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norskFakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi
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Computational Approach to Molecular Reactivity of Transition Metal Complexes
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-10-25)<p>Transition metal (TM) catalysts are indispensable in industrial operations and organic synthesis due to their unique properties, such as variable oxidation states, rich coordination chemistry, and ability to enable electron transfer processes. These properties allow them to activate a diverse range of substrates by lowering activation energies, and the catalysts can be fine-tuned to enhance chemo-, ... -
Nickel Catalyzed Carbonylative Cross Coupling for Direct Access to Isotopically Labeled Alkyl Aryl Ketones
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-08-15)Here we present an effective nickel-catalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling for direct access to alkyl aryl ketones from readily accessible redox-activated tetrachlorophthalimide esters and aryl boronic acids. The methodology, which is run employing only 2.5 equivalents of CO and simple Ni(II) salts as the metal source, exhibits a broad substrate scope under mild conditions. Furthermore, this ... -
Assessing the Transferability of Neural Network-Based Sea Ice Classification between the Arctic and Antarctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-05)In this study, we trained a supervised neural network for sea ice classification using X-band SAR images obtained during an Antarctic fieldwork campaign and applied it to Arctic X-band data acquired during sea ice fieldwork campaigns. The results revealed a pronounced correlation between the predicted sea ice class and measured snow depth in the Arctic. This correlation is likely attributed to the ... -
On the use of the polarization difference to separate young from deformed sea ice in L- and C-band SAR
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-05)Separation between deformed sea ice and high-backscatter young ice (YI) areas is one of the remaining challenges for automatic classification of sea ice types in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. While high-backscatter areas are usually interpreted and classified as deformed sea ice or multi-year ice, they may at times be new ice or YI areas with a rough surface due to frost flowers, snow crusts, ... -
In-hospital Mortality, Readmission, and Prolonged Length of Stay Risk Prediction Leveraging Historical Electronic Patient Records
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-14)Objective - This study aimed to investigate the predictive capabilities of historical patient records to predict patient adverse outcomes such as mortality, readmission, and prolonged length of stay (PLOS).<p> <p>Methods - Leveraging a de-identified dataset from a tertiary care university hospital, we developed an eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework combining tree-based and ... -
Exploring Pain Reduction through Physical Activity: A Case Study of Seven Fibromyalgia Patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-29)Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease that affects a considerable fraction of the global population, primarily women. Physical activity is often recommended as a tool to manage the symptoms. In this study, we tried to replicate a positive result of pain reduction through physical activity. After collecting pain and physical activity data from seven women with fibromyalgia, one patient experienced ... -
Inquiry-Based Linear Algebra Teaching and Learning in a Flipped Classroom Framework: A Case Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-17)Flipped Classroom (FC) approaches, which utilize video distribution via modern internet platforms, have recently gained interest as a pedagogical framework. Inquiry Based Mathematics Education (IBME) has proven to be a valid form of task design to motivate active learning and enhance classroom interactivity. This article presents a practical combination of introductory videos and inquiry-based class ... -
Computational Study of the Ir-Catalyzed Formation of Allyl Carbamates from CO2
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-05)We have employed computational methods to investigate the iridium-catalyzed allylic substitution leading to the formation of enantioenriched allyl carbamates from carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). The reaction occurs in several steps, with initial formation of an iridium-allyl, followed by nucleophilic attack by the carbamate formed in situ from CO<sub>2</sub> and an amine. A detailed isomeric analysis ... -
Convergence rates for sums-of-squares hierarchies with correlative sparsity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-25)This work derives upper bounds on the convergence rate of the moment-sum-of-squares hierarchy with correlative sparsity for global minimization of polynomials on compact basic semialgebraic sets. The main conclusion is that both sparse hierarchies based on the Schmüdgen and Putinar Positivstellensätze enjoy a polynomial rate of convergence that depends on the size of the largest clique in the sparsity ... -
Block-matching and 3D filtering-based denoising of acoustic images obtained through point contact excitation and detection method
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-13)A novel experimental method based on the Coulomb coupling technique is used for visualizing the interaction of ultrasonic waves in PZT (Lead Zirconate Titanate - (Pb[ZrxTi1-x]O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1)) ceramic materials. The method of excitation and detection through a point contact produces representations of propagating wave vectors in the time domain as a series of images. In the acoustic image, several ... -
