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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Handelshøgskolen ved UiT [724]
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Alternative bait trials in the Barents Sea snow crab fishery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-13)Commercial harvesting of snow crab (<i>Chionoecetes opilio</i>) in the Barents Sea started in 2012 by Norwegian fishing vessels. This new fishery has significant bait requirements, representing an emerging conservation challenge. In this study, we evaluate the performance of five alternative (natural) baits manufactured from the waste stream of existing and sustainably managed harp seal (<i>Pagophilus ... -
Keeping up with Jeremy Jones: Positional preferences and risky terrain choices
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2018-10-07)We use results from an online survey distributed in North America (N = 796), to analyze if backcountry riders’ level of contentment is affected by others’ backcountry activities, i.e., if they are positional, and if positionality for backcountry experiences is associated with increased risk-taking behavior. Our findings suggest that many are positional, and that positional preferences for challenging ... -
Anti-Bacterial Effect and Cytotoxicity Assessment of Lipid 430 Isolated from Algibacter sp.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-05)Two bacterial isolates from the Barents Sea, both belonging to the genus <i>Algibacter</i>, were found to yield extracts with anti-bacterial bioactivity. Mass spectrometry guided dereplication and purification of the active extracts lead to the isolation of the same active principle in both extracts. The structure of the bioactive compound was identified via mass spectrometry and nuclear resonance ... -
Effect of Antiviral Drugs against Cervid Herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) in vitro
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-11-15)Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) is an alphaherpesvirus found in Rangifer subspecies throughout most of the circumpolar Arctic and the causative agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). IKC occurs as regular outbreaks, affecting dozens of reindeer in a herd, and is most common and severe among calves and young animals. IKC ... -
Yearly variation in allelopathic compound production along a climatic gradient. A case of study of Empetrum nigrum
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-11-15)Empetrum nigrum is a plant common in northern ecosystems with capacity to produce allelopathic compounds, which among other effects inhibit seed establishment and germination of other plants. Some of the most studied compounds regarding this effect are batatasin-III and phenolic acids, among them caffeic acid, which account for a large proportion of the leaf’s biomass. 5 random sites were established ... -
Long-term ecological studies in northern lakes – challenges, experiences, and accomplishments
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-15)We review three long‐term research programs performed over the last four decades on the ecology and management of oligotrophic lake systems with different fish communities at 69° N in Norway. Through whole‐lake perturbation experiments, intensive culling of stunted fish removed 35 tons (1984–1991) of Arctic charr <i>Salvelinus alpinus</i> in Takvatn (15 km<sup>2</sup>) and 153 tons (1981–1983, ... -
Populasjonssykluser hos bjørkemålere – små dyr med enorme svingninger
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-27)Fjellbjørkemåler og liten frostmåler er to nattsommerfugler som har sykliske populasjonssvingninger i fjellbjørkeskogen i Skandinavia. Populasjonstopper kommer med omtrent ti års mellomrom, og tettheten av målere i toppår kan være flere tusen ganger høyere enn i bunnår. Selv om syklusene er godt beskrevet ved hjelp av lange tidsserier er årsaken til svingningene dårlig forstått. Antibeitestoffer hos ... -
Allochrony as a potential driver for reproductive isolation in adaptive radiations of European whitefish ecomorphs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-29)In northern Fennoscandian lakes, monophylogenetic lineages of postglacial fishes are radiating into several adaptive forms, but the speciation process is still at an incipient stage. The speciation process has received increased attention over the years, but the underlying mechanisms and drivers are still debated and poorly understood. European whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i> [L.]) is the most ... -
Consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward consuming functional foods in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-12)This study investigates antecedents of consumers’ attitudes and intentions to eating functional foods in a representative sample of Norwegian consumers (N = 810). The theory of planned behavior (TPB), with an extension of self-efficacy and descriptive norms and, as well, hedonic and utilitarian eating values, is used as a conceptual framework. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is applied to test ... -
Selection, Succession and Stabilization of Soil Microbial Consortia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-14)Soil microorganisms play fundamental roles in cycling of soil carbon, nitrogen, and other nutrients, yet we have a poor understanding of how soil microbiomes are shaped by their nutritional and physical environment. In this study, we investigated the successional dynamics of a soil microbiome during 21 weeks of enrichment on chitin and its monomer, N-acetylglucosamine. We examined succession of the ... -
