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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Handelshøgskolen ved UiT [764]
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The genetic legacy of extreme exploitation in a polar vertebrate
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-20)Understanding the effects of human exploitation on the genetic composition of wild populations is important for predicting species persistence and adaptive potential. We therefore investigated the genetic legacy of large-scale commercial harvesting by reconstructing, on a global scale, the recent demographic history of the Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella), a species that was hunted to the ... -
Sami knowledge and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies for managing pastures under threat from multiple land uses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-13)Ecosystem‐based adaptation (EbA) relies upon the capacity of ecosystems to buffer communities against the adverse impacts of climate change. Maintaining ecosystems that deliver critical services to communities can also provide co‐benefits beyond adaptation, such as climate mitigation and protection of biological diversity and livelihoods. EbA has, to a limited extent, drawn upon indigenous and local ... -
Global effect of urban sprawl, industrialization, trade and economic development on carbon dioxide emissions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-05)Significant progress has been made towards mitigating climate change and its impacts across countries. However, the transboundary effect of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions means that excluding the actions and inactions of certain countries and territories that escalate emissions is alarming. On this note, we examined the heterogeneous contribution of immediate and underlying drivers of emissions across 206 ... -
Nursing staff’s evaluation of facilitators and barriers during implementation of wireless nurse call systems in residential care facilities. A cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-04)<i>Background</i> - Traditional nurse call systems used in residential care facilities rely on patients to summon assistance for routine or emergency needs. Wireless nurse call systems (WNCS) offer new affordances for persons unable to actively or consciously engage with the system, allowing detection of hazardous situations, prevention and timely treatment, as well as enhanced nurse workflows. ... -
Identifying spatial overlap in the values of locals, domestic- and international tourists to protected areas
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-22)Nature-based tourism is increasingly encouraged to support local socioeconomic development in and around protected areas, but managing protected areas for tourism could challenge existing park uses associated with self-organized outdoor recreation and local resource use. We used a web-based Public Participatory Geographic Information System (PPGIS) to identify the most important places and values ... -
Marine CO2 system variability in a high arctic tidewater-glacier fjord system, Tempelfjorden, Svalbard
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-04)The marine CO<sub>2</sub> system in Tempelfjorden (Svalbard) was investigated between August 2015 and December 2017 using total alkalinity, pH, temperature, salinity, oxygen isotopic ratio, and nutrient data. Primary production resulted in the largest changes that were observed in the partial pressure of CO<sub>2</sub> (<i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>, 140 μatm) and the saturation state of aragonite ... -
Maternal Photoperiodic Programming: Melatonin and Seasonal Synchronization Before Birth
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-10)This mini-review considers the phenomenon of maternal photoperiodic programming (MPP). In order to match neonatal development to environmental conditions at the time of birth, mammals use melatonin produced by the maternal pineal gland as a transplacental signal representing ambient photoperiod. Melatonin acts via receptors in the fetal pituitary gland, exerting actions on the developing medio-basal ... -
Vertical export of marine pelagic protists in an ice-free high-Arctic fjord (Adventfjorden, West Spitsbergen) throughout 2011-2012
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-06)The ecosystem role of Arctic microbial communities is still largely unknown. Based on a time-series study at the IsA station (West Spitsbergen), the seasonality and contribution of pelagic protists to the vertical flux was investigated at 7 time points during 2011-2012. The hydrography of this high-Arctic fjord was evaluated to identify impacts on the community composition during the different ... -
Large loss of CO2 in winter observed across the northern permafrost region
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-21)Recent warming in the Arctic, which has been amplified during the winter, greatly enhances microbial decomposition of soil organic matter and subsequent release of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). However, the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> released in winter is not known and has not been well represented by ecosystem models or empirically based estimates. Here we synthesize regional in situ observations ... -
The heterogeneity of shoppers’ supermarket behaviors based on the use of carrying equipment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-28)Research on in-store behavior has largely focused on shoppers with carts. In a study involving 15 stores and a total of 3540 shoppers, we document that only 20 percent of shoppers actually use shopping carts, while 28 percent use baskets and 51 percent use no carrying equipment. To better understand the role of carrying equipment, we collected data in a second study from 635 complete shopping trips ... -
