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    • Body weight and composition endpoints in cancer cachexia clinical trials: Systematic Review 4 of the cachexia endpoints series 

      Brown, Leo R.; Sousa, Mariana S.; Yule, Michael S.; Baracos, Vickie E.; McMillan, Donald C.; Arends, Jann; Balstad, Trude Rakel; Bye, Asta; Dajani, Olav; Dolan, Ross D.; Fallon, Marie T.; Greil, Christine; Hjermstad, Marianne Jensen; Jakobsen, Gunnhild; Maddocks, Matthew; McDonald, James; Ottestad, Inger; Phillips, Iain; Sayers, Judith; Simpson, Melanie Rae; Vagnildhaug, Ola Magne; Solheim, Tora S; Laird, Barry J; Skipworth, Richard J.E. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-13)
      Significant variation exists in the outcomes used in cancer cachexia trials, including measures of body composition, which are often selected as primary or secondary endpoints. To date, there has been no review of the most commonly selected measures or their potential sensitivity to detect changes resulting from the interventions being examined. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the ...

    • Hagfish genome elucidates vertebrate whole-genome duplication events and their evolutionary consequences 

      Yu, Daqi; Ren, Yandong; Uesaka, Masahiro; Beavan, Alan; Muffato, Matthieu; Shen, Jieyu; Li, Yongxin; Sato, Iori; Wan, Wenting; Clark, James; Keating, Joseph; Carlisle, Emily; Dearden, Richard; Giles, Sam; Randle, Emma; Sansom, Robert; Feuda, Roberto; Fleming, James Frederick; Sugahara, Fumiaki; Cummins, Carla; Patricio, Mateus; Akanni, Wasiu; D'Aniello, Salvatore; Bertolucci, Christiano; Irie, Naoki; Alev, Cantas; Sheng, Guojun; de Mendoza, Alex; Maeso, Ignacio; Irimia, Manuel; Fromm, Bastian; Peterson, Kevin J; Das, Sabyasachi; Hirano, Masayuki; Rast, Jonathan P; Cooper, Max; Paps, Jordi; Pisani, Davide; Kuratani, Shigeru; Martin, Fergal J.; Wang, Wen; Donoghue, Philip C J; Zhang, Yong E.; Pascual-Anaya, Juan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-12)
      Polyploidy or whole-genome duplication (WGD) is a major event that drastically reshapes genome architecture and is often assumed to be causally associated with organismal innovations and radiations. The 2R hypothesis suggests that two WGD events (1R and 2R) occurred during early vertebrate evolution. However, the timing of the 2R event relative to the divergence of gnathostomes ( jawed vertebrates) ...

    • Targeted temperature control following traumatic brain injury: ESICM/NACCS best practice consensus recommendations 

      Lavinio, Andrea; Coles, Jonathan P.; Robba, Chiara; Aries, Marcel; Bouzat, Pierre; Chean, Dara; K Frisvold, Shirin; Galarza, Laura; Helbok, Raimund; Hermanides, Jeroen; van der Jagt, Mathieu; Menon, David K.; Meyfroidt, Geert; Payen, Jean-Francois; Poole, Daniele; Rasulo, Frank; Rhodes, Jonathan; Sidlow, Emily; Steiner, Luzius A.; Taccone, Fabio Silvio; Takala, Riikka (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-20)
      Aims and scope The aim of this panel was to develop consensus recommendations on targeted temperature control (TTC) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and in patients with moderate TBI who deteriorate and require admission to the intensive care unit for intracranial pressure (ICP) management.<p> <p>Methods A group of 18 international neuro-intensive care experts in the acute ...

    • Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Ecosystem 

      Fong, Allison A.; Hoppe, Clara J. M.; Aberle, Nicole; Ashjian, Carin; Assmy, Philipp Kurt Wolf; Bai, Youcheng; Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Balmonte, John Paul; Barry, Kevin; Bertilsson, Stefan; Boulton, William; Bowman, Jeff; Bozzato, Deborah; Bratbak, Gunnar; Buck, Moritz; Campbell, Robert G.; Castellani, Giulia; Chamberlain, Emelia J.; Chen, Jianfang; Chierici, Melissa; Cornils, Astrid; Creamean, Jessie; Damm, Ellen; Dethloff, Klaus; Droste, Elise S.; Ebenhöh, Oliver; Eggers, Sarah Lena; Engel, Anja; Flores, Hauke; Fransson, Agneta; Frickenhaus, Stephan; Gardner, Jessie; Gelfman, Cecilia E.; Granskog, Mats; Graeve, Martin; Havermans, Charlotte; Heuzé, Céline; Hildebrandt, Nicole; Hill, Thomas C. J.; Hoppema, Mario; Immerz, Antonia; Jin, Haiyan; Koch, Boris P.; Kong, Xianyu; Kraberg, Alexandra C.; Lan, Musheng; Lange, Benjamin Allen; Larsen, Aud; Lebreton, Benoit; Leu, Eva Susanne; Loose, Brice; Maslowski, Wieslaw; Mavis, Camille; Metfies, Katja; Mock, Thomas; Müller, Oliver; Marcel, Nicolaus; Niehoff, Barbara; Nomura, Daiki; Nöthig, Eva-Maria; Oggier, Marc; Oldenburg, Ellen; Olsen, Lasse Mork; Peeken, Ilka; Perovich, Donald K.; Popa, Ovidiu; Rabe, Benjamin; Ren, Jian; Rex, Markus; Rinke, Annette; Rokitta, Sebastian; Rost, Björn; Sakinan, Serdar S.; Salganik, Evgenii; Schaafsma, Fokje L.; Schäfer, Hendrik; Schmidt, Katrin; Shoemaker, Katyanne; Shupe, Matthew D.; Snoeijs-Leijonmalm, Pauline; Stefels, Jacqueline; Svenson, Anders; Tao, Ran; Sinhué, Torres-Valdés; Torstensson, Anders; Toseland, Andrew; Ulfsbo, Adam; Leeuwe, Maria A. van; Vortkamp, Martina; Webb, Alison L.; Zhuang, Yanpei; Gradinger, Rolf Rudolf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-21)
      The international and interdisciplinary sea-ice drift expedition “The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate” (MOSAiC) was conducted from October 2019 to September 2020. The aim of MOSAiC was to study the interconnected physical, chemical, and biological characteristics and processes from the atmosphere to the deep sea of the central Arctic system. The ecosystem team ...

    • Biomarker endpoints in cancer cachexia clinical trials: Systematic Review 5 of the cachexia endpoint series 

      Yule, Michael S.; Thompson, Joshua; Leesahatsawat, Khachonphat; Sousa, Mariana S.; Anker, Stefan D.; Arends, Jann; Balstad, Trude Rakel; Brown, Leo R.; Bye, Asta; Dajani, Olav; Fallon, Marie; Hjermstad, Marianne Jensen; Jakobsen, Gunnhild; McDonald, James; McGovern, Josh; Roeland, Eric J.; Sayers, Judith; Skipworth, Richard J.E.; Ottestad, Inger; Philips, Iain; Simpson, Melanie Rae; Solheim, Tora S; Vagnildhaug, Ola Magne; McMillan, Donald; Laird, Barry J; Dolan, Ross D. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-23)
      Regulatory agencies require evidence that endpoints correlate with clinical benefit before they can be used to approve drugs. Biomarkers are often considered surrogate endpoints. In cancer cachexia trials, the measurement of biomarkers features frequently. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the frequency and diversity of biomarker endpoints in cancer cachexia trials. A comprehensive ...

    • Governance for Earth system tipping points – A research agenda 

      Milkoreit, Manjana; Boyd, Emily; Constantino, Sara M.; Hausner, Vera Helene; Hessen, Dag Olav; Kääb, Andreas; McLaren, Duncan; Nadeau, Christina; O'Brien, Karen; Parmentier, Frans-Jan W.; Rotbarth, Ronny; Rødven, Rolf; Treichler, Désirée; Rowe, Elana Tovah Wilson; Yamineva, Yulia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-06-12)
      Tipping points in the Earth system could be passed within the Paris Agreement's temperature goal range (1.5°C–2°C). Tipping processes are a feature of complex Earth system dynamics that present major governance challenges not addressed by existing global governance institutions. The common governance toolkit is a poor match for dealing with tipping processes, especially non-linear change, and radical ...

    • NOIRE-Net–a convolutional neural network for automatic classification and scaling of high-latitude ionograms 

      Kvammen, Andreas; Vierinen, Juha-Pekka; Huyghebaert, Devin Ray; Rexer, Theresa; Spicher, Andres; Gustavsson, Björn Johan; Floberg, Jens (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-06-03)
      Millions of ionograms are acquired annually to monitor the ionosphere. The accumulated data contain untapped information from a range of locations, multiple solar cycles, and various geomagnetic conditions. In this study, we propose the application of deep convolutional neural networks to automatically classify and scale high-latitude ionograms. A supervised approach is implemented and the networks ...

    • Dissipation Rates of Mesospheric Stratified Turbulence From Multistatic Meteor-Radar Observations 

      Vierinen, Juha-Pekka; Poblet, F.L.; Chau, J.L.; Avsarkisov, V.; Pecseli, Hans Laszlo; Tsutsumi, M.; Nozawa, S.; Johnsen, Magnar Gullikstad; Latteck, R.; Gulbrandsen, Njål (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-06-06)
      Stratified turbulence (ST) has been proposed as a model for the dynamics of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere (MLT) region. This theory postulates that for horizontal mesoscales (∼1–400 km), the kinetic energy of horizontal winds dissipates from large to small scales with an approximately mean constant rate. In this investigation, dissipation rates are quantified using meteor-radar observations ...