Kartlegging av hendelsesforløp og beredskap under giftalgeangrepet våren 2019 - Astafjorden, Ofotfjorden, Vestfjorden og Tysfjorden
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2019)Rapporten beskriver hendelsesforløpet og beredskapen i forbindelse med giftalgeangrepet i Astafjorden, Ofotfjorden, Vestfjorden og Tysfjorden våren 2019: hva skjedde, hva ble gjort, hva fungerte og hva fungerte ikke. Rapporten belyser også håndteringen av situasjonen da den oppsto relatert til internkommunikasjon, handlingsrom, disponible ressurser i beredskapen, samt dialog med forvaltning og ... -
Non‐specific amplification compromises environmental DNA metabarcoding with COI
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-02)<ol> <li>Metabarcoding extra‐organismal DNA from environmental samples is now a key technique in aquatic biomonitoring and ecosystem health assessment. Of critical consideration when designing experiments, and especially so when developing community standards and legislative frameworks, is the choice of genetic marker and primer set. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), the standard ... -
Environmental DNA metabarcoding as an effective and rapid tool for fish monitoring in canals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-10)We focus on a case study along an English canal comparing environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding with two types of electrofishing techniques (wade‐and‐reach and boom‐boat). In addition to corroborating data obtained by electrofishing, eDNA provided a wider snapshot of fish assemblages. Given the semi‐lotic nature of canals, we encourage the use of eDNA as a fast and cost‐effective tool to detect and ... -
Earlier colony arrival but no trend in hatching timing in two congeneric seabirds (Uria spp.) across the North Atlantic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-23)A global analysis recently showed that seabird breeding phenology (as the timing of egg-laying and hatching) does not, on average, respond to temperature changes or advance with time (Keogan <i>et al.</i> 2018 <i>Nat. Clim. Change</i> <b>8</b>, 313–318). This group, the most threatened of all birds, is therefore prone to spatio-temporal mismatches with their food resources. Yet, other aspects of ... -
Influence of preservation methods, sample medium and sampling time on eDNA recovery in a neotropical river
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-31)Environmental DNA (eDNA) has rapidly emerged as a promising biodiversity monitoring technique, proving to be a sensitive and cost‐effective method for species detection. Despite the increasing popularity of eDNA, several questions regarding its limitations remain to be addressed. We investigated the effect of sampling medium and time, and preservation methods, on fish detection performance based on ... -
Forfeiting the priority effect: turnover defines biofilm community succession
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-18)Microbial community succession is a fundamental process that affects underlying functions of almost all ecosystems; yet the roles and fates of the most abundant colonizers are often poorly understood. Does early abundance spur long term persistence? How do deterministic and stochastic processes influence the ecological contribution of colonizers? We performed a succession experiment within a hypersaline ... -
Peracetic acid as a potential treatment for amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon - Stage 1
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2019-06)PERAGILL is an initiative that ultimately aims to develop an alternative treatment for the currently available therapies for amoebic gill disease (AGD) that have several practical and environmental issues. Peracetic acid (PAA) is a potent oxidant with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and decays into relatively safe residuals, thus, has been widely recognised as a sustainable disinfectant ... -
An effective method for the recapture of escaped farmed salmon
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-04-04)The search for effective strategies to prevent and mitigate accidental releases of aquaculture fishes is on-going. To test a new recapture strategy and evaluate the individual dispersal behaviour of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon <i>Salmo salar</i> L. at the northern limit of its range, 39 adult salmon (mean ± SD fork length and weight: 85.5 ± 5.0 cm and 7.4 ± 1.4 kg, respectively) were implanted ... -
The impact of entrepreneurship education on students' career reflections
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-25)The thesis aims to explore the impact entrepreneurship education (EE) has on students’ career reflections. EE has developed significantly in both scope and importance over recent decades and is now being taught worldwide at all education levels. Major stakeholders, such as educators, education institutions, funders, governments and policymakers, are investing heavily in terms of human and/or financial ... -
Resource polymorphism in European whitefish: Analysis of fatty acid profiles provides more detailed evidence than traditional methods alone
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-20)Resource polymorphism—whereby ancestral generalist populations give rise to several specialised morphs along a resource gradient—is common where species colonise newly formed ecosystems. This phenomenon is particularly well documented in freshwater fish populations inhabiting postglacial lakes formed at the end of the last ice age.<br> However, knowledge on how such differential exploitation of ...
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