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dc.contributor.authorStenni, Barbara
dc.contributor.authorCurran, Mark A.J.
dc.contributor.authorAbram, Nerilie J.
dc.contributor.authorOrsi, Anais
dc.contributor.authorGoursaud, Sentia
dc.contributor.authorMasson-Delmotte, Valerie
dc.contributor.authorNeukom, Raphael
dc.contributor.authorGoosse, Hugues
dc.contributor.authorDivine, Dmitry V
dc.contributor.authorVan Ommen, Tas
dc.contributor.authorSteig, Eric J.
dc.contributor.authorDixon, Daniel A.
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Elizabeth R.
dc.contributor.authorBertler, Nancy A.N.
dc.contributor.authorIsaksson, Elisabeth
dc.contributor.authorEkaykin, Alexey
dc.contributor.authorWerner, Martin
dc.contributor.authorFrezzotti, Massimo
dc.date.accessioned2018-04-17T13:26:37Z
dc.date.available2018-04-17T13:26:37Z
dc.date.issued2017-11-17
dc.description.abstractClimate trends in the Antarctic region remain poorly characterized, owing to the brevity and scarcity of direct climate observations and the large magnitude of interannual to decadal-scale climate variability. Here, within the framework of the PAGES Antarctica2k working group, we build an enlarged database of ice core water stable isotope records from Antarctica, consisting of 112 records. We produce both unweighted and weighted isotopic (δ 18O) composites and temperature reconstructions since 0 CE, binned at 5- and 10-year resolution, for seven climatically distinct regions covering the Antarctic continent. Following earlier work of the Antarctica2k working group, we also produce composites and reconstructions for the broader regions of East Antarctica, West Antarctica and the whole continent. We use three methods for our temperature reconstructions: (i) a temperature scaling based on the δ 18O–temperature relationship output from an ECHAM5-wiso model simulation nudged to ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalyses from 1979 to 2013, and adjusted for the West Antarctic Ice Sheet region to borehole temperature data, (ii) a temperature scaling of the isotopic normalized anomalies to the variance of the regional reanalysis temperature and (iii) a composite-plusscaling approach used in a previous continent-scale reconstruction of Antarctic temperature since 1 CE but applied to the new Antarctic ice core database. Our new reconstructions confirm a significant cooling trend from 0 to 1900 CE across all Antarctic regions where records extend back into the 1st millennium, with the exception of the Wilkes Land coast and Weddell Sea coast regions. Within this long-term cooling trend from 0 to 1900 CE, we find that the warmest period occurs between 300 and 1000 CE, and the coldest interval occurs from 1200 to 1900 CE. Since 1900 CE, significant warming trends are identified for the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, the Dronning Maud Land coast and the Antarctic Peninsula regions, and these trends are robust across the distribution of records that contribute to the unweighted isotopic composites and also significant in the weighted temperature reconstructions. Only for the Antarctic Peninsula is this most recent century-scale trend unusual in the context of natural variability over the last 2000 years. However, projected warming of the Antarctic continent during the 21st century may soon see significant and unusual warming develop across other parts of the Antarctic continent. The extended Antarctica2k ice core isotope database developed by this working group opens up many avenues for developing a deeper understanding of the response of Antarctic climate to natural and anthropogenic climate forcings. The first long-term quantification of regional climate in Antarctica presented herein is a basis for data–model comparison and assessments of past, present and future driving factors of Antarctic climate.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Australian Research Council through Discovery Project DP140102059. The PNRA (Italian Antarctic Research Programme) IPICS-2kyr-It project. Raphael Neukom is funded by the Swiss NSF (Ambizione grant PZ00P2_154802).en_US
dc.descriptionSource at: <a href=https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1609-2017> https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1609-2017 </a>en_US
dc.identifier.citationStenni, B., Curran, M. A. J., Abram, N. J., Orsi, A., Goursaud, S., Masson-Delmotte, V., ... Frezzotti, M. (2017). Antarctic climate variability on regional and continental scales over the last 2000 years. Climate of the Past, 13(11), 1609-1634. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1609-2017en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1546004
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/cp-13-1609-2017
dc.identifier.issn1814-9324
dc.identifier.issn1814-9332
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/12536
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherEuropean Geosciences Union (EGU)en_US
dc.relation.journalClimate of the Past
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450en_US
dc.titleAntarctic climate variability on regional and continental scales over the last 2000 yearsen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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