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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Harp seal body condition and trophic interactions with prey in Norwegian high Arctic waters in early autumn
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-28)In September 2016, a marine ecosystem survey covered all trophic levels from phytoplankton to seals in the Arctic Ocean to the west and north of Svalbard. At the ice edge, 26 harp seals were sampled to assess whether recent environmental changes had affected their diets and body condition by comparing our current results with previous investigations conducted 2–3 decades ago in the northern Barents ... -
Shedding of Brucella melitensis happens through milk macrophages in the murine model of infection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-10)Although shedding of zoonotic brucellae in milk has been demonstrated in natural hosts, these data are still missing for the standard murine infection model. We therefore analysed shedding kinetics and the niche of <i>B. melitensis</i> in murine milk. Pregnant Balb/cByJ mice were intraperitoneally infected with 10<sup>5</sup> CFU of the 16 M reference strain, a 16 M mCherry mutant or a human isolate. ... -
Diversified regulation of circadian clock gene expression following whole genome duplication
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-08)Across taxa, circadian control of physiology and behavior arises from cell-autonomous oscillations in gene expression, governed by a networks of so-called ‘clock genes’, collectively forming transcription-translation feedback loops. In modern vertebrates, these networks contain multiple copies of clock gene family members, which arose through whole genome duplication (WGD) events during evolutionary ... -
Temperature-dependent lipid accumulation in the polar marine microalga Chlamydomonas malina RCC2488
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-23)The exploration of cold-adapted microalgae offers a wide range of biotechnological applications that can be used for human, animal, and environmental benefits in colder climates. Previously, when the polar marine microalga <i>Chlamydomonas malina</i> RCC2488 was cultivated under both nitrogen replete and depleted conditions at 8°C, it accumulated lipids and carbohydrates (up to 32 and 49%, respectively), ... -
Arctic continental slopes sharp gradients of physical processes affect pelagic and benthic ecosystems.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-20)Continental slopes – steep regions between the shelf break and abyssal ocean – play key roles in the climatology and ecology of the Arctic Ocean. Here, through review and synthesis, we find that the narrow slope regions contribute to ecosystem functioning disproportionately to the size of the habitat area (∼6% of total Arctic Ocean area). Driven by inflows of sub-Arctic waters and steered by topography, ... -
Borealization of the Arctic Ocean in response to anomalous advection from sub-Arctic seas.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-03)An important yet still not well documented aspect of recent changes in the Arctic Ocean is associated with the advection of anomalous sub-Arctic Atlantic- and Pacific-origin waters and biota into the polar basins, a process which we refer to as borealization. Using a 37-year archive of observations (1981–2017) we demonstrate dramatically contrasting regional responses to atlantification (that part ... -
Sympagic fauna in and under Arctic pack ice in the annual sea ice system of the new Arctic Frontiers in Marine Science
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-19)A strong decline and thinning of the Arctic sea-ice cover over the past five decades has been documented. The former multiyear sea-ice system has largely changed to an annual system and with it the dynamics of sea-ice transport across the Arctic Ocean. Less sea ice is reaching the Fram Strait and more ice and ice-transported material is released in the northern Laptev Sea and the central Arctic ... -
Online Tourism Information and Tourist Behavior: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Based on a Self-Administered Survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-21)This study presents the interacting phenomena of perceptions of tourist destination online content (TDOC) and tourists’ behavioral intentions with a mediating role of tourists’ satisfaction, which is as yet under-explored in hospitality and tourism research. A model based on three main constructs, namely TDOC (with sub-constructs of online information quality and user-friendly accessibility), ... -
More Than Expected From Old Sponge Samples: A Natural Sampler DNA Metabarcoding Assessment of Marine Fish Diversity in Nha Trang Bay (Vietnam)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-09)Sponges have recently been proposed as ideal candidates to act as natural samplers for environmental DNA due to their efficiency in filtering water. However, validation of the usefulness of DNA recovered from sponges to reveal vertebrate biodiversity patterns in Marine Protected Areas is still needed. Additionally, nothing is known about how different sponge species and morphologies influence the ... -
Value co-creation in sustainable tourism: A service-dominant logic approach
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-12)To mainstream sustainability, we need to understand the value gained from sustainability by users. We apply a user-centred design methodology to develop an agile, iterative, incremental and reflexive process to understand the sustainability value proposition for Lufthansa City Center travel agents. We analyse the failure of sustainability communications within the online platforms used by these ... -
