Infant and childhood growth are dynamic processes with large changes in BMI during development. By performing genome-wide association studies of BMI at 12 time points from birth to eight years (9286 children, 74,105 measurements) in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study, replicated in 5235 children, we identify a transient effect in the leptin receptor (<i>LEPR</i>) locus: no effect ...

<i>Aim</i> - The aim of this study was to investigate if working in a cold environment and feeling cold at work are associated with chronic pain (ie, lasting ≥3 months).<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - We used data from the sixth survey (2007–2008) of the Tromsø Study. Analyses included 6533 men and women aged 30–67 years who were not retired, not receiving full-time disability benefits and had no missing ...

<p><i>Background - </i>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes impairment of the gastrointestinal barrier, with substantial depletion of CD4⁺ T cells in the gut. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4⁺ counts and may have beneficial effects on gut microbiota in adults. Little is known about effect of long-term ART on gut microbiome in HIV-infected children. We ...

Background Current security predictions are based on new non-linear hybrid threats with the potential to harm both military and civilian public health (PH). Inadequate hand hygiene practices may increase vulnerability unless resilience can be improved. Handwashing habits are difficult to change but are key to successful decontamination and maintenance of low risk (GREEN) zones the Norwegian Army’s ...

<i>Objectives</i> - To assess whether changes in patterns of combined oral contraceptive (COC) prescriptions to starters between 2008 and 2016 were in line with changes in national recommendations for use.<p> <p><i>Design</i> - Historical prospective cohort study.<p> <p><i>Setting</i> - The national Norwegian Prescription Database.<p> <p><i>Participants</i> - Women aged 10–49 years who ...

<i>Background</i>: Traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) is commonly used by cancer patients in Northern Norway, in particular spiritual forms like traditional healing. T&CM is mainly used complementary to conventional cancer treatment and is rarely discussed with conventional health care providers, increasing the risk of negative interaction with conventional cancer care. The aim of this ...

<i>Background</i> - In Europe, the highest proportion of HIV diagnoses are in gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Globally, HIV prevalence is particularly high among males who report selling sex, but rates among men who buy sex from other men are less clear. This study analyzed the association of transactional sex (TS) and HIV diagnosis, sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnoses, ...

<i>Background</i> - The Nordic countries have commonalities in gender equality, economy, welfare, and health care, but differ in culture and lifestyle, which might create country-wise health differences. This study compared life expectancy, disease burden, and risk factors in the Nordic region.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - Life expectancy in years and age-standardised rates of overall, cause-specific, ...

<p><i>Background - </i>Patient-centered culturally sensitive health care (PC-CSHC) has emerged as a primary approach to health care. This care focuses on the cultural diversity of the patients rather than the views of the health care professionals. PC-CSHC enables the patient to feel comfortable, respected, and trusted in the health care delivery process. As users of traditional and complementary ...

<p><i>Objective - </i>To describe changes in cardiovascular risk factors and in the estimated 10-year risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or cerebral stroke (CS) between SAMINOR 1 (2003–2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012–2014), and explore if these changes differed between Sami and non-Sami. <p><i>Design - </i>Two cross-sectional surveys. <p><i>Setting - </i>Inhabitants of rural Northern Norway. < ...