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norskInstitutt for samfunnsmedisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1221-1240 of 2031
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Identifying and measuring patient harms. A study of measuring adverse events in hospitalised patients by the Global Trigger Tool record review method
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-24)Patient harms, or adverse events which is the term used in this PhD thesis, is a global health problem. The Global Trigger Tool (GTT) is a widely used method to identify and measure adverse events (AEs). The method involves reviewers searching for triggers (situations) in randomly selected medical records and subsequently identifying AEs. However, the method is criticized due to the time used by ... -
Is a modified Global Trigger Tool method using automatic trigger identification valid when measuring adverse events? A comparison of review methods using automatic and manual trigger identification
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-08)<p><i>Objectives - </i>To evaluate a modified Global Trigger Tool (GTT) method with manual review of automatic triggered records to measure adverse events. <p><i>Design - </i>A cross-sectional study was performed using the original GTT method as gold standard compared to a modified GTT method. <p><i>Setting - </i>Medium size hospital trust in Northern Norway. <p><i>Participants - </i>One thousand ... -
Is inter-rater reliability of Global Trigger Tool results altered when members of the review team are replaced?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-12)<p><i>Objective - </i>To evaluate the inter-rater reliability of results from Global Trigger Tool (GTT) reviews when one of the three reviewers remains consistent, while one or two reviewers rotate. <p><i>Design - </i>Comparison of results from retrospective record review performed as a cross-sectional study with three review teams each consisting of two non-physicians and one physician; Team I ... -
Does increasing the size of bi-weekly samples of records influence results when using the Global Trigger Tool? An observational study of retrospective record reviews of two different sample sizes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-04-25)<p><i>Objectives - </i>To investigate the impact of increasing sample of records reviewed bi-weekly with the Global Trigger Tool method to identify adverse events in hospitalised patients. <p><i>Design - </i>Retrospective observational study. <p><i>Setting - </i>A Norwegian 524-bed general hospital trust. <p><i>Participants - </i>1920 medical records selected from 1 January to 31 December ... -
Styringsutfordringer i ny søknadsbasert turnusordning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017)Geografisk fordeling av leger er ett av målene med turnusordningen. Formålet med denne artikkelen er å peke på noen styringsutfordringer i den nye søknadsbaserte turnusordningen sett i lys av dette målet. De handler blant annet om selektiv oppmerksomhet fra helsemyndighetens side og mangler i samstyringen mellom helseforetak og kommuner. -
Hvordan møte utfordringer for fastlegetjenesten i distriktene?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2018)En god fastlegetjeneste er viktig, ikke minst der det er lang avstand til sykehus. I Nord-Norge er avstandene store, og gjennomsnittlig reisetid fra de 87 kommunesentra i Nord-Norge til nærmeste sykehus er 2 timer og 6 minutter. I denne artikkelen beskriver vi fastlegetjenesten i Nord-Norge samtidig som vi fokuserer på sentrale utfordringer som gjelder rekruttering av fastleger, det å få fastleger ... -
Achieving Thoracic Oncology data collection in Europe: a precursor study in 35 Countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-20)<i>Background</i>: A minority of European countries have participated in international comparisons with high level data on lung cancer. However, the nature and extent of data collection across the continent is simply unknown, and without accurate data collection it is not possible to compare practice and set benchmarks to which lung cancer services can aspire.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Using an ... -
Complementary and alternative medicine for treatment of atopic eczema in children under 14 years old: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-26)<i>Background</i>: Due to limitations of conventional medicine for atopic eczema (AE), complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widely used as an alternative, maintaining, or simultaneous treatment for AE. We aimed to evaluate the beneficial and harmful effects of CAM for children with AE under 14 years old.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We searched for randomized trials on CAM in 12 Chinese and ... -
Time trends of persistent organic pollutants in 30 year olds sampled in 1986, 1994, 2001 and 2007 in Northern Norway: Measurements, mechanistic modeling and a comparison of study designs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-01)<p><i>Background</i>: Human biomonitoring studies have demonstrated decreasing concentrations of many persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in years after emission peaks.</p> <p><i>Objectives</i>: To describe time trends of POPs in blood using four cross-sectional samples of 30 year olds from Tromsø, Norway across 1986–2007, and to compare the measured concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl ... -
Risk prediction for estrogen receptor-specific breast cancers in two large prospective cohorts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-03)<p><i>Background</i>: Few published breast cancer (BC) risk prediction models consider the heterogeneity of predictor variables between estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-) tumors. Using data from two large cohorts, we examined whether modeling this heterogeneity could improve prediction.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We built two models, for ER+ (Model<sub>ER+</sub>) and ER- tumors ... -
