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Whole genome sequencing of recombinant viruses obtained from co-infection and superinfection of Vero cells with modified vaccinia virus ankara vectored influenza vaccine and a naturally occurring cowpox virus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-03)Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) has been widely tested in clinical trials as recombinant vector vaccine against infectious diseases and cancers in humans and animals. However, one biosafety concern about the use of MVA vectored vaccine is the potential for MVA to recombine with naturally occurring orthopoxviruses in cells and hosts in which it multiplies poorly and, therefore, producing ... -
Gentamicin bør fortsatt inngå i empirisk sepsisregime hos voksne
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-02-26)Kombinasjonen av et smalspektret betalaktamantibiotikum og aminoglykosid bør fortsatt være førstevalg i norske retningslinjer som empirisk antibiotikabehandling av de fleste alvorlige infeksjoner. -
FilmArray (BCID2) provides essential and timely results in bloodstream infections in small acute care hospitals without conventional microbiology services
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-12)We have evaluated the performance of FilmArray BCID2 in reactive blood cultures in a small acute care hospital compared to conventional diagnostics at a regional microbiological laboratory. This is a retrospective observational study of BactAlert reactive blood cultures (n = 160) from Helgeland Hospital, July–December 2021, analysed by BCID2 locally and conventional culture at a regional laboratory. ... -
The greatest contribution to medical science is the transformation from studying symptoms to studying their causes—the unrelenting legacy of Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur—and a causality perspective to approach a definition of SLE
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-02-01)The basic initiative related to this study is derived from the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a unique and fertile system science subject. We are, however, still far from understanding its nature. It may be fair to indicate that we are spending more time and resources on studying the complexity of classified SLE than studying the validity of classification criteria. This study ... -
Metaproteomics of Gut Fungi in Gnotobiotic Mice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-06-29)Intestinal fungi are a fundamental component of the gut microbiome and play important roles in mammalian host biology. At the same time, the contribution of gut fungi to host health and disease remains understudied due to their low abundance. In that respect, gnotobiotic animals with defined microbial populations of reduced complexity represent a well-suited model system that highlights the effects ... -
Improving and utilizing functional in vitro cAMP assay in pursuit to discover allosteric modulators of the GABAB receptor
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-07-05)The GABAergic system is the main inhibitory neuronal system utilized within the central nervous system (CNS). γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the fundamental neurotransmitter which transmit inhibitory signals through GABA receptors, the ionotropic GABAA and GABAC receptors; and the metabotropic G-protein coupled receptor GABAB receptor. Disruption of this system is associated with a range of psychiatric ... -
Antibiotikaresistens – historien om da bakteriene slo tilbake
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-06)Bakterier er dynamiske organismer som gjennom sin plastisitet og kontinuerlige tilpasning til omgivelsene illustrerer evolusjon gjennom naturlig utvalg og «survival of the fittest». Økt forekomst av antibiotikaresistens er et naturlig og forventet svar på utstrakt bruk av antibiotika. Dette forklarer hvorfor historien om utvikling og utbredelse av antibiotika følges av en parallell historie: ... -
Biogeographical Ancestry Analyses Using the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep Kit and Multiple Prediction Tools
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-04-18)The inference of biogeographical ancestry (BGA) can assist in police investigations of serious crime cases and help to identify missing people and victims of mass disasters. In this study, we evaluated the typing performance of 56 ancestry-informative SNPs in 177 samples using the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep Kit on the MiSeq FGx system. Furthermore, we compared the prediction accuracy of the tools ... -
Long term 2D-culture of primary mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC)
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-31)Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) are unique and specialized cell type with high endocytic activity of bloodborne waste macromolecules. LSEC lack basal lamina and present a unique structural feature called fenestrations, which facilitate passive filtering and exchange of nutrients with other liver cells. Developing LSEC cell lines is challenging with regards to preserving their morphology ... -
Co-culturing with Streptococcus anginosus alters Staphylococcus aureus transcriptome when exposed to tonsillar cells
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-01-25)<p><i>Introduction:</i> Improved understanding of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> throat colonization in the presence of other co-existing microbes is important for mapping <i>S. aureus</i> adaptation to the human throat, and recurrence of infection. Here, we explore the responses triggered by the encounter between two common throat bacteria, <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>Streptococcus anginosus</i>, to ... -
