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Brain capillarization in diving mammals: a selection of staining and quantification methods
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)Diving species can cope with acute and repeated hypoxia through adaptations that are absent in non-diving animals. One of the greatest challenges to deal with during diving is the lowering of the arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2), which causes a decrease in the driving force for the oxygen diffusion from the capillaries to the cells. My hypothesis is that the marine mammalian brain shows improved brain ... -
Riverine and glacier influence on infaunal benthic communities in Isfjorden, Svalbard.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)Fjords are the interface between land and ocean, and processes happening on land have implication for the coastal areas. In addition, differences in fjord characteristics, such as morphology, sedimentation and water circulation, can drive differences in fjord ecology, including benthic community composition (Syvitsky et al. 1986). Soft-bottom macro-fauna was collected in August 2018 using a Van-Veen ... -
Seasonality in mercury bioaccumulation in particulate organic matter and zooplankton in a river-influenced Arctic fjord (Adventfjord, Svalbard).
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)Methylmercury (MeHg) is of concern because it has the capacity to readily bioaccumulate and biomagnify along trophic levels until humans, exhibiting toxic effects such as neurotoxicity. Increased permafrost melt (that stores large amounts of carbon and mercury (Hg)) and river inputs, are expected to increase the exposure to Hg through uptake and transfer of contaminants through the food web. The ... -
Full‐length 16S rRNA gene classification of Atlantic salmon bacteria and effects of using different 16S variable regions on community structure analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-04)Understanding fish‐microbial relationships may be of great value for fish producers as fish growth, development and welfare are influenced by the microbial community associated with the rearing systems and fish surfaces. Accurate methods to generate and analyze these microbial communities would be an important tool to help improve understanding of microbial effects in the industry. In this study, ... -
Activity of XTHs during host plant infection by the parasitic plant Cuscuta.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)Parasitic plants including Cuscuta develop specialized structures called haustoria during infection. These specialized organs give the parasite the capacity of host attachment, invasion, vasculature connection and material transfer between the host and the parasite. Successful invasion allows organic substances, nutrients and water to flow into the parasite through the host phloem and xylem cells. ... -
Time dependent temperature effects on methane production in Arctic peat soils
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-16)Peatlands constitute the largest natural reservoir of carbon on the planet making them key components in the global carbon balance. Peatlands are mostly found in the northern hemisphere under cold conditions. As the world is warming and arctic peatlands are becoming heavily influenced by increasing temperatures, an increased interest in the peat soil microbial systems have arisen. Methane, a potent ... -
Toxicology of the Svalbard Atlantic Puffin
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-19)The Arctic is a sink for pollutants that accumulate there via long-range transport and biomagnification of persistent organic pollutant (POPs). The main objectives of this study were to identify the pollutants in the Svalbard Atlantic puffin and to compare their levels with southern puffin colonies and Svalbard seabird species to assess risk to the puffin. Svalbard Samples were analysed for contaminants ... -
Impacts of water level regulation on trophic niche and growth of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Norwegian hydropower reservoirs
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)Hydropower is among the largest renewable energy sources globally. However, it can have drastic environmental and socio-economic impacts on dammed lakes (i.e., reservoirs) and rivers where water levels are regulated due to hydropower operations. Water level regulation in hydropower reservoirs is known to be a large environmental problem, leading to changes in the abiotic conditions, which subsequently ... -
Musculoskeletal symptoms among workers in the commercial fishing fleet of Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-25)<i>Background</i>: Fishers exposed to unfavourable environmental conditions may suffer negative health ef- fects. This study aimed to identify musculoskeletal symptoms in professional fishers in Norway using data from several sources; register data, telephone survey and questionnaire.<p> <p><i>Materials and methods</i>: Professional fishers (n = 25,971) registered in the period 2008-2013 were ... -
Seasonal abundance and activity of sympagic meiofauna in Van Mijenfjorden, Svalbard
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)The importance of landfast ice as a nursery and breeding ground for Arctic marine invertebrates was studied in Van Mijenfjorden (77°N, 15/16°W), southwestern Svalbard from March to May 2017. The collection of first-year ice cores with stations along a depth gradient allowed the investigation of both temporal and spatial differences in sympagic meiofauna community composition and abundance. Furthermore, ... -
