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From Pride to Progress: Promoting Sustainable Fashion Consumption Through Strategic Framing
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-09-19)The fashion industry faces growing criticism for its negative environmental and social impacts, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable practices and responsible consumption. Although many consumers express positive attitudes toward sustainability, these attitudes often do not translate into actual behavior. This disconnect, known as the attitude and behavior gap, poses a critical challenge for ... -
Characterization, calibration and optical performance of ocean light instruments and the legal background for deployment in the Arctic
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-09-19)While commercial light instruments can measure high and medium light intensities, there are few that can capture the low light conditions, consisting of light from moon, stars and aurora, that prevail during the (polar) night. In the ocean, light intensities are even lower because of the high absorption of water, optically significant constituents and phytoplankton. In polar regions, snow and sea ... -
Echoes of the Past: Finding the Secrets of Ancient Ecosystems using SedaDNA
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-09-19)Using sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) we can reconstruct past ecosystems and investigate biotic and abiotic drivers of ecosystem change. Mammalian sedaDNA is more challenging to obtain so we developed a dual human DNA blocking strategy to amplify more rare mammalian taxa. We then applied mammalian and plant sedaDNA metabarcoding to a Late Pleistocene (19 – 15 thousand years before present, ka BP) ... -
Ecological transitions in Arctic marine ecosystems. Macroalgal settlement, pelagic density, and fish community shifts associated with glacier retreat and Atlantification
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-09-16)The Arctic is warming at an unprecedented rate, driving severe changes in marine ecosystems. Glacier retreat, increased sedimentation rates, and reduced sea ice cover are reshaping Arctic fjords, where terrestrial, freshwater, and marine influences interact. Glacier fronts influence fjord biogeochemistry and marine ecosystems across multiple trophic levels, and localized effects of glacier retreat ... -
Dietary niches of phocid seals and predatory fishes in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard: Comparisons between co-occurring endemic Arctic and non-endemic species
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-10-09)Kongsfjorden in the Svalbard Archipelago has transitioned from an Arctic to an Atlantic state due to climate change. Warming of the fjord has led to sea ice reduction, glacial retreat and increasing abundances of Atlantic and boreal species. This process is called Atlantificaiton and is a cause for concern for Arctic endemic species native to Kongsfjorden. In this thesis, dietary niches and feeding ... -
Monitoring herbivore–environment relationships in a changing Arctic landscape
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-09-05)Arctic herbivores face a rapidly changing environment, impacting their habitat use and food resources. Understanding the extent and future impact of suitable habitats is crucial. However, studying herbivore-environment relationships in the Arctic is challenging due to vast distances, remoteness, and landscape heterogeneity. Remote sensing tools like GPS collars, wildlife cameras, drones, and satellites ... -
Explorations into the control of torpor arousal cycling in the Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-09-05)Endothermic animals have inherently high metabolic rates, granting advantages over ectotherms such as increased aerobic capacity, thermal independence, and niche expansion. However, the energy demands of endothermy increase disproportionately with decreasing body size. To mitigate these energetic costs, some endotherms employ metabolic flexibility strategies like torpor, a profound metabolic rate ... -
Catch and energy efficiency in trawls targeting mesopelagic fish, Calanus and northern krill
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-08-20)<p>The increasing demand for marine bioresources to support aquaculture and global food security has driven the interest in mesopelagic fish, <i>Calanus sp.</i>, and northern krill (<i>Meganyctiphanes norvegica</i>) as alternative marine feed resources. However, efficient harvesting of these species presents significant challenges due to their small size, which requires the use of small-meshed trawls ... -
On the appetites of small copepods and nematodes in the Arctic Barents Sea and Nansen Basin: In situ trophic interactions revealed by brute force prey metabarcoding
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-26)Small invertebrates (≤ 2 mm) are key members of the Arctic marine ecosystem, yet their trophic interactions have rarely been researched due to methodological challenges. In this thesis, a novel brute force approach to prey metabarcoding was developed and applied to characterize the trophic interactions of small pelagic copepods and benthic nematodes over four seasons in the Barents Sea and Nansen ... -
Rheostasis and timing: A tanycyte-mediated process
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-20)The geophysical properties of the earth result in, yearly changes in solar irradiance driving seasonal fluctuations in temperature and food availability. This necessitates non-equatorial species to partition energy demanding processes to favourable times of the year. Temporal gating of physiology requires both a readjustment of homeostatic processes (rheostasis), and the ability to keep track of ... -
