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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Biogenic silica production and diatom dynamics in the Svalbard region during spring
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-06)Diatoms are generally the dominant contributors to the Arctic Ocean spring bloom, which is a key event in regional food webs in terms of capacity for secondary production and organic matter export. Dissolved silicic acid is an obligate nutrient for diatoms and has been declining in the European Arctic since the early 1990s. The lack of regional silicon cycling information precludes understanding the ... -
Functional roles and redundancy of demersal Barents Sea fish: Ecological implications of environmental change
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-21)When facing environmental change and intensified anthropogenic impact on marine ecosystems, extensive knowledge of how these systems are functioning is required in order to manage them properly. However, in high-latitude ecosystems, where climate change is expected to have substantial ecological impact, the ecosystem functions of biological species have received little attention, partly due to the ... -
External damage to trawl-caught Northeast arctic cod (Gadus morhua): Effect of codend design
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-22)The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of external damage (gear marks, pressure injuries, ecchymosis and skin abrasion) present on trawl-caught cod (Gadus morhua) and to examine whether the extent of damage could be reduced by introducing changes in the gear. We tested whether changing the 2-panel knotted codend used by the Norwegian trawler fleet operating in the Barents Sea today ... -
On the numerous concepts in invasion biology
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2006-01-20)The study of biological invasions has triggered the production of a diversity of concepts. The terminology has, however, often been applied inconsistently and inaccurately. This article lists and assesses the most commonly used terms and concepts in invasion ecology. In each case the most coherent definition and use is suggested. -
Holistic Assessment of Rumen Microbiome Dynamics through Quantitative Metatranscriptomics Reveals Multifunctional Redundancy during Key Steps of Anaerobic Feed Degradation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-07)Ruminant livestock is a major source of the potent greenhouse gas methane. The complex rumen microbiome, consisting of bacteria, archaea, and microbial eukaryotes, facilitates anaerobic plant biomass degradation in the cow rumen, leading to methane emissions. Using an integrated approach combining multidomain quantitative metatranscriptomics with gas and volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiling, we ... -
Creativity in Science - Scientific Essay
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-13)Modern science is expected to generate new knowledge and understanding. In this scientific essay, I wish to explore the field of creativity in science by contributing a theoretical perspective on creativity and the creative process, which will include exemplifying different factors that promote or inhibit creativity, as well as reflecting on creativity in my own research project. In addition, I ... -
Drivers of diet patterns in a globally distributed freshwater fish species
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-24)We analysed data of a globally distributed model organism (brown trout) in an attempt to understand relationships among biogeography, prey communities and climate on diet composition at regional spatial scales (Scandinavia), and thereafter explored whether diet patterns remained the same at global scales. At regional scales, we uncovered comprehensive patterns in diet composition among neighbouring ... -
The antimicrobial effect of CEN1HC-Br against Propionibacterium acnes and its therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects on acne vulgaris
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-03)Propionibacterium acnes is a commensal bacterium, which is involved in acne inflammation. An antimicrobial peptide named CEN1HC-Br, which was isolated and characterized form the green sea urchin, has been shown to possess broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Little is known concerning the potential effects of its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties against P. acnes. To examine the potency ... -
The role of trust in sustainable management of land, fish, and wildlife populations in the Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-01)Sustainable resource management depends on support from the public and local stakeholders. Fish, wildlife, and land management in remote areas face the challenge of working across vast areas, often with limited resources, to monitor land use or the status of the fish-and-wildlife populations. Resource managers depend on local residents, often Indigenous, to gain information about environmental ... -
Open-mindedness and adaptive business style: Competences that contribute to building relationships in dissimilar export markets
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)<p><i>Purpose - </i>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of relational competences, such as open-mindedness and the ability to adapt business style, in developing trustworthy relationships through communication in the export markets in different cultural contexts. <p><i>Design/methodology/approach - </i>The analysis is performed on survey-based data from a sample consisting of 39.9 ... -
