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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Handelshøgskolen ved UiT [737]
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The speciation landscape of European whitefish in Northern Fennoscandia – the importance of deglaciation history, standing genetic variation and natural selection
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-10)<p>During the last deglaciation, one clade of European whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i> L.) colonized the lakes in the three contemporary watercourses of northern Fennoscandia (Pasvik, Tana and Alta) and diverged thereafter in sympatry. This thesis investigates the interplay between evolutionary processes and standing genetic variation in shaping phenotypic and genetic divergence, and how ... -
What affects shopper's choices of carrying devices in grocery retailing and what difference does it make? A literature review and conceptual model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-24)Shopping carts, dating back at least to 1936, are not only used as an aid for shoppers to increase sales but are now being further developed and tested in relation to healthy food selection. To improve retailers’ ability to discover, generate, and capture the value related to both current practice and future innovations; such as consumers using smart carts when shopping, we systematically go through ... -
Willingness to pay to protect cold water corals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-16)There is increasing pressure to use currently untapped resources in the deep sea, raising questions regarding ecosystem service trade‐offs in these often unknown areas. We assessed the trade‐offs between protection of cold‐water coral reefs and economic activities, such as fisheries and petroleum extraction, through a survey of a representative sample of the populations of Norway and Ireland. ... -
Embryonic development in corkwing wrasse, Symphodus melops
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-10)Corkwing wrasse, <i>Symphodus melops</i>, is one of the main species used as cleaner fish to combat sea lice infestation in salmon aquaculture; however, there is little knowledge about its biology. Here, we describe the embryonic development of this species and examine the viability of the eggs under three temperature regimes. The experiments were conducted at three water temperature regimes, 12, ... -
Keeping the balance in NAD metabolism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-09)Research over the last few decades has extended our understanding of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from a vital redox carrier to an important signalling molecule that is involved in the regulation of a multitude of fundamental cellular processes. This includes DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, gene expression and calcium signalling, in which NAD is a substrate for several families of ... -
Found in translation: identifying ecosystem services through public consultation statements in a marine spatial planning process
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-15)There has been a widespread push to incorporate ecosystem services (ES) in research and policy-making, yet ES have remained an expert-driven discourse not well integrated into hands-on planning and management, particularly at the more local levels. We carry out a retrospective investigation of an inter-municipal marine spatial planning (MSP) process in Northern Norway, where the allocation of new ... -
Effect of incubation temperature on eggs and larvae of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-24)Two batches of lumpfish eggs were incubated at three temperature regimes; 1-Ambient seawater 4–6 °C (cold), 2-Ambient seawater for 10 days followed by a gradual increase to 10 °C (gradient), 3-Constant 10 °C seawater (warm). The eggs incubated in cold water had the highest egg mortality (38.5% ± 15.7) and lowest hatching success (46.1% ± 7.2), while the gradient group regime showed highest hatching ... -
Mesopelagic sound scattering layers of the high Arctic: Seasonal variations in biomass, species assemblage, and trophic relationships
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-12)Mesopelagic sound scattering layers (SSL) are ubiquitous in all oceans. Pelagic organisms within the SSL play important roles as prey for higher trophic levels and in climate regulation through the biological carbon pump. Yet, the biomass and species composition of SSL in the Arctic Ocean remain poorly documented, particularly in winter. A multifrequency echosounder detected a SSL north of Svalbard, ... -
Ambient temperature effects on stress-induced hyperthermia in Svalbard ptarmigan
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-20)Stress-induced hyperthermia (SIH) is commonly observed during handling in homeotherms. However, in birds, handling in cold environments typically elicits hypothermia. It is unclear whether this indicates that SIH is differently regulated in this taxon or if it is due to size, because body temperature changes during handling in low temperatures have only been measured in small birds <0.03 kg (that ... -
Terrestrial locomotion of the Svalbard rock ptarmigan: comparing field and laboratory treadmill studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-07)Research into the terrestrial locomotion of birds is often based upon laboratory treadmill experiments. However, it is unclear how transposable these results are for birds moving in the wild. Here, using video recordings, we compared the kinematics of locomotion (stride frequency, stride length, stance phase, swing phase, duty factor) and speed range of Svalbard rock ptarmigan (<i>Lagopus muta ... -