The Story behind COVID-19: Animal Diseases at the Crossroads of Wildlife, Livestock and Human Health
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-27)A number of virological, epidemiological and ethnographic arguments suggest that COVID-19 has a zoonotic origin. The pangolin, a species threatened with extinction due to poaching for both culinary purposes and traditional Chinese pharmacopoeia, is now suspected of being the “missing link” in the transmission to humans of a virus that probably originated in a species of bat. Our predation of wild ... -
Simultaneous Oxidation of Atmospheric Methane, Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen for Bacterial Growth
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-12)The second largest sink for atmospheric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) is atmospheric methane oxidizing-bacteria (atmMOB). How atmMOB are able to sustain life on the low CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in air is unknown. Here, we show that during growth, with air as its only source for energy and carbon, the recently isolated atmospheric methane-oxidizer <i>Methylocapsa gorgona</i> MG08 (USCα) oxidizes three ... -
Protist taxonomic and functional diversity in soil, freshwater and marine ecosystems
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-19)Protists dominate eukaryotic diversity and play key functional roles in all ecosystems, particularly by catalyzing carbon and nutrient cycling. To date, however, a comparative analysis of their taxonomic and functional diversity that compares the major ecosystems on Earth (soil, freshwater and marine systems) is missing. Here, we present a comparison of protist diversity based on standardized high ... -
Fatty Acid Composition of the Lipids from Atlantic Salmon—Comparison of Two Extraction Methods without Halogenated Solvents
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-01)The scope of this paper was to apply two recently developed methods for lipid extraction: the methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) method and the BUME method. These two methods do not include halogenated solvents, which makes them less hazardous to the environment, less toxic, and needed in less volume compared to the standard methods for lipid extraction. Fatty acid composition of the lipids from Atlantic ... -
Digestive tract morphology and enzyme activities of juvenile diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed fishmealbased diets with or without fish protein hydrolysates
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-11)Triploid, sterile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) could make a contribution to the development of the farming industry, but uncertainties about the performance and welfare of triploids have limited their adoption by farmers. In this study, we compared the ontogeny of digestive tract morphology and enzyme activities (pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase) of diploid ... -
An Update on the Content of Fatty Acids, Dioxins, PCBs and Heavy Metals in Farmed, Escaped and Wild Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-19)In this paper, we present updated data on proximate composition, amino acid, and fatty acid composition, as well as concentrations of dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and selected heavy metals, in fillets from farmed (n = 20), escaped (n = 17), and wild (n = 23) Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i> L.). The concentrations of dioxins (0.53 ± 0.12 pg toxic equivalents (TEQ)/g), dioxin-like ... -
The Emergent Nature of Networked Sustainable Procurement
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-25)The complex and networked nature of sustainable procurement is evoked through confronting two conceptual models, the triple bottom line-inspired parallel-type “interlocking circles model” with the more systems-oriented series-type “concentric circles model”. This endeavor is integrated with a developed application of contingency theory rooted in network thinking. Two subcase narratives from Ghana, ... -
Exploring the use of content analysis methodology in consumer research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-16)Content analysis is a viable way to thematise consumer experiences. The purpose of this review study is to examine the use of content analysis in consumer research (1977–2017). The authors explore <i>how</i> content analysis has been used. The reviewed studies address consumer experiences. The results show that qualitative content analysis is not used as a method in its own right; it is more often ... -
Examining the accuracy of trackways for predicting gait selection and speed of locomotion
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-27)Using Froude numbers (<i>Fr</i>) and relative stride length (stride length: hip height), trackways have been widely used to determine the speed and gait of an animal. This approach, however, is limited by the ability to estimate hip height accurately and by the lack of information related to the substrate properties when the tracks were made, in particular for extinct fauna. By studying the Svalbard ... -
Reduced immune responsiveness contributes to winter energy conservation in an Arctic bird
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-27)Animals in seasonal environments must prudently manage energy expenditure to survive the winter. This may be achieved through reductions in the allocation of energy for various purposes (e.g. thermoregulation, locomotion, etc.). We studied whether such trade-offs also include suppression of the innate immune response, by subjecting captive male Svalbard ptarmigan (<i>Lagopus muta hyperborea</i>) to ...
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