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norskFakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi
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Southern Ocean Carbon Export Revealed by Backscatter and Oxygen Measurements From BGC-Argo Floats
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-04-28)The Southern Ocean (south of 30°S) contributes significantly to global ocean carbon uptake through the solubility, physical and biological pumps. Many studies have estimated carbon export to the deep ocean, but very few have attempted a basin-scale perspective, or accounted for the sea-ice zone (SIZ). In this study, we use an extensive array of BGC-Argo floats to improve previous estimates of carbon ... -
eU2U: Energy-efficient Wireless Charging and Trajectory Design for IoT Data Collection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-05-05)Thanks to their high maneuverability, high flexibility, and low cost, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used for data collection in the Internet of Things (IoT). To deal with UAV's onboard battery limitation, UAV-to-UAV (U2U) wireless charging mechanism emerges as a promising solution for extending flight distance and reducing mission completion time. However, U2U charging mechanisms ... -
Study of the energy consumption and duration of a Cyber-Physical System reconfiguration in the Arctic Tundra: from experiments on real infrastructure to extensive simulations
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-23)Cyber-Physical systems (CPS) deployed in scarce-resource environments like the Arctic Tundra for in-situ and long-term observation face extreme conditions. Nodes deployed on the field are under a limited energy budget. To save energy and increase their lifetimes, nodes are forced to alternate between short uptime periods and long sleeping periods. Uptime schedules depend notably on observation tasks ... -
Arctic fjord ecosystem adaptation to cryosphere meltdown over the past 14,000 years
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-04-25)The Arctic cryosphere is the epicentre of acute global change impact, with abrupt warming and amplification driving rapid sea ice decline and irreversible glacial ice loss. A key challenge is understanding how the cryosphere meltdown will impact Arctic marine carbon cycles and ecosystems. Here, we use organic geochemical biomarkers to trace the contribution of different planktonic groups to organic ... -
Tectonic evolution of the North Norwegian Caledonides in the North Troms region. A structural, metamorphic, geochemical and geochronological analysis of the Balsfjord Group and Nakkedal Nappe Complex as parts of the north Norwegian nappe assembly
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-22)This thesis presents new data for the geological units of the Balsfjord Group and Nakkedal Nappe Complex that are part of the North Norwegian Caledonides. The Balsfjord Group has been shown to feature a complex structural history including four stages of progressive deformation labelled as S0–1–S4 where S2 represents the main metamorphic foliation. It also exhibits a significant rotation of the ... -
Ultrasound & Photoacoustic Microscopy for Biomedical Applications
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-21)<p>Ultrasound and photoacoustic microscopy hold great promise for deep tissue imaging with high resolution, offering different applications in biological research. The primary aim of this thesis is to perform correlative photoacoustic and ultrasound microscopy experiments on various biological samples. <p>This thesis discusses multiple imaging modes, including A-scan, B-scan, and C-scan, each ... -
Cost-Efficient Vehicular Edge Computing Deployment for Mobile Air Pollution Monitoring
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-07-03)Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC) emerges as a rem-edy to achieve flexible and fine-grained air pollution monitoring, where vehicles equipped with onboard sensors can sense, process, calibrate and store air pollutants on the drive, and roadside units (RSUs) can be deployed for vehicles to offload data via low-cost vehicle-to-RSU (V2R) communication. However, existing VEC-based air pollution monitoring ... -
Reactive Power Observability for Improved Voltage Stability and Loadability: A Detailed Review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-13)In power grid modernisation, optimal network use is essential to preserving acceptable voltage profiles, boosting voltage stability, reducing power losses, and strengthening system security and dependability. This can be accomplished by strategically placing reactive power compensation devices within transmission and distribution networks, such as capacitor banks, synchronous condensers, flexible ... -
A constellation of mud volcanoes originated from a buried Arctic mega-slide, Southwestern Barents Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-04-30)Global estimates on the number of submarine mud volcanoes are highly uncertain, as well as their role in the deep-sea biosphere and methane budgets. Here, we report the discovery of ten Arctic mud volcanoes in the Barents Sea (440–480 m depth), where only two had been previously known. The new mud volcanoes form flat-topped mounds on the seafloor and are connected to seismic chimneys rooted within ... -
Trading off regional and overall energy system design flexibility in the net-zero transition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025)Thetransitiontonet-zeroemissionsinEuropeisdeterminedbyapatchworkofcountry-levelandEUwide policy, creating coordination challenges in an interconnected system. We use an optimisation model to mapoutnear-optimal energy system designs for 2050, focussing on the planning flexibility of individual regions while maintaining overall system robustness against different weather years, cost assumptions, and ... -
Customizable and Programmable Deep Learning
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2024-12-02)In this study, we explore the potential of pre-trained deep learning models, proposing a new approach that emphasizes their reusability and adaptability. Our framework, termed “customizable” deep learning, facilities users to seamlessly integrate diverse pre-trained models for addressing new tasks and enhancing existing solutions. Furthermore, we introduce a “programmable” adapter that enables the ... -
Attention Seekers U-Net with Mamba for Sub-cellular Segmentation
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2024-12-04)Accurate segmentation of subcellular structures from microscopy images is crucial for understanding cellular processes and functions, but it presents significant challenges due to factors such as noise, low signal-to-noise ratios, limited resolution, and complex spatial arrangements. To address these challenges, we introduce CMU-Net, a novel hybrid architecture that combines the strengths of U-Net, ... -
Coordination-Free Replicated Datalog Streams with Application-Specific Availability
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-09-01)Data are continuously generated, processed and consumed everywhere. However, the computing devices may be disconnected from the network. We want the disconnection to have as little impact on the availability of data as possible. This paper presents an approach to transform a sequential Datalog program into a distributed one. The distributed program meets the specified availability and fault-tolerance ... -
Glacier releases of heavy metals in Kongsfjorden: What are the ecosystem impacts?
