Multi-instance (MI) learning is a branch of machine learning, where each object (bag) consists of multiple feature vectors (instances)—for example, an image consisting of multiple patches and their corresponding feature vectors. In MI classification, each bag in the training set has a class label, but the instances are unlabeled. The instances are most commonly regarded as a set of points in a ...

<i>Background</i> - Patients with diabetes mellitus treated with successful pancreas transplantation (PTX) normalize hyperglycemia, but are exposed to immunosuppressive drugs that may impair endothelial function. This study aimed to evaluate endothelial function in single PTX recipients.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - Flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) in the brachial artery was measured by ultrasound 8 weeks ...

<i>Purpose</i>: Yoik is the traditional vocal art of the Sami, the indigenous people of Fennoscandia. The Sami people, their land and their culture have been subject to colonisation and assimilation for centuries, hence the practice of yoik was lost in many regions. Despite an increasing awareness of the benefits of health musicking, yoik is only sporadically included in musicking practices in ...

The Barents Sea is a nursery area for many commercially and ecologically important fish stocks, and this whole region is presently subject to rapid climatic change from a cold period in the 1980s to a record warm period in the latest decade, with a peak in 2016. The present study focuses exclusively on year 2016, which was characterized by record warm air and seawater and an exceptionally large ...

<i>Background</i>: Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have lower levels of physical activity (PA) and greater barriers for participation in fitness activities compared with members of the general population. As increased PA has positive effects on cardiovascular and psychosocial health, it is exceedingly important to identify effective interventions for use in everyday settings. Mobile ...

<p><i>BACKGROUND: </i> The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of "leaving no one behind". Understanding today's gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as they aim to improve the health of populations. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we measured 37 of the 50 ...

Cancer cells' phenotypic plasticity, promoted by stromal cells, contributes to intra-tumoral heterogeneity and affects response to therapy. We have disclosed an association between fibroblast-stimulated phenotype switching and resistance to the clinically used BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) vemurafenib in malignant melanoma, revealing a challenge in targeting the fibroblast-induced phenotype. Here we compared ...

<i>Background</i> - Physical inactivity and chronic pain are both major public health concerns worldwide. Although the health benefits of regular physical exercise are well-documented, few large epidemiological studies have investigated the association between specific domains of physical exercise and chronic pain in young adults. We sought to investigate the association between frequency, intensity ...

Sammendrag Bakgrunn: Mild til moderat jodmangel er påvist hos gravide og ammende kvinner i Norge, noe som kan påvirke hjerneutviklingen til fosteret og redusere barnets IQ. Jordmødre og helsesøstre har en sentral rolle i veiledning av utsatte grupper knyttet til svangerskap og ammeperiode. Denne studien evaluerer i hvilken grad jordmødre og helsesøstre i Nord-Norge har nødvendig kunnskap om jod ...

<p><i>OBJECTIVE: </i>To investigate to what degree patients adhered to a modified constraint-induced movement therapy protocol, and to explore factors associated with the results. <p><i>DESIGN: </i>Prospective follow-up of the intervention arm in a randomized controlled trial. <p><i>SUBJECTS: </i>Twenty-four patients within 28 days after stroke. <p><i>METHODS: </i>The protocol specified 180 min ...