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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi
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Policy context as a factor of bias in the valuation of environmental goods – a dual-process theories perspective
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Preprint; Manuskript, 2018-03-13)When ecosystem services value estimates are applied in the economic assessment of environmental policies, high accuracy of these estimates is required. One of the directions in the scientific discussion on biases in stated preference (SP) valuation surveys builds on dual-process theories of judgment. The paper contributes to this literature by presenting an experiment where two types of judgment ... -
Opportunity Cost of Environmental Conservation in the Presence of Externalities: Application to the Farmed and Wild Salmon Trade-Off in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Preprint; Manuskript, 2018-08-17)Estimation of the opportunity cost is necessary for the economic assessment of environmental conservation policies. This paper considers the case where an environmental good is negatively affected in the process of the production of marketable goods. In the presence of externalities, conservation implies the undertaking of abatement measures by polluters. A relevant measure of opportunity cost in ... -
Effects of acute exposure to dispersed oil and burned oil residue on long-term survival, growth, and reproductive development in polar cod (Boreogadus saida)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-05)The present study investigates the potential long-term physiological effects on maturing polar cod (<i>Boreogadus saida</i>), an Arctic key species, after an acute exposure (48 h) to environmentally realistic concentrations of either mechanically dispersed oil (MDO), chemically dispersed oil (CDO) or burned oil residues (BO) (N = 58–60 per treatment). Following exposure, fish were monitored in a ... -
Effects of dietary crude oil exposure on molecular and physiological parameters related to lipid homeostasis in polar cod (Boreogadus saida)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-17)Polar cod is an abundant Arctic key species, inhabiting an ecosystem that is subjected to rapid climate change and increased petroleum related activities. Few studies have investigated biological effects of crude oil on lipid metabolism in this species, despite lipids being a crucial compound for Arctic species to adapt to the high seasonality in food abundance in their habitat. This study examines ... -
The demands they are a-changin'
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-15)Smooth operators such as time trends are often applied to deal with unidentified demand shifters. However, if unknown factors affect demand irregularly, a time trend fails to capture the variation. We present an index approach for estimating irregular demand shifts, decomposing total demand shifts into predicted and unexplained effects. This allows separating demand shifts caused by known factors ... -
Paralithocins, Antimicrobial Peptides with Unusual Disulfide Connectivity from the Red King Crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Preprint; Manuskript, 2018-01-17)As part of an ongoing exploration of marine invertebrates as a source of new antimicrobial peptides, hemocyte extracts from the red king crab, <i>Paralithodes camtschaticus</i>, were studied. Three cationic cysteine (Cys)-rich peptides, named paralithocins 1–3, were isolated by bioassay-guided purification, and their amino acid sequences determined by Edman degradation and expressed sequences tag ... -
Local land use associated with socio-economic development in six arctic regions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-04)The socioeconomic causes of land use change are complex. They are highly context dependent, but most often studied through case studies. Here, we use a quasi-experimental paired block design to investigate whether better access to wage income leads to more visible land use around 28 settlements in six regions of the circumpolar Arctic. We mapped visible land use on high-resolution satellite images ... -
Measuring impact through experimental design in entrepreneurship education: A literature review and research agenda
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-16)True experimental design and quasi-experimental design are considered to be rigorous research designs appropriate for assessing the impact of pedagogical interventions. This study explores the extent and application of experimental design in impact research on entrepreneurship education (EE) based on a systematic literature review. The findings reveal a substantial lack of methodologically rigorous ... -
Japanese tourists’ relatedness and connectedness with nature
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-15)Nature-based tourism continues to gain importance globally. Research on sustainability claims that disconnection between nature and humanity may contribute to the environmental problems that we face in the 21st century. It is, thus, quintessential to better understand the underlying variables for sustainable behaviour in a tourism context. Research suggests scales on nature relatedness (NRS) and ... -
Using Machine Learning to Uncover Latent Research Topics in Fishery Models
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-16)Modeling has become the most commonly used method in fisheries science, with numerous types of models and approaches available today. The large variety of models and the overwhelming amount of scientific literature published yearly can make it difficult to effectively access and use the output of fisheries modeling publications. In particular, the underlying topic of an article cannot always be ... -
