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norskFakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi
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A new method of inferring the size, number density, and charge of mesospheric dust from its in situ collection by the DUSTY probe
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-15)<p>We present a new method of analyzing measurements of mesospheric dust made with DUSTY rocket-borne Faraday cup probes. It can yield the variation in fundamental dust parameters through a mesospheric cloud with an altitude resolution down to 10 cm or less if plasma probes give the plasma density variations with similar height resolution. A DUSTY probe was the first probe that unambiguously detected ... -
Weather situation during observed ship-icing events off the coast of Northern Norway and the Svalbard archipelago
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-19)Ship icing may lead the ship and crew in great jeopardy. Usually, predictions of such ice build-up are based on the modelling of the heat fluxes capable of freezing sea water originated from wave-ship interactions. This study, on the other hand, follows a different and more general approach by investigating the relationship between the weather situation and icing both using observed parameters from ... -
Impact of assimilating sea ice concentration, sea ice thickness and snow depth in a coupled ocean-sea ice modelling system
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-08)The accuracy of the initial state is very important for the quality of a forecast, and data assimilation is crucial for obtaining the best-possible initial state. For many years, sea-ice concentration was the only parameter used for assimilation into numerical sea-ice models. Sea-ice concentration can easily be observed by satellites, and satellite observations provide a full Arctic coverage. During ... -
Catalytic Intermolecular Functionalization of Benzimidazoles
(Peer reviewed; Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019-06-25)This chapter describes contemporary strategies for selective catalytic intermolecular functionalization of the benzimidazole scaffold. Functionalization at nitrogen and position C-2 is well developed employing copper, palladium, rhodium, nickel, and cobalt catalysis. Direct CH activation is the predominant approach to C-2 functionalization. Nickel-based catalysts can activate C—O bonds in conjunction ... -
Closely-related Photobacterium strains comprise the majority of bacteria in the gut of migrating Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-17)<p><i>Background - </i>The population of Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>), also known as Northeast Arctic cod, migrating Atlantic cod, or simply “skrei,” lives mainly in the Barents Sea and Svalbard waters and migrates in annual cycles to the Norwegian coast in order to spawn eggs during late winter. It is the world’s largest population of Atlantic cod, and the population is distinct from the ... -
SKIM, a Candidate Satellite Mission Exploring Global Ocean Currents and Waves
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-30)The Sea surface KInematics Multiscale monitoring (SKIM) satellite mission is designed to explore ocean surface current and waves. This includes tropical currents, notably the poorly known patterns of divergence and their impact on the ocean heat budget, and monitoring of the emerging Arctic up to 82.5°N. SKIM will also make unprecedented direct measurements of strong currents, from boundary currents ... -
Data-driven blood glucose pattern classification and anomalies detection: Machine-learning applications in Type 1 diabetes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-01)<p><i>Background - </i>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that results in abnormal blood glucose (BG) regulations. The BG level is preferably maintained close to normality through self-management practices, which involves actively tracking BG levels and taking proper actions including adjusting diet and insulin medications. BG anomalies could be defined as any undesirable reading ... -
Modeling Energy Consumption of Computing Systems: from Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Systems
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-06)Nowadays, reducing energy consumption and improving the energy efficiency of computing systems become ones of the leading research topics in computer science. In order to improve energy efficiency, it is crucial to understand how computing systems consume energy. Power and energy models provide prediction and insight into how computing systems consume power and energy. However, it is challenging to ... -
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Query-Conditioned Video Summarization
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-21)Query-conditioned video summarization requires to (1) find a diverse set of video shots/frames that are representative for the whole video, and that (2) the selected shots/frames are related to a given query. Thus it can be tailored to different user interests leading to a better personalized summary and differs from the generic video summarization which only focuses on video content. Our work targets ... -
CPPE: An Open-Source C++ and Python Library for Polarizable Embedding
