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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Thirty Years of Sense and Sensibility in Agent-Based Models: A Bibliometric Analysis
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-07-21)Emotion and cognition are at the core of human behaviour and modelling human behaviour is at the core of social simulation. Using a bibliometric analysis of publications connecting agent-based modelling with cognition (sense), emotion (sensibility), or both, this study describes the evolution of the field, explores trends, and identifies existing gaps, and proposes potential future developments. Our ... -
Effect of gillnet mesh size on the capture probability and capture patterns in the Asian paddle crab (Charybdis japonica) fishery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-04)In the Asian paddle crab (Charybdis japonica) gillnet fishery in the Yellow Sea, China, the minimum mesh size (MMS) regulation has been of a major importance due to high bycatch rates of undersized crabs. In this study, we evaluated how gillnet mesh size can affect the capture probability of C. japonica and capture patterns in this fishery by comparing the performance of gillnets with four ... -
Modeling Realistic Human Behavior in Disasters. A Rapid Literature Review of Agent-Based Models Reviews
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-07-21)Agent-based models of human behaviors in emergencies are extremely important in prevention, preparedness, response and mitigation of crises. However, there is huge variation in the modeling of human cognitions and actions, with varying degrees of realism and even more diverse definitions of how realism should be implemented in the models. The aim of this Rapid Literature Review is to identify existing ... -
Survey report (Part 2) from the joint Norwegian/Russian Ecosystem Survey in the Barents Sea and the adjacent waters August-October 2023 — Marine environment, Mesozooplankton, Commercial Demersal Fish, Fish Biodiversity, Commercial Shellfish, Benthic Invertebrate Community, Marine Mammals and Seabirds
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2024)The aim of the joint Norwegian/Russian ecosystem survey in the Barents Sea and adjacent waters, August-October (BESS) is to monitor the status and changes of in the Barents Sea ecosystem. The survey has since 2004 been conducted annually in the autumn, as a collaboration between the IMR in Norway and the Polar Branch of VNIRO (PINRO) in Russia. The general survey plan, tasks, and sailings routes are ... -
Effects of resource availability and interspecific interactions on Arctic and red foxes' winter use of ungulate carrion in the Fennoscandian low-Arctic tundra
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-01)In the Arctic tundra, predators face recurrent periods of food scarcity and often turn to ungulate carcasses as an alternative food source. As important and localized resource patches, carrion promotes co-occurrence of different individuals, and its use by predators is likely to be affected by interspecific competition. We studied how interspecific competition and resource availability impact ... -
Secondary production at the Barents Sea polar front in summer: contribution of different size classes of mesozooplankton
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-05-02)The Barents Sea polar front is characterized by high primary production following the retreat of the ice edge during spring. However, secondary production estimates of mesozooplankton across the front are scarce, despite being essential for understanding energy flow through the food web. We investigated mesozooplankton community composition and production across the Barents Sea polar front (75°-78°N) ... -
One mesh does not fit all: A dual compartment codend provides flexible selectivity opportunities to manage mixed fisheries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023-11-11)Fisheries management is moving from a single-species to an ecosystem-based approach to better balance the technical, biological, and economic aspects of the many mixed-species fisheries in the world. Most mixed fisheries are conducted with trawl gears, which have a hereditary challenge of providing a species and size selectivity that meets the development in management objectives of reducing unwanted ... -
Phytoplankton bloom distribution and succession driven by sea-ice melt in the Kong Håkon VII Hav
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-02)The existence of ice-edge phytoplankton blooms in the Southern Ocean is well described, yet direct observations of the mechanisms of phytoplankton bloom development following seasonal sea-ice melt remain scarce. This study constrains such responses using biological and biogeochemical datasets collected along a coastal-to-offshore transect that bisects the receding sea-ice zone in the Kong Håkon VII ... -
Impact of aggregate-colonizing copepods on the biological carbon pump in a high-latitude fjord
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-29)Zooplankton consumption of sinking aggregates affects the quality and quantity of organic carbon exported to the deep ocean. Increasing laboratory evidence shows that small particle-associated copepods impact the flux attenuation by feeding on sinking particles, but this has not been quantified in situ. We investigated the impact of an abundant particle-colonizing copepod, Microsetella norvegica, ... -
Why should scientists lead? To underpin policy on marine and polar ecosystems.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-05)I recount my personal history, beginning as a young fisherman, becoming an academic fisheries biologist, and ultimately a leader of institutions dedicated to marine and polar research, higher education, and advising policymakers. After my dissertation in the early 1990s, I embarked on an active research career at the Institute of Marine Research (IMR) in Bergen, Norway, developing a sonar method to ... -
