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dc.contributor.authorUwayezu, Jean Noel
dc.contributor.authorRen, Zhongfei
dc.contributor.authorSonnenschein, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorLeiviskä, Tiina
dc.contributor.authorLejon, Tore
dc.contributor.authorvan Hees, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorKarlsson, Patrik
dc.contributor.authorKumpiene, Jurate
dc.contributor.authorCarabante, Ivan
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-07T13:19:06Z
dc.date.available2024-10-07T13:19:06Z
dc.date.issued2024-10-26
dc.description.abstractThe current study evaluated a three-stage treatment to remediate PFAS-contaminated soil. The treatment consisted of soil washing, foam fractionation (FF), and electrochemical oxidation (EO). The possibility of replacing the third stage, i.e., EO, with an adsorption process was also assessed. The contamination in the studied soils was dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), with a concentration of 760 and 19 μg kg−1 in soil I and in soil II, accounting for 97 % and 70 % of all detected per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Before applying a pilot treatment of soil, soil washing was performed on a laboratory scale, to evaluate the effect of soil particle size, initial pH and a liquid-to-soil ratio (L/S) on the leachability of PFAS. A pilot washing system generated soil leachate that was subsequently treated using FF and EO (or adsorption) and then reused for soil washing. The results indicated that the leaching of PFAS occurred easier in 0.063–1 mm particles than in the soil particles having a size below 0.063 mm. Both alkaline conditions and a continual replacement of the leaching solution increased the leachability of PFAS. The analysis using one-way ANOVA showed no statistical difference in means of PFOS washed out in laboratory and pilot scales. This allowed estimating twenty washing cycles using 120 L water to reach 95 % PFOS removal in 60 kg soil. The aeration process removed 95–99 % PFOS in every washing cycle. The EO and adsorption processes achieved similar results removing up to 97 % PFOS in concentrated soil leachate. The current study demonstrated a multi-stage treatment as an effective and cost-efficient method to permanently clean up PFAS-contaminated soil.en_US
dc.identifier.citationUwayezu, Ren, Sonnenschein, Leiviskä, Lejon, van Hees, Karlsson, Kumpiene, Carabante. Combination of separation and degradation methods after PFAS soil washing. Science of the Total Environment. 2024;907en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2234240
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168137
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697
dc.identifier.issn1879-1026
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/35095
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.journalScience of the Total Environment
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2024 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleCombination of separation and degradation methods after PFAS soil washingen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Med mindre det står noe annet, er denne innførselens lisens beskrevet som Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)