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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Contrasting Spatial and Seasonal Trends of Methylmercury Exposure Pathways of Arctic Seabirds: Combination of Large-Scale Tracking and Stable Isotopic Approaches
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-16)Despite the limited direct anthropogenic mercury (Hg) inputs in the circumpolar Arctic, elevated concentrations of methylmercury (MeHg) are accumulated in Arctic marine biota. However, the MeHg production and bioaccumulation pathways in these ecosystems have not been completely unraveled. We measured Hg concentrations and stable isotope ratios of Hg, carbon, and nitrogen in the feathers and blood ... -
Assessment of long-term implementation of sea lice prevention technologies: efficiency in reducing infestations and impact on fish welfare
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2018-12-21)Salmon lice prevention strategies are steering towards passive implementation, and this study aimed to monitor these strategies in commercial cages over time, to determine the efficiency of these approaches and their effect on welfare. Four strategies were tested at a commercial scale at the Centre for Aquaculture Competence (CAC; funded by CAC and FHF), over a 13-month period. The ... -
Transcriptome sequencing and histology reveal dosage compensation in the liver of triploid pre-smolt Atlantic salmon
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-08)Triploid Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i> L.) is seen as one of the best solutions to solve key issues in the salmon farming industry, such as the impact of escapees on wild stocks and pre-harvest sexual maturation. However, the effects of triploidy on salmon smoltification are poorly understood at the molecular level, even though smoltification is a very sensitive period that has a major influence ... -
Space-use strategy affects energy requirements in Barents Sea polar bears
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-02)Polar bears Ursus maritimus are currently facing rapid environmental changes with loss of sea ice and shifts in their prey distribution. Two distinct ecotypes exist in the Barents Sea, where sea ice is decreasing at the highest rate in the Arctic. Coastal bears remain within the Archipelago of Svalbard year-round, whereas offshore bears follow the marginal ice zone (MIZ). We explored these 2 ecotypes’ ... -
Evidence for oscillating circadian clock genes in the copepod Calanus finmarchicus during the summer solstice in the high Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-15)The circadian clock provides a mechanism for anticipating environmental cycles and is synchronized by temporal cues such as daily light/dark cycle or photoperiod. However, the Arctic environment is characterized by several months of Midnight Sun when the sun is continuously above the horizon and where sea ice further attenuates photoperiod. To test if the oscillations of circadian clock genes remain ... -
Aggregate feeding by the copepods Calanus and Pseudocalanus controls carbon flux attenuation in the Arctic shelf sea during the productive period
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-24)Up to 95% of the oceanic primary production is recycled within the upper few hundred meters of the water column. Marine snow and zooplankton fecal pellets in the upper water column are often recycled at rates exceeding those measured for microbial degradation, suggesting that zooplankton might be important for flux attenuation of particulate organic carbon in the upper ocean. However, direct evidence ... -
Cleaner fish in aquaculture: review on diseases and vaccination
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-26)Combating and controlling sea lice causes large economic costs for the farmers, with estimated values of more than 305 million euros (€) per year. Increased resistance against traditional chemotherapeutants due to evolutionary drivers in the sea lice combined with the lack of an effective vaccine and few other chemical treatments available are expected to cause these costs to increase. Several ... -
Detection of specific Atlantic salmon antibodies against salmonid alphavirus using a bead-based immunoassay
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-30)Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) is the etiological cause of pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>). Several vaccines against SAV are in use, but PD still cause significant mortality and concern in European aquaculture, raising the need for optimal tools to monitor SAV immunity. To monitor and control the distribution of PD in Norway, all salmonid farms are regularly screened for SAV ... -
Changes in the Proanthocyanidin Composition and Related Gene Expression in Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Tissues
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-16)Berries of genus <i>Vaccinium</i> are rich in flavonoids and proanthocyanidins (PAs). We studied the PA composition and biosynthesis in bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus L.</i>) tissues and during fruit development. Soluble PAs, analyzed by UHPLC–MS/MS, were most abundant in stem and rhizome with the mean PA polymerization level varying between 4 and 6 in all tissues. Both A- and B-type PAs were ... -
The Bacterial Microbiome in the Small Intestine of Hooded Seals (Cystophora cristata)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-27)Arctic hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) are monogastric carnivores that go through extreme fasting and re-feeding in early life. They are born isolated on sea ice; suckle high-fat milk for four days and may then fast for up to one month before they start hunting and feeding on small prey (fish and crustaceans). Previous studies of the gut microbiota in pinnipeds have focused on the large intestine, ... -