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2025-01)While climate change is of global concern, its impacts are especially rapid and pronounced in Arctic ecosystems. Arctic glaciers have been particularly impacted, with increasing melt and retreat in conjunction with shifts in riverine freshwater and sediment discharge. Arctic fjords are the ultimate recipients of glacial discharge and a plethora of heavy metals released from glacial environments. ... -
Hvordan kan elevers oppfatninger om matematikk og motivasjon for å lære matematikk knyttes til utforskende undervisning? Et perspektiv fra SUM-prosjektet
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024)Lærerne som deltok i SUM-prosjektet (se kapittel 5) prøvde ut ulike utforskende aktiviteter i matematikklassene de underviste, og datamaterialet som har blitt samlet inn gjennom SUM-prosjektet inkluderer blant annet observasjoner av undervisningsøkter, intervjuer med utvalgte elever i etterkant av slike undervisningsøkter og spørreskjema besvart av elevene mot slutten av prosjektperioden. I dette ... -
Hvilken utvikling kan vi se hos lærerne som deltok i SUM-prosjektet?
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024)Et mål med SUM-prosjektet (nærmere beskrevet i kapittel 5) var å legge til rette for at lærere skulle utvikle sin undervisningskompetanse innen utforskende matematikkundervisning. Forrige kapittel identifiserte noen konkrete aspekter ved organiseringen av SUM-prosjektet som ga muligheter for en slik utvikling, samt potensielle hindringer/barrierer som man også må ta hensyn til. Men i hvor stor grad ... -
Geology of Svalbard: Deep-time and Deep-Earth (SVALGEOL)
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2025-01-20)Geology is omnipresent in Svalbard, defining among other parameters the location of all major settlements. The SVALGEOL chapter provides an overview of the geology of Svalbard, and how it influences local and global society. We briefly describe the history of geological exploration and mapping of Svalbard, before outlining the various data sets geoscientists use in their work. We then focus on two ... -
Sustainable Commercial Fishery Control Using Multimedia Forensics Data from Non-trusted, Mobile Edge Nodes
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024)Uncontrolled over-fishing has been exemplified by the UN as a serious ecological challenge and a major threat to sustainable food supplies. Emerging trends within governing bodies point towards digital solutions by deploying CCTV-based video monitoring systems on a large scale. We conjecture that such systems are not feasible when reliant on satellite broadband in remote areas, and expose workers ... -
Real-Time Blood Glucose Prediction Reveals a Discrepancy Between Performance Metrics and Real-World Evaluations
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-09-13)This study evaluates machine learning (ML) algorithms for predicting blood glucose (BG) levels, essential in real-time robotic diabetes control systems that integrate insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitors, and potentially additional sensors. Our objective is to use real-time deployment insights to guide future algorithm design. While existing research presents algorithms with strong performance ... -
Fast Choreography of Cross-DevOps Reconfiguration with Ballet: A Multi-Site OpenStack Case Study
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-07-16)In the context of Edge Computing or Cyber-Physical Systems, cross-functional, and cross-geographical DevOps teams are in charge of automating deployments, configuration, and management (i.e., reconfiguration) of complex, large-scale, highly dynamic, and geo-distributed service-oriented software systems. In this context, DevOps teams cannot reasonably manually coordinate their reconfiguration operations ...
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