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    • Barn og unges medvirkning i barnevernet: en systematisk kartleggingsoversikt 

      Ormstad, Sari Susanna; Hestevik, Christine Hillestad; Munthe-Kaas, Heather Menzies; Blaasvær, Nora; Muller, Ashley Elizabeth; Berg, Rigmor (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2020)
      Barn har rett til å medvirke i alle saker som vedrører dem. Barne-, ungdoms- og familiedirektoratet (Bufdir) ønsket en oversikt over forskning som har undersøkt barn og unges medvirkning i barnevernet: 1) hvordan barn og unge involveres i barnevernet, 2) barn og unges opplevelser med og preferanser for medvirkning, 3) dilemmaer knyttet til medvirkning, og 4) effektene av medvirkning.<p> <p>Metode ...

    • Serologic markers of Chlamydia trachomatis and other sexually transmitted infections and subsequent ovarian cancer risk: Results from the EPIC cohort 

      Idahl, Annika; Le Cornet, Charlotte; González Maldonado, Sandra; Waterboer, Tim; Bender, Noemi; Tjønneland, Anne; Hansen, Louise; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Fournier, Agnès; Kvaskoff, Marina; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Valanou, Elissavet; Peppa, Eleni; Palli, Domenico; Agnoli, Claudia; Mattiello, Amalia; Tumino, Rosaria; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte; Gram, Inger Torhild; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Quirós, J. Ramón; Duell, Eric J.; Sánchez, Maria-Jose; Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores; Barricarte, Aurelio; Gil, Leire; Brändstedt, Jenny; Riesbeck, Kristian; Lundin, Eva; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Gunter, Marc; Dossus, Laure; Kaaks, Rudolf; Fortner, Renée T. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-03)
      A substantial proportion of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) arises in the fallopian tube and other epithelia of the upper genital tract; these epithelia may incur damage and neoplastic transformation after sexually transmitted infections (STI) and pelvic inflammatory disease. We investigated the hypothesis that past STI infection, particularly Chlamydia trachomatis, is associated with higher EOC ...

    • Porosira glacialis as a possible source of lipids for human consumption and aquaculture feed 

      Dalheim, Lars (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-20)
      Det er et stort behov for marine langkjedede omega-3 fettsyrer både til humant konsum og til fiskefôr. De langkjedede omega-3 fettsyrene EPA og DHA har gunstige helseeffekter for både mennesker og fisk. Mengden villfanget fisk har de siste 40 årene nådd maksimal utnyttelse mens volumet av oppdrettsfisk har økt betraktelig. Mangelen på marint råstoff har ført til en økt andel terrestrisk råstoff i ...

    • Smoking-Related Risks of Colorectal Cancer by Anatomical Subsite and Sex 

      Gram, Inger Torhild; Park, Song-Yi; Wilkens, Lynne R; Haiman, Christopher A.; Le Marchand, Loïc (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-23)
      The purpose of this study was to examine whether the increased risk of colorectal cancer due to cigarette smoking differed by anatomical subsite or sex. We analyzed data from 188,052 participants aged 45–75 years (45% men) who were enrolled in the Multiethnic Cohort Study in 1993–1996. During a mean follow-up period of 16.7 years, we identified 4,879 incident cases of invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma. ...

    • Grain and dietary fiber intake and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies 

      Yu, Evan Y W; Wesselius, Anke; Mehrkanoon, Siamak; Brinkman, Maree; van den Brandt, Piet; White, Emily; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Le Calvez-Kelm, Florence; Gunter, Marc; Huybrechts, Inge; Liedberg, Fredrik; Skeie, Guri; Tjonneland, Anne; Riboli, Elio; Giles, Graham; Milne, Roger L; Zeegers, Maurice P. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-10)
      Background - Higher intakes of whole grains and dietary fiber have been associated with lower risk of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and inflammation, which are known predisposing factors for cancer.<p> <p>Objectives - Because the evidence of association with bladder cancer (BC) is limited, we aimed to assess associations with BC risk for intakes of whole grains, refined grains, and dietary ...

    • Comparing Calculated Nutrient Intakes Using Different Food Composition Databases: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort 

      Van Puyvelde, Heleen; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Casagrande, Corinne; Nicolas, Geneviève; Versele, Vickà; Skeie, Guri; Schulze, Matthias B.; Johansson, Ingegerd; Huerta, José María; Oliverio, Andreina; Ricceri, Fulvio; Halkjær, Jytte; Etxezarreta, Pilar Amiano; Van Herck, Koen; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Gunter, Marc J.; Huybrechts, Inge (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-23)
      This study aimed to compare calculated nutrient intakes from two different food composition databases using data from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Dietary intake data of the EPIC cohort was recently matched to 150 food components from the U.S. nutrient database (USNDB). Twenty-eight of these nutrients were already included in the EPIC nutrient ...

