The Earth’s atmosphere near both the geographic and magnetic equators and at altitudes between 120 and 200 km is called the low-latitude valley region (LLVR) and is among the least understood regions of the ionosphere/thermosphere due to its complex interplay of neutral dynamics, electrodynamics, and photochemistry. Radar studies of the region have revealed puzzling daytime echoes scattered from ...

The selection of an adequate response reduction factor (R) in the seismic design of a reinforced concrete building is critical to the building’s seismic response. To construct a robust structure, the R factor should be chosen based on the building’s resilience performance. Since no background was provided for the selection of R factors, the study focuses on the right selection of R factors in relation ...

Rain-on-snow (ROS) events occur across many regions of the terrestrial Arctic in mid-winter. Snowpack properties are changing, and in extreme cases ice layers form which affect wildlife, vegetation and soils beyond the duration of the event. Specifically, satellite microwave observations have been shown to provide insight into known events. Only Ku-band radar (scatterometer) has been applied so ...

A newly described species, Dasyhelea mesophylla Dominiak and Borkent, from Costa Rica is the first species in this large and diverse family known to be a leaf-miner. The species is described as third and fourth instar larvae, pupa, and male and female adults. The biology of larvae mining the floating leaves of Salvinia minima Baker is also described. The pupa has a distinctive, sharply pointed ...

Artikkelen redegjør først for induktive arbeidsformer i de to fagfeltene matematikk og fremmedspråk. Deretter presenterer forfatterne lektorstudenters oppfatning av induktive arbeidsformer i sitt fagfelt. Dagens norske læreplaner vektlegger elevenes evne til å stille spørsmål, utforske og eksperimentere. Utforsking er en form for induktivt arbeid, og forfatterne ser induktivt arbeid som svært relevant ...

Background: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the risk of neuropsychological sequelae from boxing.<p> <p>Method: We conducted a systematic search in the databases Medline, Embase, PsychInfo and Web of Science. Studies with boxers, control groups, using neuropsychological assessment and brain-imaging/biomarkers were included. Nine articles met these criteria.<p> <p>Results: ...

The angiosperm genus <i>Cuscuta</i> lives as an almost achlorophyllous root- and leafless holoparasite and has therefore occupied scientists for more than a century. The ‘evolution’ of <i>Cuscuta</i> research started with early studies that established the phylogenetic framework for this unusual genus. It continued to produce groundbreaking cytological, morphological, and physiological insight ...

A discussion related to the selection of a proper design basis for Arctic infrastructure facilities is presented. The design basis, which must be sufficiently robust to ensure safe operations of the facilities during their planned lifetime, should include relevant information available from the local and indigenous people of the area. The need to properly document all data and assumptions made ...

The Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan, Lagopus muta hyperborea, is the only year-round resident terrestrial bird in the high Arctic. Many of the physiological and morphological adaptations permitting its winter endurance in this harsh environment are well understood. However, it remains unknown how the conspicuous moult from a greyish brown summer to a white winter plumage, and any underlying changes in ...

Gut microbiota contributes to human health. Plenty of studies demonstrate that antibiotics can disrupt gut ecosystem leading to dysbiosis. Little is known about the microbial variation of appendix and its up/downstream intestine after antibiotic treatment. This study aimed to investigate the microbiome and mucosal morphology of jejunum, appendix, and colon of rats in health and dysbiosis. A rodent ...