reading material to assess what direct evidence Norwegian children receive for filler-gap dependencies into islands. Results suggest that the input contains examples of filler-gap dependencies ...
    • SE in Spanish: properties, structures and analyses 

      Fábregas, Antonio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-01)
      This article provides an overview of Spanish SE, covering the main empirical facts, analyses and theoretical issues that it raises, and exploring the prospects to unify all uses –which are over a dozen in the literature– under one same object that keeps its surface properties invariable. We will show that it is almost inescapable to propose that SE is associated to two types of objects, defective ...
    • Stable and vulnerable domains in Germanic Heritage Languages 

      Westergaard, Marit; Kupisch, Tanja (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-22)
      This paper provides an overview of Germanic languages as heritage languages, i.e. languages acquired naturalistically by children in parts of the world where these languages are not the majority language. Summarizing research on different types of heritage speakers of Danish, German, Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish, we identify certain stable and vulnerable domains. We focus on the so far best ...
    • The Transitivity Index: Using Transitivity as a Continuous Measure to Account for Clitic Case Alternation in Spanish Causative Constructions. 

      Guajardo, Gustavo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-25)
      In Spanish causative constructions with dejar ‘let’ and hacer ‘make’ the subject of the embedded infinitive verb can appear in the accusative or the dative case. This case alternation has been accounted for by resorting to the notion of direct vs. indirect causation. Under this account, the accusative clitic with a transitive verb denotes direct causation while the dative clitic with an intransitive ...
    • The Art of Radio Documentary 

      Grenersen, Geir (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06)
      For many years, I have been a devoted fan of radio documentaries. Back in the 1980s and 1990s I used to record some of the documentaries on my old Phillips cassette recorder. When digital technology replaced such tapes, I put them in a drawer. To make a radio documentary, you only need a good voice recorder and a talent to connect with people. Listening to a good radio documentary, you get the ...
    • Voice Onset Time in multilingual speakers: Italian heritage speakers in Germany with L3 English 

      Geiss, Miriam; Gumbsheimer, Sonja; Lloyd-Smith, Anika; Schmid, Svenja; Kupisch, Tanja (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-01)
      This study brings together two previously largely independent fields of multilingual language acquisition: heritage language and third language (L3) acquisition. We investigate the production of fortis and lenis stops in semi-naturalistic speech in the three languages of 20 heritage speakers (HSs) of Italian with German as a majority language and English as L3. The study aims to identify the extent ...
    • Sensitivity to microvariation in bilingual acquisition: Morphophonological gender cues in Russian heritage language 

      Mitrofanova, Natalia; Urek, Olga; Rodina, Yulia; Westergaard, Marit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-27)
      Previous research on the acquisition of grammatical gender has shown that this property is acquired early in transparent gender systems such as Russian. However, it is not clear to what extent children are sensitive to the assignment cues and to what extent they simply memorize correspondences between frequent lexical items. Furthermore, we do not know if bilingual children are different from ...
    • Ongoing change in the Australian English amplifier system 

      Schweinberger, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-06)
      This study takes a corpus-based approach to investigating ongoing change in the Australian English adjective amplifier system based on the Australian component of the International Corpus of English (ICE). The paper analyzes changes in amplifiers across apparent time, with special attention being placed on amplifier–adjective–bigram frequencies, to provide insights into cognitive mechanisms underlying ...
    • Minority language learning in Kven through conversation 

      Niiranen, Leena (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-05)
      Language learners of Kven participated in informal learning settings using the Master Apprentice method, a method often used in language revitalization. The use of this method is studied in the light of sociocultural theory of language learning, which focuses on the relationship between collaborative learning and learner autonomy. The students of Kven improved their oral proficiency when using the ...
    • Brain structural correlates of autistic traits across the diagnostic divide: A grey matter and white matter microstructure study 

      Chandran, Varun Arunachalam; Pliatsikas, Christos; Neufeld, Janina; O'Connell, Garret; Haffey, Anthony; DeLuca, Vincent; Chakrabarti, Bhismadev (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-23)
      Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are a set of neurodevelopmental conditions characterised by difficulties in social interaction and communication as well as stereotyped and restricted patterns of interest. Autistic traits exist in a continuum across the general population, whilst the extreme end of this distribution is diagnosed as clinical ASD. While many studies have investigated brain structure ...
    • Samfunnsoppdrag under press Erfaringer og vurderinger i norske bibliotek under Covid-19 

      Evjen, Sunniva; Colbjørnsen, Terje; Bøyum, Idunn; Tallerås, Kim; Olsen, Heidi Kristin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-15)
      Siden mars 2020 har Covid-19-pandemien rammet det norske samfunnet på ulike måter. Foruten de helsemessige ringvirkningene, har privat og offentlig sektor vært nødt til å tilpasse seg den pågående krisen. De første inngripende smitteverntiltakene i Norge ble innført 12. mars. Sentrale myndigheter ga beskjed om at skoler og barnehager skulle stenge –sammen med blant annet kultur-og ...
    • Regular and irregular inflection in different groups of bilingual children and the role of verbal short-term and verbal working memory 

      Blom, Wilhelmina Bernardina T.; Bosma, Evelyn; Hearing, Wilbert (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-22)
      Bilingual children often experience difficulties with inflectional morphology. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate how regularity of inflection in combination with verbal short-term and working memory (VSTM, VWM) influences bilingual children’s performance. Data from 231 typically developing five- to eight-year-old children were analyzed: Dutch monolingual children (N = 45), ...
    • The Tale of Two Lexicons: Decomposing Complexity across a Distributed Lexicon 

      Lohndal, Terje; Putnam, Michael T. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-10)
      The notion of complexity is evasive and often left to intuition, yet it is often invoked when studying heritage language grammars. In this article, we propose a first pass at decomposing the notion of complexity into smaller components in a formal grammatical model. In particular, we argue that a distributed model of the lexicon (i.e., one that assumes that principles that generate both words and ...
    • Samisk kunst og norsk kunsthistorie: delvise forbindelser 

      Grini, Monica (Book; Bok, 2021)
      Hvordan er samisk kunst fremstilt i norsk kunsthistorie? Så enkelt og så komplekst er spørsmålet som driver denne boken frem. Utgangspunktet er en nysgjerrighet omkring hvordan samisk transnasjonalstatelighet slår ut i kunsthistorien; et spørsmål som ikke tidligere har blitt fremhevet som eksplisitt innfallsvinkel i undersøkelser av samisk kunst. Tilnærmingen hviler på en antagelse om at et ...
    • Transitivity on a continuum: The transitivity index as a predictor of Spanish causatives 

      Guajardo, Gustavo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-27)
      This paper contributes to the study of transitivity as a general property of the clause. Unlike most previous work on the subject, however, transitivity in the present article is used to study a lexical alternation, namely the two causative predicates dejar ‘let’ and hacer ‘make’ in Spanish. To do this, I use the transitivity index (TI), a weighted continuous measure of transitivity based on Hopper ...
    • Recent advances in Apertium, a free/open-source rule-based machine translation platform for low-resource languages 

      Khanna, Tanmai; Washington, Jonathan North; Tyers, Francis Morton; Bayatlı, Sevilay; Swanson, Daniel; Pirinen, Flammie; Tang, Irene; Alos i Font, Héctor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-08)
      This paper presents an overview of Apertium, a free and open-source rule-based machine translation platform. Translation in Apertium happens through a pipeline of modular tools, and the platform continues to be improved as more language pairs are added. Several advances have been implemented since the last publication, including some new optional modules: a module that allows rules to process recursive ...