    • Demographic variation in fit note receipt and long-term conditions in south London 

      Dorrington, Sarah; Carr, Ewan; Stevelink, Sharon A. M.; Dregan, Alexandru; Whitney, David; Durbaba, Stevo; Ashworth, Mark; Mykletun, Arnstein; Broadbent, Matthew; Madan, Ira; Hatch, Stephani; Hotopf, Matthew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-24)
      Objectives - Introduced in the UK in 2010, the fit note was designed to address the problem of long-term sickness absence. We explored (1) associations between demographic variables and fit note receipt, ‘maybe fit’ use and long-term conditions, (2) whether individuals with long-term conditions receive more fit notes and are more likely to have the ‘maybe fit’ option selected and (3) whether long-term ...

    • Glucose Regulation for In-Silico Type 1 Diabetes Patients Using Reinforcement Learning 

      Tejedor Hernández, Miguel Ángel (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-07)
      Type 1 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels as a consequence of deficiency of the hormone insulin, requiring the patient to follow a strict personalized protocol of food intake, subcutaneous insulin administration as a lifelong treatment for the high blood glucose levels, and exercise. This condition leads to acute complications, damaging several organs and ...

    • C-reactive protein-guided antibiotic prescribing for COPD exacerbations: A qualitative evaluation 

      Phillips, Rhiannon; Stanton, H.; Singh-Mehta, A.; Gillespie, David; Bates, Janine; Gal, Micaela; Thomas-Jones, Emma; Lowe, Rachel; Hood, Kerenza; Llor, Carl; Melbye, Hasse; Cals, Jochen; White, Patrick; Butler, Christopher C.; Francis, Nick (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-25)
      Background - Antibiotics are prescribed to >70% of patients presenting in primary care with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The PACE randomised controlled trial found that a C-reactive protein point-of-care test (CRP-POCT) management strategy for AECOPD in primary care resulted in a 20% reduction in patient-reported antibiotic consumption over 4 weeks.<p> <p>Aim ...

    • Ice-albedo tipping points in a diffusive energy-balance model with land and ocean 

      Hilbertsen, Kristian Bergum (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-01-20)
      The ice-albedo feedback is associated with the nonlinearity in the climate system, due to the sudden change in albedo between ice-free and ice-covered surfaces. This nonlinearity can potentially cause abrupt and dramatic shifts in the climate, referred to as tipping points. It is also believed that this mechanism has contributed significantly to the precipitous losses of Arctic sea ice, which have ...

    • On the phantom-like appearance of bilingualism effects on neurocognition: (How) should we proceed? 

      Leivada, Evelina; Westergaard, Marit; Dunabeitia Landaburu, Jon Andoni; Rothman, Jason (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-22)
      Numerous studies have argued that bilingualism has effects on cognitive functions. Recently, in light of increasingly mixed empirical results, this claim has been challenged. One might ponder if there is enough evidence to justify a cessation to future research on the topic or, alternatively, how the field could proceed to better understand the phantom-like appearance of bilingual effects. Herein, ...

    • Metachronous Contralateral Testicular Cancer in the Cisplatin Era: A Population-Based Cohort Study 

      Hellesnes, Ragnhild; Myklebust, Tor Åge; Bremnes, Roy M.; Karlsdottir, Åsa; Kvammen, Øivind; Negaard, Helene Francisca Stigter; Tandstad, Torgrim; Wilsgaard, Tom; Fosså, Sophie Dorothea; Haugnes, Hege Sagstuen (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-23)
      PURPOSE - It is hypothesized that cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CBCT) reduces the occurrence of metachronous contralateral (second) germ cell testicular cancer (TC). However, studies including treatment details are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the second TC risk, emphasizing the impact of previous TC treatment.<p> <p>PATIENTS AND METHODS - Based on the Cancer Registry of Norway, ...

    • Environmental pollutants in blood donors: The multicentre Norwegian donor study 

      Averina, Maria; Hervig, Tor; Huber, Sandra; Kjær, Mette; Kristoffersen, Einar Klæboe; Bolann, Bjørn Johan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-11)
      <i>Objectives</i> - The aim of this study was to measure blood concentrations of environmental pollutants in Norwegian donors and evaluate the risk of pollutant exposure through blood transfusions.<br><br> <i>Background</i> - Transfused blood may be a potential source of exposure to heavy metals and organic pollutants and presents a risk to vulnerable patient groups such as premature infants.<b ...