Responsible for responsibility? A study of digital e-health startups
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-30)Responsible innovation (RI) has received increased attention from policymakers and academics as a solution to grand challenges and is viewed as the main driver for innovation. The United Nations has suggested 17 Sustainable Development Goals and responsible innovation can be seen as a tool that allows the movement of society towards reducing inequality, coping with environmental challenges and ... -
Structural Breaks or Continuous Adjustments in Grain Production and Prices 1961-2014? An Explorative Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2019-06-30)This article analyses grain production and prices 1961-2014. We first describe the development in aggregated and relative allocation of land worldwide for wheat, corn and soybeans, and the growth in production volumes and yields. We then proceed by analyzing long-term price relationships. Finding that grain prices are strongly co-integrated, we estimate an Error Correction Model to see whether ... -
The epidemiology of zoonotic brucellosis in Bahr el Ghazal region of South Sudan
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-26)<p><i>Background - </i>In this study, we focused on three zoonotic brucellosis risk groups; abattoir workers, febrile cases at Wau hospital and cattle herders, in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan. Competitive c-ELISA was used to detect anti-<i>Brucella</i> antibodies in 725 individuals between December 2015 and May 2016. In addition, questionnaire metadata, focus group discussions and key informant ... -
Phylogenetic Reclassification of Vertebrate Melatonin Receptors To Include Mel1d
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-01)The circadian and seasonal actions of melatonin are mediated by high affinity G-protein coupled receptors (melatonin receptors, MTRs), classified into phylogenetically distinct subtypes based on sequence divergence and pharmacological characteristics. Three vertebrate MTR subtypes are currently described: MT1 (MTNR1A), MT2 (MTNR1B), and Mel1c (MTNR1C / GPR50), which exhibit distinct affinities, ... -
Seasonal shifts in feeding patterns: Individual and population realized specialization in a high Arctic fish
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-21)Species with a broad and flexible diet may be at an advantage in a rapidly changing environment such as in today's Arctic ecosystems. Polar cod (<i>Boreogadus saida</i>), an abundant and ecologically important circumpolar Arctic fish, is often described as a zooplankton generalist feeder, which suggests that it may cope successfully with changes in prey composition. This description is justified ... -
The PI3K and MAPK/p38 pathways control stress granule assembly in a hierarchical manner
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-28)All cells and organisms exhibit stress-coping mechanisms to ensure survival. Cytoplasmic protein-RNA assemblies termed stress granules are increasingly recognized to promote cellular survival under stress. Thus, they might represent tumor vulnerabilities that are currently poorly explored. The translation-inhibitory eIF2α kinases are established as main drivers of stress granule assembly. Using a ... -
Multi-pathogen serological survey of migratory caribou herds: A snapshot in time
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-31)Pathogens can impact host survival, fecundity, and population dynamics even when no obvious disease is observed. Few baseline data on pathogen prevalence and diversity of caribou are available, which hampers our ability to track changes over time and evaluate impacts on caribou health. Archived blood samples collected from ten migratory caribou herds in Canada and two in Greenland were used to test ... -
Catch-based aquaculture in Norway - Institutional challenges in the development of a new marine industry
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-12)Catch-based aquaculture (CBA) is an important production system in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. In Norway CBA is based on capture and storage/farming of mature, North-east Atlantic (NEA) cod (Gadus morhua). The objective is to reduce seasonal variations and add value, by storing/farming fish to take advantage of higher prices in low seasons. Despite numerous development ... -
Are Asian fresh and brackish water aquaculture production vulnerable or resilient towards climate change impacts?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-18)This study analyzes fresh and brackish water aquacultures—especially carp, tilapia, and shrimp production—in major Asian aquaculture-producing countries. Different indicators have been used, involving dimensions that may be affected by climate change. High diversity is believed to indicate high adaption capacity, while resilience is estimated by known biological properties of each species. The results ... -
Områdesamarbeid i norsk havbruk
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2019-11-29)Rapporten beskriver funn fra områdesamarbeid i norsk havbruk i FHF-prosjektet "Havbruksforvaltning 2030". I denne studien er områdesamarbeid definert som "Samarbeid mellom to eller flere næringsaktører i havbruk innenfor et definert geografisk område". Målet med studien er å vurdere ulike former for områdesamarbeid, hvordan områdesamarbeid kan organiseres, samt å gjøre faglige betraktninger om ...
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