Periodontitis is associated with decreased experimental pressure pain tolerance: The Tromsø Study 2015–2016
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-01)Aim - To assess the relationship between periodontitis and experimental pain tolerance.<p> <p>Materials and Methods - Participants from the population-based seventh survey of the Tromsø Study with data on periodontitis were included (n = 3666, 40–84 years old, 51.6% women). Pain tolerance was assessed through (i) pressure pain tolerance (PPT) test with a computerized cuff pressure algometry on ... -
Moving sperm forward
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-26)Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate a manual sperm sorting method (Swim-up) and a non-invasive microfluidics method (Zymot microfluidics) with emphasis on formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA fragmentation as objective measurements of spermatozoa quality. Standard phase contrast imaging of spermatozoa was compared with quantitative phase contrast microscopy (QPM) ... -
Characterization of extracellular vesicles from U-2OS15E, a human osteosarcoma cell line persistently infected by BK polyomavirus
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-25)The human polyomavirus BKPyV infects most people worldwide and establishes a lifelong persistent infection in the renourinary tract. The virus rarely gives symptoms in healthy people, but it can cause severe disease under certain immunocompromised states. Despite its high prevalence, our knowledge about how the virus evades host immunity and persists still poor. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) ... -
4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced oral epithelial lesions exhibit time- and stage-dependent changes in the tumor immune microenvironment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-15)Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is the most common cancer of the oral cavity and is associated with high morbidity due to local invasion and lymph node metastasis. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with good prognosis in oral cancer patients and dictate response to treatment. Ectopic sites for immune activation in tumors, known as tertiary lymphoid structures ... -
Duration and dynamics of Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex gut carriage in a community-based adult population cohort
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-15)Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex (KpSC) is a group of closely related bacterial species including Klebsiella pneumoniae sensu stricto known as a major human opportunistic pathogen associated with healthcare. KpSC gut carriage is a major risk factor for clinical infections and elderly people (≥60y) are at the risk of KpSC gut colonisation. This master project investigated the presence, duration ... -
Characterization of competition between commensal A2 and clinical A1 strains of Enterococcus faecium
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-14)Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) emerged from a gut commensal to one of the leading nosocomial multidrug-resistant pathogens. The species of E. faecium, has a deep phylogenetic split into commensal and clinical strains. The dominance of clinical strains during nosocomial infections is only insufficiently understood. Previous studies revealed competitive characteristics between the commensal ... -
Exploring the adenosine system by cancer-associated fibroblasts in the context of radiotherapy
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-14)Background of the study: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that are mainly found in solid malignancies and play vital roles in tumor progression and metastasis, including important immunoregulatory functions. In this study, our objective was to explore the immunosuppressive adenosine system within the CAFs isolated from non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) ... -
The inflammation repressor TNIP1/ABIN-1 is degraded by autophagy following TBK1 phosphorylation of its LIR
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-09)The inflammatory repressor TNIP1/ABIN-1 is important for keeping in check inflammatory and cell-death pathways to avoid potentially dangerous sustained activation of these pathways. We have now found that TNIP1 is rapidly degraded by selective macroautophagy/autophagy early (0–4 h) after activation of TLR3 by poly(I:C)-treatment to allow expression of pro-inflammatory genes and proteins. A few hours ... -
Atg8 family proteins, LIR/AIM motifs and other interaction modes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-19)The Atg8 family of ubiquitin-like proteins play pivotal roles in autophagy and other processes involving vesicle fusion and transport where the lysosome/vacuole is the end station. Nuclear roles of Atg8 proteins are also emerging. Here, we review the structural and functional features of Atg8 family proteins and their protein-protein interaction modes in model organisms such as yeast, Arabidopsis, ... -
LC3B is a cofactor for LMX1B-mediated transcription of autophagy genes in dopaminergic neurons
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023-04-10)It is becoming increasingly clear that the Atg8 family of autophagy proteins have roles not only in the cytoplasm, but also in the cell nucleus. In this issue, Jimenez-Moreno et al. (2023. J. Cell Biol. <a href=https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201910133>https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201910133</a>) report that nuclear LC3B binds to the LIM homeodomain transcription factor LMX1B and acts as a cofactor for ...
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