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dc.contributor.authorBjerkaas, Eivind
dc.contributor.authorParajuli, Ranjan
dc.contributor.authorEngeland, Anders
dc.contributor.authorMaskarinec, Gertraud
dc.contributor.authorWeiderpass, Elisabete
dc.contributor.authorGram, Inger Torhild
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-17T11:45:06Z
dc.date.available2016-03-17T11:45:06Z
dc.date.issued2015-01-22
dc.description.abstractObjective. The association between smoking and breast cancer has been found in most recent, large cohort studies. We wanted to investigate how smoking-associated breast cancer varies by level of education, a wellestablished measure of socioeconomic status. <p>Methods. We included 302,865 women with 7490 breast cancer cases. Participants were assigned to low, moderate or high level of education and analyzed by smoking status (ever/never), and stratified by birth cohorts (≤1950N). We used Cox proportional hazard to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for age, number of children, age at first childbirth, BMI, age at enrollment and physical activity. <p>Results. Women born ≤1950 with low and moderate levels of education had a 40% increase in smokingassociated breast cancer risk (HR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.25–1.57 and HR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.05–1.24, respectively). Women in the same age group with high level of education did not have an increase in risk. No increased breast cancer risk was found among women born after 1950 for any level of education, when analyzed by smoking status. Longer duration of smoking before first childbirth was consistently associated with increasing risk of breast cancer in all three categories of education (all p for trends b 0.01). <p>Conclusion. Smoking for several years before first childbirth increases the risk of breast cancer, regardless of educational level.en_US
dc.descriptionPublished version also available at <a href=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.004>http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.004</a>en_US
dc.identifier.citationPreventive Medicine 2015, 73:125-129en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1249963
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.004
dc.identifier.issn1096-0260
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/9007
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:no-uit_munin_8575
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccess
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Forebyggende medisin: 804en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Midical sciences: 700::Health sciences: 800::Preventive medicine: 804en_US
dc.subjectBreast canceren_US
dc.subjectIncidenceen_US
dc.subjectEducationen_US
dc.subjectSmokingen_US
dc.subjectCONORen_US
dc.subjectNorwayen_US
dc.titleSocial inequalities and smoking-associated breast cancer - Results from a prospective cohort studyen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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