Revisiting the mechanism of asymmetric Ni-catalyzed reductive carbo-carboxylation with CO2: The additives affect the product selectivity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-25)The mechanistic details of the asymmetric Ni-catalyzed reductive cyclization/carboxylation of alkenes with CO2 have been revisited using DFT methods. Emphasis was put on the enantioselectivity and the mechanistic role of Lewis acid additives and in situ formed salts. Our results show that oxidative addition of the substrate is rate-limiting, with the formed Ni(II)-aryl intermediate preferring a ... -
Major tunnel valleys and sedimentation changes document extensive Early Pleistocene glaciations of the Barents Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-02)Sedimentary records of Early Pleistocene (~2.6–0.8 Ma) glaciations are sparse on shelves, yet trough mouth fans on adjacent continental slopes provide a continuous record of ice-sheet and climate development throughout the Quaternary. Here, we interpret high-quality 3D seismic reflection data combined with borehole and chronostratigraphic information from a shelf-slope setting in the southwestern ... -
Edward W. Said: Not so lost reflections On Lost Causes such as the one-state solution
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-22)The article examines the enduring relevance of Edward Said's perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, juxtaposing contemporary challenges with Said's visionary advocacy for a one-state solution. The analysis delves into the complexities of the evolving Middle East dynamics, emphasising the need to reconsider alternative frameworks. Central to our analysis is Said's intellectual ethos, which ... -
Pliocene-Pleistocene warm-water incursions and water mass changes on the Ross Sea continental shelf (Antarctica) based on foraminifera from IODP Expedition 374
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-11)International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 374 sailed to the Ross Sea in 2018 to reconstruct paleoenvironments, track the history of key water masses, and assess model simulations that show warm-water incursions from the Southern Ocean led to the loss of marine-based Antarctic ice sheets during past interglacials. IODP Site U1523 (water depth 828 m) is located at the continental shelf ... -
Converting for terrorist purposes: challenging the conceptual unidirectionality of the threat
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-08)Terrorism is typically included among the grave societal challenges resulting from radicalisation of certain groups. The phrase ‘radical converts’ typically evokes an image of a convert to Islam, whereas an individual converting from Islam to other religions is not associated with a terrorist threat. When it comes to threat assessment, the conversion of Christianity to Islam is typically deemed a ... -
Preparation of a high-coordinated-silicon-centered spiro-cyclic compound
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-10)Silicon compounds containing silicon–silicon bond with a variety of unusual oxidation states are quite important, because their high reactivity leads to the formation of a variety of silicon compounds. The isolation of such compounds with unusual oxidation states requires a resilient synthetic strategy. Herein, we report the synthesis of a silicon based spirocyclic compound containing a hyper-valent ... -
2-D Total Electron Content and 3-D Ionospheric Electron Density Variations During the 14 October 2023 Annular Solar Eclipse
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-18)This study investigates the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) responses in the 2‐D spatial domain and electron density variations in the 3‐D spatial domain during the annular solar eclipse on 14 October 2023, using ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations, a novel TEC‐based ionospheric data assimilation system (TIDAS), ionosonde measurements, and satellite in ... -
SARS-CoV2 Nsp1 is a metal-dependent DNA and RNA endonuclease
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-28)Over recent years, we have been living under a pandemic, caused by the rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). One of the major virulence factors of Coronaviruses is the Non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1), known to suppress the host cells protein translation machinery, allowing the virus to produce its own proteins, propagate and invade new cells. To ... -
The Value of Sentinel-1 Ocean Wind Fields Component for the Study of Polar Lows
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-10)Polar lows can pose serious threats to maritime operations and coastal communities in polar regions, especially due to their extreme wind speeds. The accurate and reliable representation of their wind field thus plays a crucial role in forecasting and mitigating the risks associated with this phenomenon. This study aims to evaluate the value of the SAR-based Sentinel-1 Ocean Wind Field product ... -
Morphological analysis of mass-transport deposits in Cenozoic sediments at the Southern Vøring Margin
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-08-30)This thesis builds an evolutionary history of recent times for a region of the Southern Vøring margin west of the Vigrid Syncline, focusing mainly on the morphological traits of mass-transport complexes and selected internal structures. The scenario covers the last 0.8 million years, the three later periods of Naust time. Preliminary research was done on pertinent geological processes and features ...
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