Assessing the impacts of climate change and spatial dynamics on the Canadian lobster fishery (Homarus americanus)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-09)This thesis offers a comprehensive analysis of how climate change affects fisheries, presenting empirical evidence and methodological innovations that contribute to the development of adaptive management strategies. In particular, it seeks to understand how warming waters, distributional species shifts, and extreme weather events are disrupting fishery dynamics and undermining the stability of ... -
Key Drivers and Moderators for Organizational Ambidexterity and Long-Term Performance in SMEs
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-04-24)<p>This doctoral thesis investigates some critical factors influencing the long-term survival, financial performance, and growth prospects of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), focusing on the role of organizational ambidexterity (OA) strategies. The concept of organizational ambidexterity refers to the ability of firms to balance two strategies; exploitation, which focuses on refining and ... -
Pre-processing of red seaweeds to increase the protein yield
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-04-10)<p>There is an increasing need for new sustainable food sources to meet the demands of a growing population. Marine protein, mainly from fish, constitutes 6.2 % of the global protein consumption today. The marine environments have the potential to play a significant role in future food security by increasing the utilisation of traditional and new species. Seaweeds have a long tradition as a food ... -
Bioeconomic analysis of Norwegian reindeer husbandry in the face of crowberry encroachment
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-03-21)Allelopathic encroachment of <i>Empetrum nigrum</i> (crowberry) is impacting the Norwegian reindeer husbandry. This thesis first explores both the negative and positive impacts of crowberry, and then analyses the effect of its encroachment on the husbandry under climate change. The thesis consists of four papers, one qualitative study conducting systematic literature review of <i>Empetrum nigrum</i>, ... -
Transcriptional responses to Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) and stress hormones in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) red blood cells
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-03-14)Fish red blood cells (RBCs) are nucleated and metabolically active with physiological and immunological properties. Salmonid RBCs are target cells of Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV), a double-stranded RNA virus with three known genotypes (PRV-1, 2 and 3). PRV-1 can give heart and skeletal muscle inflammation to farmed Atlantic salmon, which can lead to mortality in combination with stress, PRV-3 is ... -
Preference for Novelty in Tourism: Investigating the role of personal values through variable- and person-centered approaches
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-02-21)<p><i>Purpose:</i> The overarching aim of the present thesis is to provide an attitudinal perspective of the concept of novelty in tourism and test this perspective within Schwartz’s theory of personal values. To achieve this, the thesis first clarifies the progress of novelty in tourism and identifies possible antecedents and consequences. This involves examining both attitudinal and emotional ... -
Exploring the Microbial Chassis-Effect: Implications Towards Greater Biodesign
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-12-11)As an engineering field, the goal of synthetic biology is to design, build and implement technological solutions that advance human capability. To achieve this, synthetic biologists must be open to exploring new avenues of engineering strategies and move beyond tradition. The host-chassis has historically been an overlooked design variable in the field of synthetic biology. We show in this thesis ... -
Molecular adaptations to diving-induced hypoxia. Diurnal variations in cellular and mitochondrial hypoxia tolerance in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-11-26)<p>Hypoxia may be defined as a state of O<sub>2</sub> deficiency in which cellular energetic homeostasis is challenged. Prolonged exposure to hypoxia can lead to a bioenergetic collapse as it induces a switch from mitochondrial oxidative metabolism to a mainly glycolytic one, which is not sustainable over time. Recent evidence shows that mitochondrial metabolic response to hypoxia also depends on ... -
Unlocking the potential of sedimentary ancient DNA
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-11-15)Past ecosystem dynamics provide valuable information to inform current and future management. Ancient DNA has rapidly become a powerful tool in uncovering these lost environments. We demonstrate the ecological inferences made possible by metabarcoding analysis on sedimentary ancient DNA by investigating the role climate and glacial activity have had on a catchment’s vegetation community. We identified ... -
Market volatility and new evidence from media sentiment: An AI-driven approach
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-11-07)This dissertation stands at the intersection of finance and machine learning to empirically delve into the intricate relation between media sentiment and market volatility, covering various aspects of this dynamic. Through three research papers, the thesis presents a detailed investigation into how media—ranging from traditional news to social media platforms—shapes market behaviors and sentiments, ...
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