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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Handelshøgskolen ved UiT [789]
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Creating balance in dynamic competitions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-02)We consider incentives for organizing competitions in multiple rounds, focusing on situations where there is heterogeneity among the contestants ex ante, which discourages effort in a single contest. Heterogeneity evolves across rounds depending upon the outcomes of previous rounds. We present conditions under which balance in such a competition can be created, by determining the number of rounds ... -
Microplastics in fish and shellfish - A threat to seafood safety?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-23)Plastic litter in the oceans is a major environmental problem, and small size plastics (microplastics) have been detected in many species of fish and shellfish consumed by humans. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the knowledge on microplastics in fish and shellfish in relation to a possible threat to seafood safety. In fish and crustacean species, the presence of microplastics has in most ... -
Animal-based experiences and animal experiences: farm animals’ perspective on human leisure in rural settings
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-20)This study poses the question: How are leisure experiences inspired by rural practices about the traditional use of farm animals lived by the animals? The aim is to contribute to the literature about farm animals in leisure experiences and the animals’ perspectives on the leisure experiences in which they are involved.<p> <p>Based on the main tenets of ecofeminism, it explores the research question ... -
The Demographic buffering hypothesis: Evidence and challenges
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06)In (st)age-structured populations, the long-run population growth rate is negatively affected by temporal variation in vital rates. In most cases, natural selection should minimize temporal variation in the vital rates to which the long-run population growth is most sensitive, resulting in demographic buffering. By reviewing empirical studies on demographic buffering in wild populations, we found ... -
Simulated trawling: Exhaustive swimming followed by extreme crowding as contributing reasons to variable fillet quality in trawl-caught Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-18)Trawl-caught Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) often yield highly variable fillet quality that may be related to capture stress. To investigate mechanisms involved in causing variable quality, commercial-sized (3.5±0.9 kg) Atlantic cod were swum to exhaustion in a large swim tunnel and subsequently exposed to extreme crowding (736±50 kg m<sup>-3</sup>) for 0, 1 or 3 hours in an experimental cod-end. The ... -
Car tire crumb rubber: Does leaching produce a toxic chemical cocktail in coastal marine systems?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-23)Crumb rubber granulate (CRG) produced from end of life tires (ELTs) is commonly applied to synthetic turf pitches (STPs), playgrounds, safety surfaces and walkways. In addition to fillers, stabilizers, cross-linking agents and secondary components (e.g., pigments, oils, resins), ELTs contain a range of other organic compound and heavy metal additives. While previous environmental impact studies on ... -
New approach for modelling size selectivity in shrimp trawl fisheries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-10)In the deep sea trawl fishery targeting shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and other cold-water shrimp species, fishers often use a Nordmöre sorting grid ahead of a small mesh codend to avoid bycatch. However, small fish can pass through the grid and are subsequently retained in the codend. This makes shrimp size selection complex and the size-dependent curve for both the shrimp and the bycatch species often ... -
Measured sound levels in ice-covered shallow water caused by seismic shooting on top of and below floating ice, reviewed for possible impacts on true seals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-01)Seismic surveying of the Arctic is important for several reasons, but also introduces some challenges. One is the concern that seismic data may affect the hearing of marine mammals living there, including true seals. We performed two seismic experiments on floating ice on Svalbard in the Norwegian Arctic in early March 2016 and late May 2017, just before and right after the ringed seal breeding ... -
Kvalitetskrav for vann til jordvanning. Uttalelse fra Faggruppen for hygiene og smittestoffer i Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2014-05-07)Ved vanning av spiselige jordbruksvekster på friland i Norge brukes det overflatevann, grunnvann eller vann fra gravd brønn. Vannet kan være offentlig eller privat. Mikroorganismer og uønskede kjemiske stoffer i slikt vann kan forårsake sykdom, dersom dette benyttes til vanning av vegetabiler. For sykdomsfremkallende mikroorganismer gjelder dette spesielt ved vanning av vegetabiler som skal spises ... -
Does the efficiency of a counter-herding device depend on seabed contact?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-06)To prevent unwanted fish bycatch from entering the trawl, we modified a counter-herding device, FLEXSELECT, developed for a Northeast Atlantic <i>Nephrops</i> (<i>Nephrops norvegicus</i>) trawl fishery. FLEXSELECT, which was designed to direct fish away from the trawl by means of sweeping ropes in the herding area, has been shown to be highly effective on both roundfish and flatfish species. However, ... -
