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Development of quantitative PCR method for Escherichia coli detection in human stool samples
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-06-12)The gut microbiome is a complex community of microorganisms that reside in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. This diverse ecosystem includes Escherichia coli (E. coli), which are not just present, but are essential in maintaining health by aiding digestion, synthesising vitamins such as Vitamin B12 and K, and protecting against pathogens. E. coli is a versatile bacterium with various ... -
Sex-specific association between coffee consumption and inflammation: the population-based Tromsø7 Study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-31)Abstract Introduction: Various studies have explored the association between coffee consumption and the risk of inflammation, yet results are inconsistent. Few studies have examined these association separately in women and men and by type of coffee consumed. We therefore aimed to further investigate this association in a heavy coffee drinking population by including four different methods of ... -
The effectiveness of closed-loop communication training for healthcare providers on use, medical errors, and task performance: a systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-31)Background: Patient harm from unsafe healthcare resulting in medical errors is an increasing global health challenge, ranking among the top causes of mortality on a global basis. These incidents often stem from clinical process failures, with a substantial proportion directly attributed to miscommunication and communication breakdowns. Numerous healthcare providers have admitted to having caused ... -
Antibiotikaresistens – historien om da bakteriene slo tilbake
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-06)Bakterier er dynamiske organismer som gjennom sin plastisitet og kontinuerlige tilpasning til omgivelsene illustrerer evolusjon gjennom naturlig utvalg og «survival of the fittest». Økt forekomst av antibiotikaresistens er et naturlig og forventet svar på utstrakt bruk av antibiotika. Dette forklarer hvorfor historien om utvikling og utbredelse av antibiotika følges av en parallell historie: ... -
Profiles of Occupational Therapy Students: A Cluster Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-17)While studies have examined predictors of study performance in various student groups, cluster analytic studies identify groups of students with similar characteristics. The purpose of this study was to explore relevant clusters of occupational therapy students and examine profile differences between participants in different clusters. A total of 177 first-year students from six occupational therapy ... -
The role of gender, stress, and social support in parents' pandemic well-being: A cross-national study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-15)Objective The goal was to investigate whether and how the well-being of mothers and fathers was differentially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in four European countries and whether differences in stress and social support explain observed gender differences. Background Previous research documents that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on many people's lives and that some groups, ... -
The influence of parents' and partner's education on own health behaviours
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-17)The link between educational attainment and multiple health behaviours has been explained in various ways. This paper provides new insights into the social patterning in health behaviours by investigating the influence of parents' and partners' educational attainments on a composite indicator that integrates the four commonly studied lifestyle behaviours (smoking, alcohol, physical activity and BMI). ... -
Health complaints before and at one and five years after removal of dental amalgam restorations - data from a prospective cohort study in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-03)Objective: Health complaints attributed to dental amalgam fillings comprise both intraoral and general health complaints. There are data suggesting that patients with medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) attributed to amalgam fillings show improvement in symptoms after removal of all amalgam fillings. However, data indicating changes of specific health complaints are limited. This study ... -
Barne- og ungdomspsykiatri i et lavinntektsland (Nepal). Utfordringer, barrierer og muligheter i pasientbehandling og i samarbeid med distriktene. En kvalitativ studie
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-06-15)Denne masteroppgaven tar for seg hvilke erfaringer kliniske psykologer og psykiatere ved det første BUP-senteret i Nepal har hatt med å utvikle barne- og ungdomspsykiatriske tjenester i et av verdens fattigste land. Det ble gjennomført kvalitative, individuelle dybdeintervjuer på engelsk av til sammen åtte informanter: fire psykologer og fire psykiatere fra BUP-poliklinikken på Kanti Children's ... -
Nature Connectedness in Preschool Children
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-05-02)This study aimed to assess nature connectedness in preschool children. Spending time in nature is associated with multiple health benefits, in terms of cognitive, social, and emotional well-being. Individuals who are highly connected to nature tend to spend more time in nature. The objectives of this study were threefold: to examine if children in nature preschools differ in their nature connectedness ... -
