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norskFakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi
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On the Identification of the Dayside Auroral Region Using Incoherent Scatter Radar
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-22)This paper presents a robust method combining electron temperatures and density to identify the winter dayside auroral region in Incoherent Scatter Radar (ISR) observations. In literature, a common proxy for identifying the dayside auroral region has been enhanced electron temperatures T<sub>e</sub> at high altitudes. However, T<sub>e</sub> is intimately related to N<sub>e</sub> and their ... -
Towards the Best Solution for Complex System Reliability: Can Statistics Outperform Machine Learning?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-11)Studying the reliability of complex systems using machine learning techniques involves facing a series of technical and practical challenges, ranging from the intrinsic nature of the system and data to the difficulties in modeling and effectively deploying models in real-world scenarios. This study compares the effectiveness of classical statistical techniques and machine learning methods for ... -
Suspended nanophotonic waveguide for isotope-specific CO2 detection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-11)The spectroscopic detection of gases and their stable isotopes holds significant value in bio-sciences and climate studies. However, achieving high precision has long been confined to bulky and costly equipment. In this work, we introduce a nanophotonic waveguide that is capable of detecting CO<sub>2</sub> gas down to 20 parts per billion, and for the first time perform accurate stable isotope ratio ... -
Ocean Surface Current Uncertainty Quantification via Drift Modeling and Spaceborne Retrieved Radial Velocities
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-01-29)Ocean surface current is an essential ocean state variable in operational oceanography. They govern the movement of pollutants, microorganisms, heat, and salt across the ocean. Their dynamics shape marine ecosystems and influence climate patterns. Monitoring and accurately predicting ocean surface currents are essential for managing offshore pollution and its potential impacts on the shoreline, ... -
Experimental and explainable machine learning approach on thermal conductivity and viscosity of water based graphene oxide based mono and hybrid nanofluids
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-28)This study explores the thermal conductivity and viscosity of water-based nanofluids containing silicon dioxide, graphene oxide, titanium dioxide, and their hybrids across various concentrations (0 to 1 vol%) and temperatures (30 to 60 °C). The nanofluids, characterized using multiple methods, exhibited increased viscosity and thermal conductivity compared to water, with hybrid nanofluids ... -
Static and dynamic stability of a polar ship in the arctic region with ice accumulation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-01-04)The harsh and complex marine environment of the Arctic region poses significant challenges for polar ships, particularly in cases where ice accumulates on ship surfaces, which can severely influence vessel stability. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of both static and dynamic stability for a polar ship subjected to ice accumulation, a topic of critical scientific importance and engineering ... -
Molecular-level characterization of supraglacial dissolved and water-extractable organic matter along a hydrological flow path in a Greenland Ice Sheet micro-catchment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-01-06)Sunlight penetrates the bare-ice surface of glaciers and ice sheets, giving rise to the presence of a three-dimensional porous matrix of partially melted ice crystals known as the weathering crust. Surface meltwater slowly percolates through this weathering crust, which hosts active and diverse bacterial communities, until it reaches a supraglacial stream. Despite the potential implications of ... -
The Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous Billefjorden Group on Bjørnøya, Svalbard, and Its North-Eastern Greenlandic Provenance
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-13)In this contribution, we document changes in detrital zircon ages in the upper Devonian (Famennian) to lower Carboniferous (Mississippian) Billefjorden Group on Bjørnøya, the southernmost island of Svalbard. This alluvial, coal-bearing clastic succession is widely distributed across the archipelago and the Barents Shelf. The sediments were deposited in subsidence-induced lowlands that formed just ... -
Recognizing Hand-Based Micro Activities Using Wrist-Worn Inertial Sensors: A Zero-Shot Learning Approach
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-10-23)Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is a machine learning paradigm that enables models to recognize and classify data from classes they have not encountered during training. This approach is particularly advantageous in recognizing activities where labeled data is limited, allowing models to identify new, unseen activities by leveraging semantic knowledge from seen activities. In this paper, we explore the ... -
Arctic Tectonics and Volcanism: a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary educational approach
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-16)Geologically, the Arctic is one of the least-explored regions of Earth. Obtaining data in the high Arctic is logistically, economically, and environmentally expensive, but the township of Longyearbyen (population of 2617 as of 2024) at 78° N represents a relatively easily accessible gateway to Arctic geology and is home to The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS). These unique factors provide a ... -