Genetic population structure and variation at phenology‐related loci in anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-03)The Arctic will be especially affected by climate change, resulting in altered seasonal timing. Anadromous Arctic char (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>) is strongly influenced by sea surface temperature (SST) delimiting time periods available for foraging in the sea. Recent studies of salmonid species have shown variation at phenology‐related loci associated with timing of migration and spawning. We ... -
A raster version of the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-17)Land cover maps are the basic data layer required for understanding and modeling ecological patterns and processes. The Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM), produced in 2003, has been widely used as a base map for studies in the arctic tundra biome. However, the relatively coarse resolution and vector format of the map were not compatible with many other data sets. We present a new version of ... -
A transdisciplinary approach to Brucella in Muskoxen of the Western Canadian Arctic 1989-2016
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-14)Brucella serostatus was evaluated in 3189 muskoxen sampled between 1989 and 2016 from various locations of the Canadian Arctic archipelago and mainland, near the communities of Sachs Harbour and Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, and Cambridge Bay and Kugluktuk, Nunavut. Brucella antibodies were found only in muskoxen sampled around Cambridge Bay, both on southern Victoria Island and on the adjacent ... -
Utvannet tørrfisk som middagsrett
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-04)Utvannet tørrfisk er et relativt nytt produkt for norske forbrukere. Mens utvannet tørrfisk i økende grad serveres på restaurant, har omsetningen gjennom dagligvarehandelen gått saktere. Formålet med denne studien har vært å avdekke forbrukeres forventninger og erfaringer ved tilberedning av utvannet tørrfisk hjemme. 115 respondenter fikk utlevert et middagsprodukt av utvannet tørrfisk for tilberedning ... -
Seasonal patterns in species diversity across biomes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-30)A conspicuous season–diversity relationship (SDR) can be seen in seasonal environments, often with a defined peak in active species diversity in the growing season. We ask is this a general pattern and are other patterns possible? In addition, we ask what is the ultimate cause of this pattern and can we understand it using existing ecological theory? To accomplish this task, we assembled a global ... -
Circumpolar patterns of Arctic freshwater fish biodiversity: A baseline for monitoring
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-01)Climate change, biological invasions, and anthropogenic disturbance pose a threat to the biodiversity and function of Arctic freshwater ecosystems. Understanding potential changes in fish species distribution and richness is necessary, given the great importance of fish to the function of freshwater ecosystems and as a resource to humans. However, information gaps limit large‐scale studies and our ... -
Widespread soil bacterium that oxidizes atmospheric methane
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-08)Increasing atmospheric methane concentrations contribute significantly to global warming. The only known biological sink for atmospheric methane is oxidation by methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB). Due to the lack of pure cultures, the physiology and metabolic potential of MOB that oxidize atmospheric methane remains a mystery. Here, we report on isolation and characterization of a MOB that can grow ... -
DNA double‐strand breaks in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from Bjørnøya in the Norwegian Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-25)High levels of organochlorine contaminants (OCs) have been found in arctic char (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>) from Lake Ellasjøen, Bjørnøya (Norwegian Arctic). The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential genotoxic effect of environmental organochlorine contaminant exposure in arctic char from Ellasjøen compared with arctic char from the low‐contaminated Lake Laksvatn nearby. Blood ... -
Arctic Circular Seafood Synergies: Beyond the Bottom Line. Perspectives on Full Utilization & Local Processing in Alaska & Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-11-16)Alaskan wild salmon and Norwegian farmed salmon represent the largest share of their respective global harvests of salmon by volume, yet both are exporting the majority of their harvests and byproducts for processing and are thereby missing out the potential to create local circular production systems for more environmentally sustainable processing . Alaskan salmon and Norwegian aquaculture have an ... -
Labour in fisheries: Task analysis of fishing operations on a Norwegian trawler
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-11-15)This study investigates the labour on a Norwegian trawler through the study of tasks that are performed under the trawling operation. Study of tasks is one of the fundamental approaches to studying labour, and in this thesis, it is carried out using the technique of Hierarchical Task Analysis. This task analysis technique has been broadly and universally used in different industries for over 60 ...
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