Different sea ice models apply unique approaches in the computation of nutrient diffusion between the ocean and the ice bottom, which are generally decoupled from the calculation of turbulent heat flux. A simple molecular diffusion formulation is often used. We argue that nutrient transfer from the ocean to sea ice should be as consistent as possible with heat transfer, since all of these fluxes ...

In this paper, we consider a reduced computational model of methane hydrate formation in variable salinity conditions, and give details on the discretization and phase equilibria implementation. We describe three time-stepping variants: Implicit, Semi-implicit, and Sequential, and we compare the accuracy and efficiency of these variants depending on the spatial and temporal discretization parameters. ...

I artikkelen diskuterer jeg hvorfor vi bør undervise kanoniserte mannlige filosofers kjønnsperspektiver til examen philosophicum. Dette er ofte et neglisjert tema i lærebøker i filosofiens historie. Etter mitt syn finnes det i det minste tre grunner for inkludering av kjønnsperspektivene: For det første, har de kanoniserte mannlige filosofenes syn hatt avgjørende innflytelse på hvordan vi har ...

For the last decade, the World War II prisoner-of-war camp and battery at Sværholt in northernmost Norway have been objects of archaeological investigation. This article presents the results from excavations and associated studies, including new descriptions of extant structures and found artefacts, comparative osteological analyses of middens, and their implications. Our purpose in presenting these ...

Background<p> <p>Effect-size underestimation impedes biomarker identification. Long follow-up time in prospective studies attenuates effect-size estimates for transient biomarkers, while disease category–specific biomarkers are affected by merging of categories. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) encompasses deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). <p>Objectives <p>(i) To re-analyze untargeted ...

Background: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a frequently used behavioral screening instrument. However, its psychometric properties have been rarely examined among children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).<p> <p>Aims: The main aims of this study were to examine the internal consistency (i.e., McDonald’s Omega), the convergent validity (by correlating ...

The effects of early thermal environment on growth, age at maturity, and sexual size dimorphism in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) are investigated. This study is a 654-day long rearing trial split into two sequential experimental phases termed EP1 and EP2 and lasting 315 and 339 days, respectively. EP1 started at the end of the yolk sac stage when the experimental fish were divided into three ...

Increasing exploration and exploitation activity in the Arctic Ocean has intensified maritime traffic in the Barents Sea. Due to the sparse population and insufficient oil spill response infrastructure on the extensive Barents Sea shoreline, it is necessary to address the possibility of offshore accidents and study hazards to the local environment and its resources. Simulations of surface oil ...

The importance of cold-water blue carbon as biological carbon pumps that sequester carbon into ocean sediments is now being realised. Most polar blue carbon research to date has focussed on deep water, yet the highest productivity is in the shallows. This study measured the functional biodiversity and carbon standing stock accumulated by shallow-water (<25 m) benthic assemblages on both hard and ...

Introduction: Identification of individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is important for early prevention of the disease. Once T2DM is established, it is difficult to treat and is associated with cardiovascular complications and increased mortality. We aimed to describe pre- and post-diagnostic changes in blood biomarker concentrations over 30 years in individuals ...