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Rapid climate changes during the Lateglacial and the early Holocene as seen from plant community dynamics in the Polar Urals, Russia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-30)A detailed, well-dated record of pollen and sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) for the period 15 000–9500 cal a bp describes changes at Lake Bolshoye Shchuchye in the Polar Ural Mountains, located far east of the classical Lateglacial sites in western Europe. Arctic tundra rapidly changed to lusher vegetation, possibly including both dwarf (Betula nana) and tree birch (B. pubescens), dated in our ... -
LS-Net: fast single-shot line-segment detector
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-29)In unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights, power lines are considered as one of the most threatening hazards and one of the most difficult obstacles to avoid. In recent years, many vision-based techniques have been proposed to detect power lines to facilitate self-driving UAVs and automatic obstacle avoidance. However, most of the proposed methods are typically based on a common three-step approach: ... -
A Theoretical Analysis of Deep Neural Networks and Parametric PDEs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-02)We derive upper bounds on the complexity of ReLU neural networks approximating the solution maps of parametric partial differential equations. In particular, without any knowledge of its concrete shape, we use the inherent low dimensionality of the solution manifold to obtain approximation rates which are significantly superior to those provided by classical neural network approximation results. ... -
A heat and moisture-exchanging mask impairs self-paced maximal running performance in a sub-zero environment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-29)Purpose - Heat-and-moisture-exchanging devices (HME) are commonly used by endurance athletes during training in sub-zero environments, but their effects on performance are unknown. We investigated the influence of HME usage on running performance at − 15 °C.<p> <p>Methods - Twenty-three healthy adults (15 male, 8 female; age 18–53 years; V˙O<sub>2peak</sub> men 56 ± 7, women 50 ± 4 mL·kg<sup>−1 ... -
Physiological responses and cycle characteristics during double‑poling versus diagonal‑stride roller‑skiing in junior cross‑country skiers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-24)Purpose - This study aimed to compare physiological factors and cycle characteristics during cross-country (XC) roller-skiing at matched inclines and speeds using the double-poling (DP) and diagonal-stride (DS) sub-techniques in junior female and male XC skiers.<p> <p>Methods - Twenty-three well-trained junior XC skiers (11 women, 12 men; age 18.2 ± 1.2 yr.) completed two treadmill roller-skiing ... -
Möbius and coboundary polynomials for matroids
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-28)We study how some coefficients of two-variable coboundary polynomials can be derived from Betti numbers of Stanley–Reisner rings. We also explain how the connection with these Stanley–Reisner rings forces the coefficients of the two-variable coboundary polynomials and Möbius polynomials to satisfy certain universal equations. -
Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-25)Aquaculture is becoming the primary source of seafood for human diets, and farmed fish aquaculture is one of its fastest growing sectors. The industry currently faces several challenges including infectious and parasitic diseases, reduced viability, fertility reduction, slow growth, escapee fish and environmental pollution. The commercialization of the growth-enhanced AquAdvantage salmon and the ... -
Doublespeak? Sustainability in the Arctic—A Text Mining Analysis of Norwegian Parliamentary Speeches
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-21)This paper contributes to the recent literature on sustainability in the Arctic as a political concept. Parliamentary proceedings have increasingly been recognized as an important source of information for eliciting political issues. In this paper, we use unsupervised text mining techniques to analyze parliamentary speeches for Norway from the period from 2009 to 2016 to answer whether political ... -
Exploring fishery history in game form: ‘Never again April 18!’
