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norskFakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi
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Role of Onshore Operation Centre and Operator in Remote Controlled Autonomous Vessels Operation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024)The need for more skilled human resources and higher operational costs in conventional shipping will create the need for autonomous shipping. To make autonomous shipping a reality, the shipping industry will require building supportive infrastructure and facilities to ensure the safe operations of future autonomous vessels. To provide necessary support functions in autonomous vessel operations is ... -
Associations between dietary patterns and risk factors for cardiovascular disease
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-03-04)<p>In this thesis, the association between dietary patterns and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases was investigated using data from the seventh Tromsø Study (Tromsø7). A total of 21,083 individuals aged 40 years and older participated in Tromsø7. Approximately 10,000 of these participants completed 90% or more of the food frequency questionnaire. Their responses formed the foundation of our ... -
An UltraMNIST classification benchmark to train CNNs for very large images
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-12)Current convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are not designed for large scientific images with rich multi-scale features, such as in satellite and microscopy domain. A new phase of development of CNNs especially designed for large images is awaited. However, application-independent high-quality and challenging datasets needed for such development are still missing. We present the ‘UltraMNIST ... -
Compliance by Design in AI Systems – Towards Compliance with Data Protection Regulation, The AI Act, and Cybersecurity Regulations in AI System Development and Deployment
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-03-07)<p>"Without prejudice to" is a term frequently used in EU technology regulations. Regulation 2024/1689 (The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act) is "without prejudice to" the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and recent cybersecurity regulations such as the Network and Information Security (NIS) 2 Directive and the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) are without prejudice to both the GDPR and the AI ... -
Hydroclimate intensification likely aided glacier survival on Svalbard in the Early Holocene
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-02-11)Accelerated Arctic warming and wetting has global impacts, as the region’s glaciers and ice caps respond to variations in temperature and precipitation, impacting global sea-level change. But as the observations needed to calibrate models are scarce, predictions cannot confirm if increases in snowfall can help offset melt. Here, we analyze two 14,000-year-long glacier-fed lake sediment records ... -
Lithospheric mantle heterogeneity beneath the Siberian craton: Evidence from garnet xenocryst database with implications for kimberlite compositions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-22)This contribution reports some 16,000 major and minor element analyses of garnet xenocrysts derived from 18 (out of the 21 known) kimberlite fields of the Yakutian Kimberlite Province (YaKP) on the Siberian craton in Russia. Using TiO<sub>2</sub>–in–garnet as an indicator of heterogeneity within the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), as well as garnet mg# (mg#=Mg<sup>2+</sup>/(Mg<sup>2+</s ... -
Online Learning under Haphazard Input Conditions: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-04-07)The domain of online learning has experienced multifaceted expansion owing to its prevalence in real-life applications. Nonetheless, this progression operates under the assumption that the input feature space of the streaming data remains constant. In this survey paper, we address the topic of online learning in the context of haphazard inputs, explicitly foregoing such an assumption. We discuss, ... -
Carbon cycling during the India-Asia collision revealed by δ26Mg–δ66Zn–δ98Mo evidence from ultrapotassic volcanoes in NW Tibet
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-18)India-Asia continental collision–induced volcanic gas emissions are thought to have played an important role in driving Cenozoic atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> variations, yet the details of how the deep carbon cycle may influence volcanic CO<sub>2</sub> degassing are not understood. We present a novel study employing Mg-Zn-Mo isotopic compositions of Cenozoic ultrapotassic lavas from NW Tibet. The ... -
Proglacial methane emissions driven by meltwater and groundwater flushing in a high-Arctic glacial catchment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-02-06)Glacial groundwater is a conduit for geologic methane release in areas of glacier retreat on Svalbard, representing a large, climate-sensitive source of the greenhouse gas. Methane emissions from glacial melt rivers are known to occur in other regions of the Arctic, but such emissions have not yet been considered on Svalbard. Over the summer of 2021, we monitored methane concentrations in the ... -
Crustal Heterogeneity Onshore Central Spitsbergen: Insights From New Gravity and Vintage Geophysical Data
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-01-23)Gravity data provide constraints on lateral subsurface density variations and thus provide crucial insights into the geological evolution of the region. Previously, gravity data from the Norwegian Arctic archipelago of Svalbard comprised an onshore regional gravity database with coarse station spacing of 2–20 km, offshore gravity profiles acquired in some fjords, airborne gravity, and satellite ... -