Temperature-dependent egg production and egg hatching rates of small egg-carrying and broadcast-spawning copepods Oithona similis, Microsetella norvegica and Microcalanus pusillus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-07)Reproductive rates of copepods are temperature-dependent, but poorly known for small copepods at low temperatures, hindering the predictions of population dynamics and secondary production in high-latitude ecosystems. We investigated egg hatching rates, hatching success and egg production of the small copepods <i>Oithona similis</i> and <i>Microsetella norvegica</i> (sac spawners) and <i>Microcalanus ... -
The Atlantic Salmon Gill Transcriptome Response in a Natural Outbreak of Salmon Gill Pox Virus Infection Reveals New Biomarkers of Gill Pathology and Suppression of Mucosal Defense
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-04)The salmon gill poxvirus (SGPV) is a large DNA virus that infects gill epithelial cells in Atlantic salmon and is associated with acute high mortality disease outbreaks in aquaculture. The pathological effects of SGPV infection include gill epithelial apoptosis in the acute phase of the disease and hyperplasia of gill epithelial cells in surviving fish, causing damage to the gill respiratory surface. ... -
Sosial distansering i dagligvarebutikker: Kundeatferd før, under og etter annonsering av koronarestriksjoner
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020)Sosial distansering har vært myndighetenes fremste tiltak mot smittespredning under koronapandemien (covid-19). Å distansere seg fra andre mennesker er spesielt utfordrende i butikker hvor kundestrømmen styres etter forretningsmessige prinsipper, og ikke ut fra et smittevernhensyn. Denne artikkelen belyser hvilke utfordringer et normalt bevegelsesmønster i butikker byr på med hensyn til sosial ... -
Learning communities and co-creative tourism practices in NGDO projects
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-16)In this study, we considered tourism collaboration for sustainable development as a co-creative practice of learning about tourism in order to achieve benefits for local communities. We focused on projects run by non-governmental development organisations (NGDOs) and the challenges relating to their long-term impact. These challenges concern the projects’ potential to facilitate the emergence and/or ... -
Performance differences between nations exploiting a common natural resource: The Icelandic–Norwegian mackerel case
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-25)The same type of industries, located in different nations, may perform differently in global markets. This comparative case study of the Icelandic and Norwegian mackerel industries explores whether national resources, capabilities, and institutional environments can help elucidate performance differences in exporting a common natural resource. To gain insight into the phenomenon, the present study ... -
Risikorapport norsk fiskeoppdrett 2018
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2018)Risikorapporten omhandler både miljøpåvirkninger av havbruk og fiskevelferd, og legger vekt på overordnede problemstillinger som myndighetene vil ha råd om. Metodene som brukes for å risikovurdere er under stadig utvikling, og er oppdatert i årets rapport. På sikt er det ønskelig å kunne utføre regionale risikovurderinger hvor de ulike risikofaktorene sees i sammenheng. Rapporten er bestilt av ... -
Oppfølging av miljøundersøkelsen i vannforekomsten Finnfjord Indre
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2017)I 2014 påla Miljødirektorat Finnfjord AS først å utarbeide et program for vannovervåking, og deretter gjennomføre dette, i vannforekomsten Finnfjord Indre. Endelig rapport ble sendt inn 29 februar 2016, og i en foreløpig tilbakemelding fra Miljødirektoratet i brev datert 4 april 2016 konkluderer de med at det er behov for en ny undersøkelse som ... -
Spatial and temporal trends of mercury in freshwater fish in Fennoscandia (1965-2015)
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2017-09)Mercury (Hg) emissions to the atmosphere cause elevated Hg levels in fish, even in many remote regions of the world. Here we present an extensive database of more than 50 000 measurements of Hg in fish, including 2 775 individual water bodies in Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russian part of Kola Peninsula) sampled between 1965 and 2015. The data have been analysed for spatial patterns and ... -
Success or failure? Making sense of outcomes in a public sector change project
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-22)The most common method of assessing outcomes of change projects is to compare the final outcomes with predefined goals and conclude that the project has been a success, or more commonly, a failure. We question whether such simple conclusions pay due respect to complex processes. In this paper, we apply a sensemaking perspective to explore how and when outcomes of change projects are assessed. We ... -
Miljøundersøkelse i vannforekomsten Finnfjord Indre i Lenvik Kommune, Troms fylke.
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2016)Miljødirektoratet påla i mai 2015 Finnfjord AS og andre industribedrifter å gjennomføre vannovervåking i vannforekomsten bedriftene har utslipp til. Finnfjord AS engasjerte Akvaplan Niva AS til å utarbeide et program for miljøundersøkelse i vannforekomsten Finnfjorden Indre.(Akvaplan-niva AS Rapport: 7386-01). Programmet ble akseptert av Miljødirektoratet ...
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