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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Handelshøgskolen ved UiT [885]
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The Story behind COVID-19: Animal Diseases at the Crossroads of Wildlife, Livestock and Human Health
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-27)A number of virological, epidemiological and ethnographic arguments suggest that COVID-19 has a zoonotic origin. The pangolin, a species threatened with extinction due to poaching for both culinary purposes and traditional Chinese pharmacopoeia, is now suspected of being the “missing link” in the transmission to humans of a virus that probably originated in a species of bat. Our predation of wild ... -
Simultaneous Oxidation of Atmospheric Methane, Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen for Bacterial Growth
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-12)The second largest sink for atmospheric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) is atmospheric methane oxidizing-bacteria (atmMOB). How atmMOB are able to sustain life on the low CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in air is unknown. Here, we show that during growth, with air as its only source for energy and carbon, the recently isolated atmospheric methane-oxidizer <i>Methylocapsa gorgona</i> MG08 (USCα) oxidizes three ... -
Protist taxonomic and functional diversity in soil, freshwater and marine ecosystems
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-19)Protists dominate eukaryotic diversity and play key functional roles in all ecosystems, particularly by catalyzing carbon and nutrient cycling. To date, however, a comparative analysis of their taxonomic and functional diversity that compares the major ecosystems on Earth (soil, freshwater and marine systems) is missing. Here, we present a comparison of protist diversity based on standardized high ... -
Fatty Acid Composition of the Lipids from Atlantic Salmon—Comparison of Two Extraction Methods without Halogenated Solvents
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-01)The scope of this paper was to apply two recently developed methods for lipid extraction: the methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) method and the BUME method. These two methods do not include halogenated solvents, which makes them less hazardous to the environment, less toxic, and needed in less volume compared to the standard methods for lipid extraction. Fatty acid composition of the lipids from Atlantic ... -
Digestive tract morphology and enzyme activities of juvenile diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed fishmealbased diets with or without fish protein hydrolysates
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-11)Triploid, sterile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) could make a contribution to the development of the farming industry, but uncertainties about the performance and welfare of triploids have limited their adoption by farmers. In this study, we compared the ontogeny of digestive tract morphology and enzyme activities (pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase) of diploid ... -
An Update on the Content of Fatty Acids, Dioxins, PCBs and Heavy Metals in Farmed, Escaped and Wild Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-19)In this paper, we present updated data on proximate composition, amino acid, and fatty acid composition, as well as concentrations of dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and selected heavy metals, in fillets from farmed (n = 20), escaped (n = 17), and wild (n = 23) Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i> L.). The concentrations of dioxins (0.53 ± 0.12 pg toxic equivalents (TEQ)/g), dioxin-like ... -
The Emergent Nature of Networked Sustainable Procurement
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-25)The complex and networked nature of sustainable procurement is evoked through confronting two conceptual models, the triple bottom line-inspired parallel-type “interlocking circles model” with the more systems-oriented series-type “concentric circles model”. This endeavor is integrated with a developed application of contingency theory rooted in network thinking. Two subcase narratives from Ghana, ... -
Exploring the use of content analysis methodology in consumer research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-16)Content analysis is a viable way to thematise consumer experiences. The purpose of this review study is to examine the use of content analysis in consumer research (1977–2017). The authors explore <i>how</i> content analysis has been used. The reviewed studies address consumer experiences. The results show that qualitative content analysis is not used as a method in its own right; it is more often ... -
Examining the accuracy of trackways for predicting gait selection and speed of locomotion
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-27)Using Froude numbers (<i>Fr</i>) and relative stride length (stride length: hip height), trackways have been widely used to determine the speed and gait of an animal. This approach, however, is limited by the ability to estimate hip height accurately and by the lack of information related to the substrate properties when the tracks were made, in particular for extinct fauna. By studying the Svalbard ... -
Reduced immune responsiveness contributes to winter energy conservation in an Arctic bird
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-27)Animals in seasonal environments must prudently manage energy expenditure to survive the winter. This may be achieved through reductions in the allocation of energy for various purposes (e.g. thermoregulation, locomotion, etc.). We studied whether such trade-offs also include suppression of the innate immune response, by subjecting captive male Svalbard ptarmigan (<i>Lagopus muta hyperborea</i>) to ... -