The Effect of Speed Endurance Versus Core Training on The Repeated Sprint Ability of Youth Male Soccer Players – A Randomized Controlled Trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-01)The effects of specific training protocols to improve repeated sprint ability are well known; however, the utility of non-specific training for this purpose is doubtful. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of a specific (sport-related) vs. non-specific (general physical development) eight-week training protocol on developing or maintaining repeated sprint ability in soccer players. ... -
The Microbiota of the Outer Gut Mucus Layer of the Migrating Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua) as Determined by Shotgun DNA Sequencing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-31)Animals form functional units with their microbial communities, termed metaorganisms. Despite extensive research on some model animals, microbial diversity in many species remains unexplored. Here, we describe the taxonomic profile of the microbes from the outer gut mucus layer from the Northeast Arctic cod using a shotgun DNA sequencing approach. We focused on the mucus to determine if its microbial ... -
A large-scale study of the impact of node behavior on loosely coupled data dissemination: The case of the distributed Arctic observatory
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-22)A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) deployed in remote and resource-constrained environments faces multiple challenges. It has, no or limited: network coverage, possibility of energy replenishment, physical access by humans.<p> <p>Cyber-physical nodes deployed to observe and interact with the Arctic tundra face these challenges. They are subject to environmental factors such as avalanches, low temperatures, ... -
Automatic Generation of Contrast Maps in Terms of van der Waals Material Properties in Bimodal AFM
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-26)van der Waals (vdW) forces are of interest in colloid science, biophysics, cell biology, and the field of vdW heterostructures. We present a model and method to quantify vdW material properties of samples routinely in standard bimodal atomic force microscopy (AFM) without the need to establish mechanical contact with the samples. The method preserves the high resolution of bimodal AFM but ... -
Making the motivic group structure on the endomorphisms of the projective line explicit
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-13)We construct a group structure on the set of pointed naive homotopy classes of scheme morphisms from the Jouanolou device to the projective line. The group operation is defined via matrix multiplication on generating sections of line bundles and only requires basic algebraic geometry. In particular, it is completely independent of the construction of the motivic homotopy category. We show that ... -
The professional profile of the remote operator.
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2024-11)The need for experienced nautical officers is imminent, the possibilities to work ashore which requires their expertise are plentiful. Now, a new maritime profession is emerging, the remote operator. Again, we require mariners to take that role, resulting in a further increase in the personnel shortage. It is time we consider an alternative to sate the need for qualified persons in the remote operation ... -
Latent Graph Attention for Spatial Context in Light-Weight Networks: Multi-Domain Applications in Visual Perception Tasks
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-19)Global contexts in images are quite valuable in image-to-image translation problems. Conventional attention-based and graph-based models capture the global context to a large extent; however, these are computationally expensive. Moreover, existing approaches are limited to only learning the pairwise semantic relation between any two points in the image. In this paper, we present Latent Graph ... -
A position and wave spectra dataset of Marginal Ice Zone dynamics collected around Svalbard in 2022 and 2023
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-21)Sea ice is a key element of the global Earth system, with a major impact on global climate and regional weather. Unfortunately, accurate sea ice modeling is challenging due to the diversity and complexity of underlying physics happening there, and a relative lack of ground truth observations. This is especially true for the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ), which is the area where sea ice is affected by ... -
A Practical Approach to FMCW Radar Deconvolution in the Sea Ice Domain
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-19)This paper presents a practical step-by-step approach to Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar nonlinearity correction (deconvolution), utilizing surface-based Ku- and Ka-band radar data collected over nilas ice within a newly-opened sea ice lead during the 2019/2020 MOSAiC expedition. Two performance metrics are introduced to evaluate deconvolution effectiveness: the spurious free ... -
Behavioral Intervention Functions in Type 2 Diabetes Apps: Literature Review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-12-23)Background: As type 2 diabetes (T2D) is expected to increase, self-management becomes more crucial. Mobile apps are increasingly supporting self-management with tasks like blood glucose monitoring and medication management. Understanding the behavioral intervention functions used by diabetes apps today, is essential for improving future apps and systems for diabetes management.<p> <p>Objective: ...
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