Recreational trails are a vital element of protected natural areas (PNAs) infrastructure, which enables visitors to travel through and engage in various activities such as hiking, biking, horse riding. Degradation of trails adversely affects the natural environment as well as the safety and comfort of visitors. As the role of many PNAs is to protect the natural environment and to provide recreational ...

Small rodent population cycles characterise northern ecosystems, and the cause of these cycles has been a long-lasting central topic in ecology, with trophic interactions currently considered the most plausible cause. While some researchers have rejected plant–herbivore interactions as a cause of rodent cycles, others have continued to research their potential roles. Here, we present an overview ...

Thousands of prospectuses offered shares to British investors at the turn of the twentieth century. We find evidence that there were informed investors who participated in the market at this time. Firms that attracted additional investor demand were more likely to be listed on the London Stock Exchange, survive longer, and achieve better long-run equity returns. We find that the exchange screened ...

Exploring the role of grandparents in the intergenerational transmission of risky health behaviors, specifically smoking, this study aims to examine the differential influence of maternal and paternal grandparents on their grandchildren's smoking behavior in adulthood. Utilizing the Tromsø Study's unique three-generational dataset from Tromsø, Norway, we employ a control function approach. The ...

Pigmentation is often overlooked in zooplankton, since these organisms are mostly colorless to fit the translucid water medium. However, one of the dominant zooplankton taxa in aquatic ecosystems—copepods—often show a bright red-orange or blue coloration owing to the accumulation of carotenoid pigments in some parts of their bodies. Even though there are many functional traits describing copepod’s ...

Aim: High repeatability among assemblages of closely related but ecologically distinct ecotypes implies predictability in evolution and assembly of communities. The conditions under which ecotype assemblages form predictably, and the reasons, have been little investigated. Here, we test whether repeatability declines as the number of ecotypes builds.<p> <p>Location: Postglacial lakes with a ...

Value at risk is a statistic used to anticipate the largest possible losses over a specific time frame and within some level of confidence, usually 95% or 99%. For risk management and regulators, it offers a solution for trustworthy quantitative risk management tools. VaR has become the most widely used and accepted indicator of downside risk. Today, commercial banks and financial institutions ...

Car tire rubber constitutes one of the largest fractions of microplastics emissions to the environment. The two main emission sources are tire wear particles (TWPs) formed through abrasion during driving and runoff of crumb rubber (CR) granulate produced from end-of-life tires that is used as infill on artificial sports fields. Both tire wear particles and crumb rubber contain a complex mixture ...

Health is an essential component of human capital, and health inequalities are a major issue. While substantial research on the intergenerational transmission of health and health behaviors has been conducted, the questions whether and how grandparents’ health affects grandchildren remain underinvestigated. This thesis aims to better understand health inequality mechanisms by analyzing multigenerational ...

I forskningsgruppa Marbio ved UiT Norges arktiske universitet jobber vi med å finne nye legemidler fra forbindelser som vi henter fra ulike planter, dyr og mikroorganismer.