    • Prognostic value of absolute quantification of mutated KRAS in circulating tumour DNA in lung adenocarcinoma patients prior to therapy 

      Wahl, Sissel Gyrid Freim; Hong, Yan Dai; Emdal, Elisabeth Fritzke; Ottestad, Anine Larsen; Dale, Vibeke Grotnes; Richardsen, Elin; Halvorsen, Tarje Onsøien; Grønberg, Bjørn Henning (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-27)
      Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is a highly sensitive and accurate method for quantification of nucleic acid sequences. We used absolute quantification of mutated v‐Ki‐ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homology gene (KRAS) by ddPCR to investigate the prognostic role of mutated KRAS in patients with KRAS‐mutated lung adenocarcinomas. Pre‐treatment plasma samples from 60 patients ...

    • Urinary excretion of epidermal growth factor and rapid loss of kidney function 

      Norvik, Jon Viljar; Harskamp, Laura R.; Nair, Viji; Shedden, Kerby; Solbu, Marit Dahl; Eriksen, Bjørn Odvar; Kretzler, Matthias; Gansevoort, Ron T.; Ju, Wenjun; Melsom, Toralf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-17)
      Background - Lower urinary excretion of the kidney tubule–specific biomarker epidermal growth factor (uEGF) is associated with increased risk of renal function [glomerular filtration rate (GFR)] loss in diabetes and in patients with established chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated whether uEGF is associated with rapid GFR decline or incident CKD in the general population.<p> <p>Methods ...

    • Machine learning algorithms performed no better than regression models for prognostication in traumatic brain injury 

      Gravesteijn, BY; Nieboer, Daan; Ercole, Ari; Lingsma, Hester F; Nelson, David; Van Calster, Ben; Steyerberg, Ewout W; Andelic, Nada; Anke, Audny; Frisvold, Shirin; Helseth, Eirik; Røe, Cecilie; Røise, Olav; Skandsen, Toril; Vik, Anne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-19)
      <i>Objective</i> - We aimed to explore the added value of common machine learning (ML) algorithms for prediction of outcome for moderate and severe traumatic brain injury.<br><br> <i>Study Design and Setting</i> - We performed logistic regression (LR), lasso regression, and ridge regression with key baseline predictors in the IMPACT-II database (15 studies, <i>n</i> = 11,022). ML algorithms ...

    • Sustainable Business Models: A Systematic Review of Approaches and Challenges in Manufacturing 

      Agwu, Ukeje Jacob; Bessant, John Robert (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-12)
      Objective: there is an ongoing need for businesses to strive to maintain ideals within environmental, economic, and social values — commonly known as the triple bottom line. Manufacturing as a sector has advanced drastically and the literature on sustainable business models in this sector has emerged. The purpose of this paper is to analyze sustainable business models in manufacturing and the ...

    • User requirements meet large-scale EHR suites: Norwegian preparations for Epic 

      Ellingsen, Gunnar; Hertzum, Morten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Electronic health records (EHRs) are becoming the norm in healthcare. Typically, these EHRs are large-scale suite systems. The up-front presence of ready-for-use EHR suites changes the role of user requirements and the conditions for deciding which requirements to include in the final contract. In this paper, we investigate how user requirements are negotiated in the ongoing preparations for the ...

    • Exploring Realistic Mathematics Education in a Flipped Classroom Context at the Tertiary Level 

      Fredriksen, Helge (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-01)
      Flipped classroom (FC) pedagogical frameworks have recently gained considerable popularity, especially at secondary school levels. However, there are rich opportunities to explore FC at tertiary levels, but progress on the area requires instructors’ attention to well-designed tasks for students’ collaborative learning. Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) provides a foundation for the development ...

    • Rethinking the Encounter Between Law and Nature in the Anthropocene: From Biopolitical Sovereignty to Wonder 

      De Lucia, Vito (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-22)
      The rise of the idea of the Anthropocene is promoting multiple reflections on its meaning. As we consider entering this new geological epoch, we realize the pervasiveness of humankind’s deconstruction and reconstruction of the Earth, in both geophysical and discursive terms. As the body of the Earth is marked and reshaped, so is its idea. From a hostile territory to be subjugated and exploited through ...