Synergism between cruising cod and ambush sculpin predators on 0-group gadoids is modified by daylight cycle and presence of aggressive wolffish
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-06)Shorthorn sculpin (<i>Myoxocephalus scorpius</i>) and large cod (300–400 g body weight) are important predators on newly settled 0-group cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) and saithe (<i>Pollachius virens</i>) in Porsangerfjorden in northern Norway. The Atlantic wolffish (<i>Anarhichas lupus</i>) used to be abundant but is now very rare in the fjord. Video recorded experiments showed that interactions between ... -
“And if you gaze long into an abyss, the abyss gazes also into thee ”: four morphs of Arctic charr adapting to a depth gradient in Lake Tinnsjøen
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-24)The origin of species is a central topic in biology. Ecological speciation might be a driver in adaptive radiation, providing a framework for understanding mechanisms, level, and rate of diversification. The Arctic charr <i>Salvelinus alpinus</i> L. is a polymorphic species with huge morphological and life‐history diversity in Holarctic water systems. We studied adaptive radiation of Arctic charr ... -
A novel use of the leukocyte coping capacity assay to assess the immunomodulatory effects of organohalogenated contaminants in avian wildlife
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-19)Apex predators are characterized by high levels of biomagnifying organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs) which have been found to induce detrimental health effects in wildlife, such as immune system impairment. The leukocyte coping capacity (LCC) assay is a functional real-time measure of an innate immune response essential in pathogen resistance, known as the respiratory burst. The current study ... -
Assessing the Learning Outcomes of Food-related Educational Tourism Events for University Students: The Case of the International Student Competition of Fermo, Italy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-30)This paper examines the International Student Competition on Place Branding and Mediterranean Diet held in Fermo, Italy, in the context of the development of rural areas. This one-week food-related educational programme was organised by the University of Macerata’s Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism in collaboration with The Piceno Laboratory on the Mediterranean Diet, a local ... -
Transforming the governance of small-scale fisheries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-16)Despite their contribution to employment, food security, poverty eradication, and community well-being, small-scale fisheries often find themselves in a disadvantageous position globally relative to large-scale fisheries and other industries competing for marine space, resources, and government attention. By and large, small-scale fisheries are marginalized in every sense of the word: culturally, ... -
Impacts of salmon lice on mortality, marine migration distance and premature return in sea trout
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-06)Brown trout <i>Salmo trutta</i> (L.) is a facultative anadromous species, where a portion of individuals in populations with access to the sea perform migrations to use the richer feeding resources. We investigated the effect of salmon lice <i>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</i> (Krøyer 1837) infestation on the survival and behaviour of wild trout post-smolts (average fork length = 180 mm) during their ... -
Growth Strategy of a Rural Business School: Sustainable Implementation of Online Studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-29)This case study, which uses interventionist action research methodology, first describes key elements of the online business model which was implemented at a business school in Arctic Norway. The aim of the business model intervention was to create a growth in student influx. Next, the study examines the actual impact of the intervention in terms of number of online applicants over the last decade. ... -
Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in Barents Sea polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in relation to changes in feeding habits and body condition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-14)Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants (POPs: PCBs, OH-PCBs, <i>p,p′</i>-DDE, HCB, β-HCH, oxychlordane, BDE-47, and 153) in relation to changes in feeding habits and body condition in adult female polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>) from the Barents Sea subpopulation were examined over 20 years (1997–2017). All 306 samples were collected in the spring (April). Both stable isotope values ... -
Economic drivers for the Chinese tourists
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-02)Asia, particularly China, has become an attractive market that receives much attention in the Norwegian tourism industry. This raises relevant questions about the sustainability of the Chinese tourism boom. If the Norwegian tourism industry increasingly targets this rapidly growing market with larger investments, it should respond to the prospects of long-term growth. Such prospects hinge on the ... -
Possible Health Effects of a Wax Ester Rich Marine Oil
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-26)The consumption of seafood and the use of fish oil for the production of nutraceuticals and fish feed have increased over the past decades due the high content of long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids. This increase has put pressure on the sustainability of fisheries. One way to overcome the limited supply of fish oil is to harvest lower in the marine food web. <i>Calanus finmarchicus</i>, ...
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