    • Age-adjusted CSF t-tau and NfL do not improve diagnostic accuracy for prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease 

      Knudtzon, Stephanie; Nordengen, Kaja; Grøntvedt, Gøril Rolfseng; Jarholm, Jonas Alexander; Eliassen, Ingvild Vøllo; Selnes, Per; Pålhaugen, Lene; Espenes, Johan Jacob; Gisladottir, Berglind; Waterloo, Knut K; Fladby, Tormod; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind Seljelid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-06-04)
      Cerebrospinal fluid total-tau (t-tau) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are biomarkers of neurodegeneration and are increased in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In order to adjust for age-related increases in t-tau and NfL, cross-sectional age-adjusted norms were developed based on amyloid negative cognitively normal (CN) adults aged 41–78 years (CN, n = 137). The age-adjusted norms for t-tau and NfL ...

    • Parenteral Nutrition in Palliative Cancer Care: Detrimental, Futile, or Beneficial? 

      Løhre, Erik Torbjørn; Solheim, Tora S; Jakobsen, Gunnhild; Vagnildhaug, Ola Magne; Karlsen, Terese Louise Schmidberger; Habberstad, Ragnhild Hansdatter; Balstad, Trude Rakel; Thronæs, Morten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-11)
      Palliative cancer care patients may live for a long time, but malnutrition worsens the prognosis. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is suitable for replenishing a calorie deficit, but its advantages and tolerance late in the cancer trajectory are debated. We examined symptom development in hospitalized patients with and without PN. A total of 21 palliative cancer care patients receiving PN and 155 ...

    • Impact of Prosigna test on adjuvant treatment decision in lymph node-negative early breast cancer—a prospective national multicentre study (EMIT-1) 

      Ohnstad, Hege Oma; Blix, Egil Støre; Akslen, Lars Andreas; Gilje, Bjørnar; Raj, Sunil Xavier; Skjerven, Helle; Borgen, Elin; Janssen, Emiel; Mortensen, Elin Synnøve; Brekke, Marianne B.; Falk, Ragnhild Sørum; Schlichting, Ellen; Boge, Beate; Songe-Møller, Silje; Olsson, Pernilla Marie A.; Heie, Anette; Mannsåker, Bård; Vestlid, Magdalena Aas; Kursetgjerde, Torgunn; Gravdehaug, Berit; Suhrke, Pål; Sánchez, E.; Bublevic, J.; Røe, Oluf Dimitri; Geitvik, Gry; Halset, Eline Holli; Rypdal, Maria Christine; Langerød, Anita; Lømo, Jon; Garred, Øystein; Porojnicu, Alina Carmen; Engebraaten, O.; Geisler, Jürgen; Lyngra, Marianne; Hansen, M. H.; Søiland, Håvard; Nakken, T.; Asphaug, Lars; Kristensen, Vessela N.; Sørlie, Therese; Nygård, Jan Franz; Kiserud, Cecilie E.; Reinertsen, Kristin Valborg; Russnes, Hege Elisabeth Giercksky; Naume, Bjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-04)
      Background: EMIT-1 is a national, observational, single-arm trial designed to assess the value of the Prosigna, Prediction Analysis of Microarray using the 50 gene classifier (PAM50)/Risk of Recurrence (ROR), test as a routine diagnostic tool, examining its impact on adjuvant treatment decisions, clinical outcomes, side-effects and cost-effectiveness. Here we present the impact on treatment ...

    • Plasmonic nano-bowls for monitoring intra-membrane changes in liposomes, and DNA-based nanocarriers in suspension 

      Das, Sathi; Tinguely, Jean-Claude; Obuobi, Sybil Akua Okyerewa; Skalko Basnet, Natasa; Saxena, Kanchan; Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh; Singh Mehta, Dalip (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-03-12)
      Programmable nanoscale carriers, such as liposomes and DNA, are readily being explored for personalized medicine or disease prediction and diagnostics. The characterization of these nanocarriers is limited and challenging due to their complex chemical composition. Here, we demonstrate the utilization of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which provides a unique molecular fingerprint of ...

    • Theoretical Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Metal-Metal Quintuple Bonds: Relativity-Driven Reordering of Frontier Orbitals 

      Ghosh, Abhik; Conradie, Jeanet (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-01)
      A recent reinvestigation of the gas-phase photoelectron spectra of Group 6 metal−metal quadruple-bonded complexes with scalar-relativistic DFT calculations showed that common exchange-correlation functionals reproduce the lowest ionization potentials in a semiquantitative manner. The finding encouraged us to undertake a DFT study of metal− metal quintuple bonds in a set of bisamidinato complexes ...