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-02)This article studies the ways in which Norwegian fishery history can be explored through games. Using the 1989 closure of the Norwegian coastal cod commons as a case study, issues related to historical thinking and game studies are discussed. The main focus is on understanding history through serious games, but theoretical considerations for presenting the case in any game format are discussed. The ... -
Innføring og bruk av iPad i grunnskolen. Sosiomaterielle sammenvevinger av teknologi, skole og lærerprofesjon
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-17)<p>Denne avhandlingen er et bidrag til å forstå hva som skjer når en ny teknologi trer inn i skolekonteksten. Avhandlingens forskningsfokus vokste ut av et behov for kunnskap om hvordan teknologi faktisk organiseres i skolen, hva læreres profesjonsfaglige digitale kompetanse (PfDK) vil si i praksis, og en ambisjon om å tilføre nye teknologiforståelser på feltet. Studien som avhandlingen bygger på ... -
Maximum Available Power of Undersea Capacitive Coupling in a Wireless Power Transfer System
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-23)This paper studies the maximum available power of a dissipative capacitive power transfer (CPT) system submerged in seawater. The CPT system's maximum power capability is driven using the network theory, precisely the conjugate-image approach. The equations of the maximum available load power and the system's corresponding efficiency are expressed as a function of the capacitive coupling parameters. ... -
Arctic planktonic calcifiers in a changing ocean - A study on recent planktonic foraminifera and shelled pteropods in the Fram Strait-Barents Sea region
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-16)The Arctic marine realm is being transformed due to the anthropogenically-induced climate change. In the Arctic, the effects of climate change are intensified due to polar amplification and have led to processes in the ocean such as sea-ice retreat, ocean acidification and the increased presence of boreal species referred to as ‘Atlantification’. This thesis presents rare investigations of marine ... -
Self-Constructing Graph Convolutional Networks for Semantic Labeling
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-17)Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have received increasing attention in many fields. However, due to the lack of prior graphs, their use for semantic labeling has been limited. Here, we propose a novel architecture called the Self-Constructing Graph (SCG), which makes use of learnable latent variables to generate embeddings and to self-construct the underlying graphs directly from the input features ... -
Throwing Pebbles While Waiting: An Autoethnographic Exploration of Mental Health and Colonialism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-23)In this article, three scholars jointly investigate questions of Western colonization and mental health. While their areas of interest and experience vary, the authors discuss oppression as a common thread connecting their ideas about mental health and its medicalization. In line with Toyosaki et al. (2009), the researchers did a community autoethnography, performing written dialogue as a dynamic ... -
ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): use of Doppler velocimetry in obstetrics
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-19)The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) is a scientific organization that encourages sound clinical practice, teaching and research related to diagnostic imaging in women's healthcare. The ISUOG Clinical Standards Committee (CSC) has a remit to develop Practice Guidelines and Consensus Statements as educational recommendations that provide healthcare practitioners ... -
Toward understanding three phases of individual responses to paradox
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-07)Purpose - The purpose of this study is to further paradox research at the individual level through applying a framework of three phases of individual response to paradox – recognition, understanding and behaviour.<p> <p>Design/methodology/approach - Critical and integrative review of previous studies of individual responses to paradox.<p> <p>Findings - The role of individual understanding is ... -
Real-Time Polyp Detection, Localization and Segmentation in Colonoscopy Using Deep Learning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-04)Computer-aided detection, localization, and segmentation methods can help improve colonoscopy procedures. Even though many methods have been built to tackle automatic detection and segmentation of polyps, benchmarking of state-of-the-art methods still remains an open problem. This is due to the increasing number of researched computer vision methods that can be applied to polyp datasets. Benchmarking ... -
Chris Armstrong on Global Equality and Special Claims to Resources
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-29)In ‘Justice and Natural Resources,’ Chris Armstrong offers a rich and sophisticated egalitarian theory of resource justice, according to which the benefits and burdens flowing from natural (and non-natural) resources are ideally distributed with a view to equalize people’s access to wellbeing, unless there are compelling reasons that justify departures from that egalitarian default. Armstrong discusses ... -
X-ray absorption spectroscopy of exemplary platinum porphyrin and corrole derivatives: metal- versus ligand-centered oxidation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-30)A combination of Pt L<sub>3</sub>-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS and XANES) and DFT (TPSS) calculations have been performed on powder samples of the archetypal platinum porphyrinoid complexes Pt<sup>II</sup>[TpCF<sub>3</sub>PP], Pt<sup>IV</sup>[TpCF<sub>3</sub>PP]Cl<sub>2</sub>, and Pt<sup>IV</sup>[TpCF<sub>3</sub>PC](Ar)(py), where TpCF<sub>3</sub>PP<sup>2-</sup> = meso-tetrakis(p-tr ... -
'I are in New York’: om tilegnelsen av samsvarsbøyning i engelsk blant innlærere med norskspråklig bakgrunn
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-02)Artikkelen diskuterer tilegnelsen av samsvarsbøyning (mellom subjekt og verbal) ved be i engelsk blant 12–13- og 15–16-åringer med norsk språkbakgrunn. Det legges fram data fra the Corpus of Young Learner Language som tyder på at en del 12–13-åringer overgeneraliserer formen are i presens, mens innlærere fra begge aldersgrupper overgeneraliserer was i preteritum. Mens overgeneraliseringa av are ...