Machine learning applied to species occurrence and interactions: the missing link in biodiversity assessment and modelling of Antarctic plankton distribution
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-25)Background Plankton is the essential ecological category that occupies the lower levels of aquatic trophic networks, representing a good indicator of environmental change. However, most studies deal with distribution of single species or taxa and do not take into account the complex of biological interactions of the real world that rule the ecological processes.<p> <p>Results This study focused ... -
Stønader i norske asylmottak 2015-2023. Hvorfor er de blitt endret, får asylsøkere i asylmottak mer enn andre i stønad og er det nok?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-05-28)Hovedformålet med denne MBA-oppgaven har vært å undersøke faktorene som har bidratt til endringene i stønadsnivået for beboere i norske asylmottak i 2016 og 2023. I 2016 ble stønadsnivået redusert med opptil 20 prosent, mens det i 2023 ble økt med 54,5 prosent. Ved hjelp av kritisk diskursanalyse, både empirisk og teoretisk, utforsker oppgaven hvilke faktorer som har påvirket disse endringene. Dette ... -
Seasonality in phytoplankton communities and production in three Arctic fjords across a climate gradient
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-28)Phytoplankton communities and production in Arctic fjords undergo strong seasonal variations. Phytoplankton blooms are periods with high primary production, leading to elevated algal biomass fueling higher trophic levels. Blooms are typically driven bottom-up by light and nutrient availability but may also be top-down controlled by grazing. While phytoplankton spring blooms are common across all ... -
Tracking gonadal development in fish: An in vivo MRI study on polar cod, Boreogadus saida (Lepechin, 1774)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-07)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was applied to determine the sex of polar cod (Boreogadus saida Lepechin, 1774) (Actinopterygii: Gadidae) and to follow the gonadal development in individual animals over time. Individual unanaesthetised fish were transferred to a measurement chamber inside a preclinical 9.4 T MRI scanner and continuously perfused with aerated seawater. A screening procedure at ... -
Transcriptomics of early responses to purified Piscine orthoreovirus-1 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) red blood cells compared to non-susceptible cell lines
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-14)Piscine red blood cells (RBC) are nucleated and have been characterized as mediators of immune responses in addition to their role in gas exchange. Salmonid RBC are major target cells of Piscine orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1), the etiological agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). PRV-1 replicates in RBC ex vivo, but no viral amplification has been ... -
Response of the copepod community to interannual differences in sea-ice cover and water masses in the northern Barents Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-27)The reduction of Arctic summer sea ice due to climate change can lead to increased primary production in parts of the Barents Sea if sufficient nutrients are available. Changes in the timing and magnitude of primary production may have cascading consequences for the zooplankton community and ultimately for higher trophic levels. In Arctic food webs, both small and large copepods are commonly present, ... -
Reading tea leaves worldwide: Decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass-loss rate and stabilization
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-07)The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large-scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization factors of plant-derived ... -
Reflexive monitoring for sustainable transformations: A game-based workshop methodology for participatory learning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-07-08)In this study, we combined reflexive monitoring—a critical assessment, evaluation, and practice-adjustment process—with participatory learning through educational games to advance transformative sustainable tourism methodologies. The methodology was tested in a workshop with tourism practitioners in Norway. Using a constructivist lens, we analysed the narratives participants shared via game artefacts, ... -
The increase of an allelopathic and unpalatable plant undermines reindeer pasture quality and current management in the Norwegian tundra
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-03)Ongoing Arctic greening can increase productivity and reindeer pasture quality in the tundra. However, greening may also entail proliferation of unpalatable species, with consequences for pastoral socialecological systems. Here we show extensive greening across 20 reindeer districts in Norway between 2003 and 2020, which has reduced pasture diversity. The allelopathic, evergreen dwarf-shrub crowberry ... -
Hva er en attraktiv arbeidsplass for teknologer?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-06-03)Hensikten med denne oppgaven er å sette søkelys på hvordan Helse Nord IKT kan være en attraktiv arbeidsplass for teknologer, og hva teknologer mener er viktig ved en attraktiv arbeidsplass. Med utgangspunkt i Helse Nord IKT sin strategi på «attraktiv arbeidsplass» ønsker vi å se på hva teknologer ved Helse Nord IKT mener fremmer og hemmer deres opplevelse av å jobbe ved en attraktiv arbeidsplass. ...
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