    • Jugoslaviske fanger i Norge 1942–1945. Fra SSʼ dødsarbeidsleirer til Wehrmachts krigsfangeleirer 

      Stokke, Michael (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-10-11)
      4049 jugoslaviske fanger var i tysk fangenskap i Norge fra 1942 til 1945. Fangene fra Jugoslavia var primært sendt til Norge for å bygge vei i Nord-Norge. Fangene var sivile og de fleste hadde vært partisaner. SS-offiserer med erfaring fra konsentrasjonsleirene i Tyskland ledet dødsarbeidsleirene. En av mine konklusjoner er at fangene kom til Norge for å arbeide og så dø. Etter ni måneder under SS ...

    • Child-Inclusive Mandatory Family Mediation in Norway: A sociocultural exploration of children’s participation 

      Grape, Lovise (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-10-11)
      <p><i>Introduction:</i> Family mediation should help separating parents make agreements that attend to the best interest of the child. Children can be included in this process. The aim of this dissertation is to explore the practise of child-inclusive family mediation in Norway on three interdependent planes: a personal, an interpersonal, and a cultural and institutional plane. These planes follow ...

    • Survival after docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in a rural health care setting 

      Nieder, Carsten; Stanisavljevic, Luka; Dalhaug, Astrid; Haukland, Ellinor Christin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-15)
      Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate overall survival of men who received systemic therapy with docetaxel for metastatic castrationresistant prostate cancer (MCRPC) in rural Nordland County, Norway. Prognostic factors related to treatment and other variables were evaluated.<p> <p>Material and methods: Overall, 132 pa tients were included in this retrospective study covering the ...

    • Healthy lifestyle change and all-cause and cancer mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort 

      Matta, Komodo; Viallon, Vivian; Botteri, Edoardo; Peveri, Giulia; Dahm, Christina; Nannsen, Anne Østergaard; Olsen, Anja; Tjønneland, Anne; Elbaz, Alexis; Artaud, Fanny; Marques, Chloé; Kaaks, Rudolf; Katzke, Verena; Schulze, Matthias B.; Llanaj, Erand; Masala, Giovanna; Pala, Valeria; Panico, Salvatore; Tumino, Rosario; Ricceri, Fulvio; Derksen, Jeroen W. G.; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Sandanger, Torkjel Manning; Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen; Quirós, J. Ramón; Castro-Espin, Carlota; Sánchez, Maria-José; Atxega, Amaia Aizpurua; Cirera, Lluís; Guevara, Marcela; Manjer, Jonas; Tin Tin, Sandar; Heath, Alicia; Touvier, Mathilde; Goldberg, Marcel; Weiderpass Vainio, Elisabete; Gunter, Marc J.; Freisling, Heinz; Riboli, Elio; Ferrari, Pietro (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-29)
      Background Healthy lifestyles are inversely associated with the risk of noncommunicable diseases, which are leading causes of death. However, few studies have used longitudinal data to assess the impact of changing lifestyle behaviours on all-cause and cancer mortality.<p> <p>Methods Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, lifestyle profiles of 308,497 ...

    • “I felt like a little kind of jolt of energy in my chest”: embodiment in learning in continuing professional development for general practitioners 

      Vestergaard, Stense Kromann; Risør, Torsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-29)
      Learning in medical education encompasses a broad spectrum of learning theories, and an embodiment perspective has recently begun to emerge in continuing professional development (CPD) for health professionals. However, empirical research into the experience of embodiment in learning in CPD is sparse, particularly in the practice of general medicine. In this study, we aimed to explore general ...

    • Testing Sexual Strategy Theory in Norway 

      Mehmetoglu, Mehmet; Määttänen, Ilmari; Mittner, Matthias Bodo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-24)
      Choosing a romantic partner for a long-term relationship is one of the most significant decisions one makes during our lifetime. We have inherited an evolved framework from our ancestors that contains traits, as well as preferences for these traits, to solve this task. We use this framework consciously or unconsciously to choose prospective romantic partners. Following this reasoning, sexual strategy ...

    • Dietitians' experiences of nutrition assessment via TeleNutrition: “Video-calls are better than phone-calls, but it's probably difficult for patients to show their ankles on the screen” 

      Einarsson, Sandra; Thoresen, Lene; Tobberup, Randi; Paur, Ingvild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-27)
      Background & Aims: Nutrition assessment is integral to dietetic practice. TeleNutrition enabled dietitians to continue nutrition care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic but created challenges with undertaking nutrition assessment. The aim of the present study was to describe how dietitians in three Nordic countries perceived their nutrition assessment practice when physically distant from ...