There many risks associated with wind farms operating in cold harsh areas, a number of these risks is caused by icing. Atmospheric and super-structure icing can cause ice accretion on wind turbines’ structure, and lead to public safety risks caused by ice throw and the failure of wind turbine’s components. Other risks can affect wind farm’s maintenance crew and their activities. Such risks are ...

The article is an analytical state-of-the-art review of the Russian Federation’s critical infrastructure policy, starting from the 1990s but zooming in on the current situation. The article discusses what does critical infrastructure mean in the Russian context. It explores the country’s threat scenarios in this field, and asks what part is played by cyber security threats in this context. Further, ...

Arbeidet analyserer tilgjengelig søk og redningskapasitet (SAR), med fokus på søk, med sikte på å avdekke forbedringspunkter. Arbeidet er begrenset til Norges ansvarsområde i henhold til Arktisk råds avtale om søk og redning i Arktis. Redningshelikopter på SAR beredskap består av 2 AS332L1 AWSAR på Svalbard, et Sea King på Banak og et i Bodø. I tillegg har Bristow et EC225 AWSAR helikopter i Hammerfest. ...

In summary, the study on sustainable development in the late 20th century aimed to balance economic, social, and environmental factors in open-pit mining. The study found that while mining has negative ecological impacts, it also has positive economic and social benefits. The study analyzed 77 articles and found a growing trend in scientific interest in sustainable development research from 1985 to ...

Sea-spray icing resulting from sea spray droplets accreting on exposed surfaces poses a significant safety concern for vessels and marine structures operating in cold climate regions. One of the key parameters determining the amount of ice accretion is the quantity of incoming sea spray, which eventually comes in contact with the structure in the presence of brine film freezing temperature. Hence, ...

This paper presents findings of a comparative study carried out in Poland and the Czech Republic, which analysed the societal attitudes towards migration and migrants in Europe. Our research shows that the reaction to migration in Poland and the Czech Republic constitutes a reversed (bottom up) securitisation. Moreover, contrary to the majority of security challenges where the immediate threats are ...

Due to the increasing pressure from stricter environmental regulations to reduce emissions in shipping, the maritime industry has been striving for finding more effective measures. Existing measures are often not enough to comply with new regulations. Among various alternative measures, it is not easy for decision-makers (shipowners and operators) to choose the most suitable alternative measure as ...

This study approached a physically based, semi-distributed SWAT model to test the model sensitivity to the spatial distribution of precipitation. Ten scenarios of precipitation from five scattered rain gauges in an Arctic watershed Målselv in northern Norway were used as inputs to run the SWAT model. Streamflows were simulated. The model runs at monthly time interval based on the historical data of ...

Modern vessels are designed to collect, store and communicate large quantities of ship performance and navigation information through complex onboard data handling processes. That data should be transferred to shore based data centers for further analysis and storage. However, the associated transfer cost in large-scale data sets is a major challenge for the shipping industry, today. The same cost ...