Trading Off Tourism for Fisheries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-22)This paper presents a deterministic bioeconomic model in which the creation of a marine protected area (MPA) is not only a fisheries management tool but also introduced in order to provide tourism amenity benefits. The theoretical model is illustrated with analysis of the Nha Trang Bay (NTB) MPA in Khanh Hoa province in Vietnam, where the anchovy purse seine fishery is considered. An amenity value ... -
Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-30)Climate change is one of many ongoing human-induced environmental changes, but few studies consider interactive effects between multiple anthropogenic disturbances. In coastal sub-arctic heathland, we quantified the impact of a factorial design simulating extreme winter warming (WW) events (7 days at 6–7∘C) combined with episodic summer nitrogen (+N) depositions (5 kg N ha-1) on plant winter physiology, ... -
Environmental DNA: A New Low-Cost Monitoring Tool for Pathogens in Salmonid Aquaculture
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-07)Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a relatively new monitoring tool featuring in an increasing number of applications such as the facilitation of the accurate and cost effective detection of species in environmental samples. eDNA monitoring is likely to have a major impact on the ability of salmonid aquaculture industry producers and their regulators to detect the presence and abundance of ... -
The sero-prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and their herders in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-20)<i>Background</i>: Brucellosis is a worldwide recognized bacterial zoonotic disease. There is currently no information on bovine brucellosis sero-prevalence in South Sudan regardless of the economic, social and public health impact on populations. Therefore, for the first time in 33 years, we report the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and their herders. Furthermore, we characterize the ... -
Lactic acid bacteria in finfish - An update
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-10)A complex and dynamic community of microorganisms, play important roles within the fish gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Of the bacteria colonizing the GI tract, are lactic acid bacteria (LAB) generally considered as favorable microorganism due to their abilities to stimulating host GI development, digestive function, mucosal tolerance, stimulating immune response, and improved disease resistance. ... -
Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size‐related traits across the tundra biome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-16)<p><i>Aim - </i>Plant functional groups are widely used in community ecology and earth system modelling to describe trait variation within and across plant communities. However, this approach rests on the assumption that functional groups explain a large proportion of trait variation among species. We test whether four commonly used plant functional groups represent variation in six ecologically ... -
What Determines the Purchase Intention of Liquid Milk during a Food Security Crisis? The Role of Perceived Trust, Knowledge, and Risk
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-16)Until today, inadequate food supply, malnutrition, food adulteration, etc., are still the key concern in developing economies. In order to address these issues of food security crisis, and to stimulate a sustainable supply of liquid milk (LM), a consumer behavior model was created, in which consumers’ perceived knowledge, trust and risk were the major catalysts. To shed light on this context, the ... -
Transforming conflicts from the bottom-up? Reflections on civil society efforts to empower marginalized fishers in postwar Sri Lanka
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)We analyze the efforts of an international consortium of academics and activists to understand and address a transnational fisheries conflict in South Asia. The so-called REINCORPFISH project (2010–2016) focused on an asymmetrical conflict between trawler fishers from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu who frequently transgress into Sri Lankan waters and northern Sri Lankan fishers, whose livelihoods ... -
Intestinal microbiome and its potential functions in bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) under different feeding strategies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-03)Bighead carps (<i>Aristichthys nobilis</i>) were divided into four groups with different feeding strategies: group A, nature live food only (fertiliser only, 200 g urea + 160 g ethylamine phosphate + 250 g Huangjintai bio-fertiliser); group B, nature live food + 1/2 formulated feed; group C, nature live food + formulated feed; and group D, formulated feed only. The intestinal microbiomes of the ... -
Do mothers also "manipulate" grandparental care?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-15)Paternity uncertainty has proven to be a robust ultimate hypothesis for predicting the higher investment in grandchildren observed among maternal grandparents compared to that of the paternal grandparents. Yet the proximate mechanisms for generating such preferred biases in grandparental investment remain unclear. Here we address two different questions for better understanding the proximate mechanisms ...
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