Zooplankton communities on the Northeast coast of Greenland. How can we explain vertical and regional distribution?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-16)Most studies on zooplankton investigate the famous, and omnipresent, Calanoid copepods Calanus spp., because they are abundant, and constitute the major trophic link in marine ecosystems. Indeed, Northeast Greenland is located on the crossroad of Arctic and Atlantic waters which, potentially, can lead to a high biodiversity originating from different domains of marine life. However, there are very ... -
Kronisk bekkensmerte, muskelspenninger og selvopplevde helseplager
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-15)Sammendrag: Jeg har de siste 6 år jobbet ved nasjonalt kompetansesenter for inkontinens og bekkenbunnsykdom. I løpet av disse årene har jeg fått henvist et økende antall pasienter med kronisk bekkensmerte (KBS) til utredning og behandling. Min erfaring er at dette er en pasientgruppe med mange symptomer fra ulike organsystemer i tillegg til omfattende muskel- og skjelettplager. Til tross for de ... -
Perception and Appreciation of Plant Biodiversity, An assessment of human perception and appreciation of plant biodiversity using photography of artificial plant communities
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-07-31)Anthropogenically caused global biodiversity declines and other human drivers point to the possibility of local plant diversity changes. The well-studied effects of local plant diversity on ecosystem processes implicate consequences to human well-being in the form of altered ecosystem services (including cultural services). Public awareness (knowledge and correct perception) about these changes ... -
Suicidal behaviour in adolescence and later mental healthcare use: a population-based registry study of Norwegian youth. Exploring potential gender differences and ethnic differences between indigenous Sami and non-Sami
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-07-28)Background: The prevalence of suicidal behaviour among adolescents are high, and act as a risk factor of suicide. Suicide is considered a public health problem worldwide. Indigenous people are in general at higher risk of suicide than the majority population, and there are gender differences in the pathways of suicidal behaviour and suicides. Objectives: To investigate the association and importance ... -
Effects of Linear Versus Changes of Direction Repeated Sprints on Intermittent High Intensity Running Performance in High-level Junior Football Players over an Entire Season: A Randomized Trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-06)<i>Abstract</i>: Background: Changes of direction (COD) repeated sprints (RSs) might have greater relevance to football than linear RSs. We aimed to compare the effects of linear and COD RSs on intermittent high intensity running (HIR) over an entire season. <p> <p><i>Methods</i>: In total, 19 high-level male football players (16–19 years) randomly performed linear RSs or COD RSs twice a week ... -
Sammenslåingen til Ishavsbyen videregående skole: En suksess? En kvalitativ studie av sammenslåingen av Breivika videregående skole og Tromsø maritime skole
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Denne oppgaven dreier seg om sammenslåingen av Tromsø Maritime skole (TMS) og Breivika videregående skole til Ishavsbyen videregående. Sammenslåingen omfatter foreløpig bare organisatoriske endringer, men skal også innebære geografisk samlokalisering når et nytt skolebygg står klart om tre til fem år. Sammenslåingen foregår som et prosjekt parallelt med daglig drift. Vinklingen vi har valgt for ... -
Hvordan oppleves motivasjon og engasjement hos ansatte i Sparebank 1 Nord-Norge i dag, og hva kan gjøres for å tilrettelegge for motiverte ansatte som fremmer bankens målrealisering.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Formålet med denne oppgaven har vært å forsøke å redegjøre for hvilke faktorer ved jobb og ledelse som tilrettelegger for motivasjon i organisasjonen Sparebank 1 Nord-Norge. Bank- og finansnæringen går i likhet med mange andre områder av samfunnet gjennom en omfattende teknologisk utvikling, og da er det viktig at de menneskelige ressursene er motiverte for å klare å takle slike omfattende endringer, ... -
Fra profesjonsidentitet til lederidentitet. En studie om utvikling av lederidentitet
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-30)Formålet med denne oppgaven er forstå hvordan profesjonsutøvere opplever utvikling av lederidentitet. Å utvikle lederidentitet viser seg å være en prosess. En prosess der en går fra profesjonsutøver til å bli leder. En profesjonsutøver kalles gjerne for en hybridleder i forskningslitteraturen. Et moderne ord som brukes i mange sammenhenger. Identitet har flere interessante vinklinger på hvordan vi ... -
Hvilke belastninger opplever befalet ved ledelse av innsatser i sivilforsvaret, og hva kan gjøres for å forberede befalet på møtet med fremtidige belastninger?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Befal i Sivilforsvaret opplever belastninger i forbindelse med ledelse av innsatser i Sivilforsvaret. Belastningene er av psykisk og fysisk karakter og påvirker befalet ved ledelse av innsatser i Sivilforsvaret. Dette er det samlede innrykk basert på en undersøkelse av kvalitativ tilnærming hvor befal i Sivilforsvaret lot seg intervjue. En sentral belastning synes å være usikkerhet. Usikkerheten ... -
Validity of the Polar M430 Activity Monitor in Free-Living Conditions: Validation Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-16)<i>Background</i>: Accelerometers, often in conjunction with heart rate sensors, are extensively used to track physical activity (PA) in research. Research-grade instruments are often expensive and have limited battery capacity, limited storage, and high participant burden. Consumer-based activity trackers are equipped with similar technology and designed for long-term wear, and can therefore ...