Links between Calcite Kimberlite, Aillikite and Carbonatite in West Greenland: Numeric Modeling of Compositional Relationships
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-05)Textural, mineralogical and mineral compositional observations in a suite of Neoproterozoic aillikite and calcite kimberlite dykes from southern West Greenland point to consistent variations in melt major element compositions amongst these silica-undersaturated magma types. The aillikites have notably higher bulk SiO<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O/CO<sub>2</sub> and K<sub>2</sub>O compared ... -
The newly discovered Attu carbonatite of West Greenland: A Mesoproterozoic dyke intrusion enriched in primary Sr-Ba-REE minerals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-22)A newly discovered ca. 1.5 Ga old carbonatite dyke in central West Greenland is characterized by very high contents of rare earth elements (REE), Sr and Ba (up to 12.4 wt% total REE, 14.6 wt% SrO and 12.4 wt% BaO). The dyke occurrence is named ‘Attu carbonatite’ after the nearby village Attu. The carbonatite is primarily composed of carbonate minerals such as Sr-rich calcite (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) and ... -
Photonics of Hydrothermally Treated β-Lactoglobulin Amyloids
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-24)Increased temperature and high pressure are applied to β-lactoglobulin fibrils in the autoclave, resulting in the acquisition of a composite material comprised of partially disassembled amyloid fibrils and carbon dots. Confirmation of the preservation of the β-sheet motif attributed to amyloids in the hydrothermally treated fibrils is obtained through wide-angle X-ray scattering and ThT assay. Z-scan ... -
Site specific avalanche warning for settlements in Northern Norway: Twenty years of the Northern Norway Avalanche Surveillance Program
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09)Northern Norway experienced an intensely snow rich winter in 1997 when settled snow heights reached a record 240 cm at the weather station in Tromsø on April 29th. Numerous avalanches, settlement evacuations, and two fatalities in a destroyed house in the settlement of Breivikeidet left the public exhausted at the end of the winter. The chaotic response to avalanche events during the season demonstrated ... -
Sea ice variability from the penultimate glacial to the last interglacial in the Eastern Fram Strait
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-01-28)The ongoing reduction of Arctic sea ice underscores the need to understand the drivers behind sea ice variability and associated ocean-climate impacts. The Last Interglacial, Marine Isotope (sub)Stage (MIS) 5e, and its transitions offer insights into sea ice variability during a period warmer than pre-industrial, and intervals of large climatic changes. This study examines a marine sediment core ... -
The Elusive Congo Craton Margin During Gondwana Breakup: Insights from Lithospheric Mantle Structure and Heat Flow beneath the Xaudum Kimberlite Province, NW Botswana
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-16)The continental lithospheric mantle (CLM) beneath the southern margin of the Congo craton has remained elusive, mainly because of the thick Phanerozoic sedimentary cover concealing possible kimberlite and lamproite diatremes. In this study, we explore this lithospheric mantle section using major and trace element compositions of mantle-derived clinopyroxene and garnet xenocrysts from kimberlites of ... -
Evidence in the Air - Exploring the Implementation and Experiences with Evidence-Based Training in Scandinavia
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-11-01)This thesis investigates the adoption of Evidence-Based Training (EBT) across the Scandinavian aviation sector, focusing on the voluntary implementation under European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) regulations. It examines the perceptions and experiences of Scandinavian aviation operators with EBT, highlighting the factors that influence their decisions to adopt or reject the innovative training ... -
Investigation of Multilayers in Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-02-21)<p>Understanding the influence of the Sun and space on the Earth's atmosphere is of current interest, as it may be valuable in the context of global climate change research. Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSE) are phenomenona that rely on the presence of ice particles, offering insights into the mesosphere's temperature and water vapor content. This thesis aimed to investigate PMSE in the upper ... -
The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 5.0
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-21)Knowledge about seafloor depth, or bathymetry, is crucial for various marine activities, including scientific research, offshore industry, safety of navigation, and ocean exploration. Mapping the central Arctic Ocean is challenging due to the presence of perennial sea ice, which limits data collection to icebreakers, submarines, and drifting ice stations. The International Bathymetric Chart of the ... -
Norwegian Sea Oceanic Basin and Prograded Margins Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-01)The Norwegian Sea oceanic basins and prograded margins have developed since NE Atlantic break-up in the earliest Eocene. Significant amounts of sediments were fed to the regionally subsiding and widening Norwegian Sea during the Cenozoic as a result of several phases of uplift and erosion of the bounding shelves and their hinterland. Despite an overall passive-margin evolution, the area experienced ...
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