The neglected season: Warmer autumns counteract harsher winters and promote population growth in Arctic reindeer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-24)Arctic ungulates are experiencing the most rapid climate warming on Earth. While concerns have been raised that more frequent icing events may cause die‐offs, and earlier springs may generate a trophic mismatch in phenology, the effects of warming autumns have been largely neglected. We used 25 years of individual‐based data from a growing population of wild Svalbard reindeer, to test how warmer ... -
Circadian clock mechanism driving mammalian photoperiodism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-27)The annual photoperiod cycle provides the critical environmental cue synchronizing rhythms of life in seasonal habitats. In 1936, Bünning proposed a circadian-based coincidence timer for photoperiodic synchronization in plants. Formal studies support the universality of this so-called coincidence timer, but we lack understanding of the mechanisms involved. Here we show in mammals that long photoperiods ... -
Meiofauna as a valuable bioindicator of climate change in the polar regions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-14)Establishing robust estimates of polar marine biodiversity is important for interpreting future changes in the Arctic; however, despite a recent increase in scientific expeditions, this region remains relatively underexplored. Particularly overlooked in biodiversity assessments are small species, such as protists, fungi, and many small invertebrates that are collectively known as meiofauna. These ... -
Morphology, Transcriptomics and In Vitro Model of Skin from Polar Cod (Boreogadus Saida) and Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-04)Fish skin is a multifunctional barrier tissue with high regeneration capacity that interacts with the surrounding environment and provides protection. Functional importance, high complexity and activity make skin an attractive tissue for studying the effects of environmental challenges and chemical stressors in fish. The aim of this work was to characterize skin from polar cod (<i>Boreogadus saida</i>) ... -
Implementing New Practice: The Roles of Translation, Progression and Reflection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-27)The aim of this article is to assess the contribution provided by the instrumental theory of translation when conceptualizing micro processes of change. A core assumption of this framework is that the translation of management ideas is characterized by regularities, or translation rules, and that performance of translation rules depends on translation competence. The assessment is based on an ... -
Governance implications for the implementation of biodegradable gillnets in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-15)Gillnets are among the most widely used fishing gear in global fisheries because of their simplicity, high operability, catch efficiency and low entrance cost for fishermen. In Norway, the Northeast Atlantic (NEA) cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) fishing industry represents the most important economic single species fishery and the gillnet fishery accounts for 24% of the national total allowable catch (TAC) ... -
Resource‐driven colonization by cod in a high Arctic food web
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-23)<ol> <li>Climate change is commonly associated with many species redistributions and the influence of other factors may be marginalized, especially in the rapidly warming Arctic.</li> <li>The Barents Sea, a high latitude large marine ecosystem in the Northeast Atlantic has experienced above‐average temperatures since the mid‐2000s with divergent bottom temperature trends at subregional ... -
Assessing the responses of Sphagnum micro-eukaryotes to climate changes using high throughput sequencing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-18)Current projections suggest that climate warming will be accompanied by more frequent and severe drought events. Peatlands store ca. one third of the world’s soil organic carbon. Warming and drought may cause peatlands to become carbon sources through stimulation of microbial activity increasing ecosystem respiration, with positive feedback effect on global warming. Micro-eukaryotes play a key role ... -
The Chloroplast Ribonucleoprotein CP33B Quantitatively Binds the psbA mRNA
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-17)Chloroplast RNAs are stabilized and processed by a multitude of nuclear-encoded RNA-binding proteins, often in response to external stimuli like light and temperature. A particularly interesting RNA-based regulation occurs with the <i>psbA</i> mRNA, which shows light-dependent translation. Recently, the chloroplast ribonucleoprotein CP33B was identified as a ligand of the <i>psbA</i> mRNA. We here ... -
Mercury in fish from a subarctic watercourse and its relation to trophic ecology
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-16)Mercury (Hg) contamination in aquatic ecosystems is a serious concern because it can bioaccumulate and biomagnify to harmful concentrations within a food web and consequently end up in humans that eat polluted fish. The Pasvik watercourse, located in the border area between Norway, Finland and Russia, is strongly affected by the emissions of heavy metals from nearby Russian metallurgic smelters. In ...
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