Could green artificial light reduce bycatch during Barents Sea Deep-water shrimp trawling?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-31)The Nordmøre grid is widely used in shrimp trawls to reduce the bycatch of fish species. However, small-sized fish species and juveniles still pass through the grid and enter the codend, along with the targeted shrimp. This bycatch of small fish has a negative impact on the ecosystem due to increased fish mortality, and leads to additional sorting work onboard. Some small-sized fish that enter the ... -
3-Chloro-N′-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) benzohydrazide: An LSD1-Selective Inhibitor and Iron-Chelating Agent for Anticancer Therapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-07)Despite the discovery and development of novel therapies, cancer is still a leading cause of death worldwide. In order to grow, tumor cells require large quantities of nutrients involved in metabolic processes, and an increase in iron levels is known to contribute to cancer proliferation. Iron plays an important role in the active site of a number of proteins involved in energy metabolism, DNA ... -
Small copepods matter: Population dynamics of Microsetella norvegica in a high-latitude coastal ecosystem
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-04)We investigated the population dynamics of a small and little-studied harpacticoid copepod, <i>Microsetella norvegica</i>, in a sub-Arctic Norwegian fjord (Balsfjord 69°N). We sampled with a 90 μm mesh WP-2 net and a 20 L Go-Flo bottle and found that the WP-2 under-sampled all juvenile stages. The abundance and biomass were high, peaking in June with 9349 × 10-<sup>3</sup> ind. m<sup>−2</sup> and ... -
Seasonal variation in the thermal responses to changing environmental temperature in the world's northernmost land bird
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-10)Arctic homeotherms counter challenges at high latitudes using a combination of seasonal adjustments in pelage/plumage, fat deposition and intricate thermoregulatory adaptations. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of their thermal responses to cold, particularly in Arctic birds. Here, we have studied the potential use of local heterothermy (i.e. tissue cooling that can contribute to ... -
The effect of Nordmøre grid length and angle on codend entry of bycatch fish species and shrimp catches
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-18)The Nordmøre grid is regarded as an efficient bycatch reducing device and is used in various shrimp trawl fisheries globally. However, in some shrimp fisheries bycatch remains a problem that seriously impacts commercial trawl activities. This study tested and compared the performance of two versions of the Nordmøre grid in the Northeast Arctic Deepwater Shrimp (Pandalus borealis) fishery; a standard ... -
Investigating fish behavioural responses to LED lights in trawls and potential applications for bycatch reduction in the Nephrops-directed fishery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-18)Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been tested in trawl fisheries to reduce the bycatch of unwanted species through behavioural stimulation. Previous studies used LED lights to either highlight escaping routes or increase the contact rate with square-mesh panels. However, phototactic responses (moving towards or away from light sources) to LED lights could also be exploited to separate species during ... -
CREELSELECT—A method for determining the optimal creel mesh: Case study on Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) fishery in the Mediterranean Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-31)In the laboratory, we investigated which sizes of <i>Nephrops</i> (<i>Nephrops norvegicus</i>) could pass through the meshes of different size and shape to establish a predictive model for the creels size selectivity. Predictions agreed well with the results from experimental fishing, demonstrating the reliability of this simple method. <i>Nephrops</i> minimum target size is 20 mm carapace length ... -
The efficiency of sieve-panels for bycatch separation in Nephrops trawls
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-11)This study investigated the efficiency of a sieve‐panel concept, intended to separate bycatch species from <i>Nephrops</i> (Norway lobster) in a trawl gear via mechanical and behavioural means. Four different designs of varying panel mesh size or inclination were tested in experimental fishing. For each design, the length‐dependent sieving efficiency, defined as the fraction of <i>Nephrops</i> or ... -
Size selection of cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) in the Northeast Atlantic bottom trawl fishery with a newly developed double steel grid system
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-06)In recent years, Norwegian fishermen have reported problems with fish accumulation in front of the mandatory sorting grids (Sort-X, Sort-V, and Flexigrid). These problems are associated with high fish entry rates and low water flow through the grid sections. In this study, we replaced the lifting panel in the original design of a sorting grid section (Sort-V) by another steel grid (“lower grid”) in ... -
Correlation between number of human cases of myiasis caused by the reindeer warble fly (Hypoderma tarandi) and weather conditions during summer in northern Scandinavia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-19)The reindeer warble fly (<i>Hypoderma tarandi</i>) causes myiasis in reindeer and caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus and subspecies</i>) and aberrant hosts such as humans. Of 22 human cases reported 1982–2016, 16 were children and 18 were residents in or visited northern parts of Norway or Sweden. Of a series of 39 new human cases in Norway 2011–2016 (reported 2017), 32 were children, 32 were resident ...
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