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-03)We present a modular open-source library for polarizable embedding (PE) named CPPE. The library is implemented in C++, and it additionally provides a Python interface for rapid prototyping and experimentation in a high-level scripting language. Our library integrates seamlessly with existing quantum chemical program packages through an intuitive and minimal interface. Until now, CPPE has been ... -
Reproduction study using public data of: Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for detection of diabetic retinopathy in retinal fundus photographs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-06)We have attempted to reproduce the results in <i>Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for detection of diabetic retinopathy in retinal fundus photographs</i>, published in JAMA 2016; 316(22), using publicly available data sets. We re-implemented the main method in the original study since the source code is not available. The original study used non-public fundus images from EyePACS ... -
Recommendations with a Nudge
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-13)In areas such as health, environment, and energy consumption, there is a need to do better. A common goal in society is to get people to behave in ways that are sustainable for the environment or support a healthier lifestyle. Nudging is a term known from economics and political theory, for influencing decisions and behavior using suggestions, positive reinforcement, and other non-coercive means. ... -
Convolutional Neural Network for Breathing Phase Detection in Lung Sounds
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-15)We applied deep learning to create an algorithm for breathing phase detection in lung sound recordings, and we compared the breathing phases detected by the algorithm and manually annotated by two experienced lung sound researchers. Our algorithm uses a convolutional neural network with spectrograms as the features, removing the need to specify features explicitly. We trained and evaluated the ... -
Sparse signal recovery in MIMO specular meteor radars with waveform diversity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-15)Since the 1950s, specular meteor radars (SMRs) have been used to study the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) dynamics. Atmospheric parameters derived from SMRs are highly dependent on the number of detected meteors and the accuracy of the meteors' locations. Recently, incoherent and coherent multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar approaches combined with waveform diversity have been ... -
Investigation of exceptionally radar-dark regions on the lunar nearside
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2019-08)Remote sensing of planetary surfaces is an effective method for gaining knowledge of the processes that shape the planetary bodies in our solar system. This is useful for uncovering the environment of the primordial solar system and to study the current state of the upper crusts of the other planets in our neighborhood. A recent 6-meter wavelength polarimetric radar map of the Moon [?] showed ... -
The Thorpex polar low analysed with AROME-Arctic
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2019-04) -
On local and long-range transported air pollution in Svalbard
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-11)Climate change, health of the residents and ecosystems in the Arctic region are impacted by local and long-range transported air pollution. Local emissions in the Arctic are important, but overlooked issue. Despite there have been extensive modelling and measurement studies of long-range transport of short-lived climate forcers to Svalbard, the effect of local emissions from diesel and coal power ... -
Norcorrole as a Delocalized, Antiaromatic System
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-19)Nickel norcorrole provides an unusual example of a molecule that is strongly antiaromatic according to the magnetic criterion, but which exhibits, according to high-quality DFT calculations, a symmetric, delocalized structure with no difference in bond length between adjacent C<sub>meso</sub>-C<sub>α</sub> bonds. A fragment molecular orbital analysis suggests that these discordant observations are ... -
Observing Mesospheric Turbulence With Specular Meteor Radars: A Novel Method for Estimating Second-Order Statistics of Wind Velocity
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-07)There are few observational techniques for measuring the distribution of kinetic energy within the mesosphere with a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. <br>This study describes a method for estimating the three‐dimensional mesospheric wind field correlation function from specular meteor trail echoes. Each radar echo provides a measurement of a one‐dimensional projection of the wind velocity ... -
Novel specular meteor radar systems using coherent MIMO techniques to study the mesosphere and lower thermosphere
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-05)Typical specular meteor radars (SMRs) use one transmitting antenna and at least a five-antenna interferometric configuration on reception to study the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. The interferometric configuration allows the measurement of the angle-of-arrival (AOA) of the detected meteor echoes, which in turn is needed to derive atmospheric parameters (e.g., mean winds, momentum ...
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