Mitochondrial DNA copy number variation, leukocyte telomere length, and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-17)<p><i>Background</i>: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) copy number and deletions have been proposed as risk markers for various cancer types, including breast cancer (BC).</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: To gain a more comprehensive picture on how these markers can modulate BC risk, alone or in conjunction, we performed simultaneous measurements of LTL and mtDNA copy number ... -
Physical activity patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study: A population-based prospective study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-04)<p><I>Introduction</I>: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Physical activity (PA) has been associated with reduced risk of CRC; however, this has been demonstrated more consistently in men, while results of studies in women have been largely equivocal. We aimed to further examine the relationship between PA patterns and the risk of CRC in women, using ... -
Prevalence of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and patient perceptions of severity in Sweden, Norway and Denmark: Results from the nordic patient survey of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-07)Optimal clinical management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) Optimal clinical management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) requires understanding of the impact on patients. The NORdic PAtient survey of Psoriasis and PsA (NORPAPP) aimed to obtain current data on disease prevalence and patient perceptions in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. Among 22,050 individuals questioned, the reported ... -
Relationships between intensity, duration, cumulative dose, and timing of smoking with age at menopause: A pooled analysis of individual data from 17 observational studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-27)<p><i>Background</i>: Cigarette smoking is associated with earlier menopause, but the impact of being a former smoker and any dose-response relationships on the degree of smoking and age at menopause have been less clear. If the toxic impact of cigarette smoking on ovarian function is irreversible, we hypothesized that even former smokers might experience earlier menopause, and variations in intensity, ... -
Relations between the use of electronic health and the use of general practitioner and somatic specialist visits in patients with type 1 diabetes: Cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-07)<p><i>Background</i>: The prevalence of diabetes and the use of electronic health (eHealth) are increasing. People with diabetes need frequent monitoring and follow-up of health parameters, and eHealth services can be of great value. However, little is known about the association between the use of eHealth and provider-based health care services among people with diabetes.</p> <p><i>Objective</i>: ... -
The significance of cultural norms and clinical logics for the perception of possible relapse in rural Northern Norway – sensing symptoms of cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-31)Little is known about the process from experiencing indeterminate bodily sensations to perceiving them as possible symptoms of cancer relapse. We explore how such processes are related to local values and to clinical practice in rural Northern Norway. One-year ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in a coastal village involving ten key participants residing in the village who had undergone cancer ... -
In search of a common currency: A comparison of seven EQ‐5D‐5L value sets
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-24)The recently published EQ‐5D‐5L value sets from Canada, England, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Spain, and Uruguay are compared with an aim to identify any similarities in preference pattern. We identify some striking similarities for Canada, England, the Netherlands, and Spain in terms of (a) the relative importance of the 5 dimensions; (b) the relative utility decrements across the 5 levels; and ... -
Teamwork in primary palliative care: general practitioners’ and specialised oncology nurses’ complementary competencies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-21)<p><i>Background</i>: Generalists such as general practitioners and district nurses have been the main actors in community palliative care in Norway. Specialised oncology nurses with postgraduate palliative training are increasingly becoming involved. There is little research on their contribution. This study explores how general practitioners (GPs) and oncology nurses (ONs) experience their ... -
Patterns of detectable viraemia among children and adults with HIV infection taking antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-31)<i>Objective</i>: To investigate the incidence and predictors of viraemia among individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Harare, Zimbabwe.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Children (0–19 years) and adults (>19 years) starting ART between 2013 and 2015 were followed for a median of 2.8 and 2.7 years, respectively. The incidence rates of virological failure (VF), low-level viraemia (LLV), and viral ... -
Applying GRADE-CERQual to qualitative evidence synthesis findings–paper 7: understanding the potential impacts of dissemination bias
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-25)<p><i>Background</i>: The GRADE-CERQual (Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research) approach has been developed by the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) Working Group. The approach has been developed to support the use of findings from qualitative evidence syntheses in decision-making, including guideline development and policy formulation. ...
