In a risk analysis we identify the causes that could lead to unwanted events/ outcomes. We introduce barriers that will reduce the probabilities of such events and also barriers that will mitigate the consequences of such events.<p> <p>Regarding Arctic Marine Transportation Challenges, more attention should be placed on communicating all work that is undertaken to enhance the safety and limit ...

Marine operations require careful early planning and thereafter detailed planning prior to project execution. The time from initiating an operation to finalization of the activity is typically several days. The activity can only be conducted during limited weather conditions. The planning prior to the offshore operations does, therefore, require accurate weather forecasting. The weather conditions ...

One consequence of the declining ice cover in the Arctic is increased areas of open seas. These new open sea areas lead to some challenging aspects related to ship stability. Longer fetch lengths, associated with build-up of larger waves followed by increased conditions for sea spray icing on vessels is one aspect. Open seas in combination with cold atmospheric temperatures is a prerequisite for ...

The Arctic has great significance in relation to the exploration and exploitation of its huge petroleum resources. Seismic surveys are the key part of petroleum exploration. Reflected sound waves are used to produce a 3D subsurface geological model, which helps to take a decision on drilling location for potential hydrocarbon resources. Seismic surveys are very complex operations, and growing energy ...