Advice from Humans and Artificial Intelligence: Can We Distinguish Them, and is One Better Than the Other?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-05-01)The emergence of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought about the release of large language models (LLM) to the public. People are increasingly turning to AI for information and advice. Little is known about the quality of the AI output. This raises urgent questions regarding whether we can distinguish AI from human resources, how the quality of the content compares, and whether we ... -
Hvordan samsvarer verdier for jodinntak målt ved ulike metoder? Resultater fra unge kvinner i MISA 2-undersøkelsen
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Introduksjon: Utilstrekkelig jodinntak er et folkehelseproblem i flere land. Mange land i Europa og Norden har individer som er i risiko for mild til moderat jodmangel. Særlig fertile kvinner, gravide og ammende er i risiko. Jod er et sporstoff som er essensielt for thyreoideahormonene trijodtyrotyronin og tyroksin. Hormonene er involvert i reguleringen av metabolismen og er viktig for normal utvikling ... -
Intake of Fat and the Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Worldwide, ovarian cancer is the 8th most common cancer type for women. According to The World Cancer Research Fund, the research on the associations between intake of fat and risk of ovarian cancer is limited. The aim was to study the possible associations between the intake of total fat, trans fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol ... -
An Investigation into the Effects of Chronic High Fructose Consumption on Liver Histology, Triglyceride Content and Gene Expression in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)Background: Chronic high fructose intake is associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Fructose metabolised in the liver is not subject to the same strict regulation as glucose, and high fructose intake can therefore increase lipid production and storage, leading to detrimental metabolic changes. Fructose may also induce hypertension ... -
Fish consumption and time trends in blood concentrations of six perfluoroalkyl acids
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-13)The European Food Safety Authority has established a new upper limit for weekly intake of four different perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), which the Norwegian population exceeds through current fish consumption. PFAA blood concentrations are influenced by various factors and concentrations in the environment has undergone significant changes in the last 30 years. This thesis aimed to assess the potential ... -
Forensic DNA phenotyping - Towards reliable and accurate DNA tests for prediction of eye colour, hair colour and biogeographical ancestry
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-06-27)Forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) can aid police investigations where there is no match between the crime scene DNA and a suspect or a database hit. By using FDP, we can predict appearance and biogeographical ancestry (BGA) of an unknown person. These DNA tests are currently being implemented in forensic casework in many countries. However, prior to implementation, the methods have to be evaluated and ... -
Biogeographical Ancestry Analyses Using the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep Kit and Multiple Prediction Tools
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-04-18)The inference of biogeographical ancestry (BGA) can assist in police investigations of serious crime cases and help to identify missing people and victims of mass disasters. In this study, we evaluated the typing performance of 56 ancestry-informative SNPs in 177 samples using the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep Kit on the MiSeq FGx system. Furthermore, we compared the prediction accuracy of the tools ... -
Man`s Best Friend and Therapist`s Best Assistant? Exploring the Potential of Dog-Assisted Interventions in Norwegian Institutions
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-02)Humans and dogs have a long history together. The dog’s purpose has changed from being a practical tool to being a “co-therapist”. Today, animal-assisted therapy is a common phenomenon internationally. However, the evidence for animal-assisted interventions is not very recognised in Norway. The present study aimed to investigate dogs’ ability as a form of emotional support for people in therapy in ... -
Lunch Break Environments and Their Effect on Psychological Detachment and Well-Being
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-02)With increasing attention to the importance of recovery experiences, particularly in mitigating workplace stress and promoting well-being, the present research seeks to contribute to the understanding of how environmental factors influence psychological detachment and emotional exhaustion during lunch breaks. Drawing upon theories from both environmental psychology and work and occupational psychology, ... -
Exploring the Link between Mind Wandering and Reinforcement Learning through Behavioral Analysis and Pupillometry
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-02)Many studies have shown the negative effects of mind wandering (MW) on performance in sustained attention tasks, however, its effects on reinforcement learning (RL), a process based on reward- and loss-based learning, is an unexplored field. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between MW and RL by employing a novel RL task to observe how MW influences performance. In ...
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