Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 441-460 of 2031
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Experiences and management strategies of Norwegian GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal interview study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-09)Objective: When the COVID-19 pandemic reached Norway, primary health care had to reorganize to ensure safe patient treatment and maintain infection control. General practitioners (GPs) are key health care providers in the municipalities. Our aim was to explore the experiences and management strategies of Norwegian GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic - over time, and in the context of a sudden ... -
Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-16)Background: Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. However, it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. To further elucidate the role of smoking in endometrial cancer risk, we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.<p> <p>Methods: The observational analyses included 286,415 ... -
Corrigendum to “Clinical reasoning in traditional medicine exemplified by the clinical encounter of Korean medicine” [Integr Med Res 2021: 10; 100641]
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-22)The authors regret that the funding number was incorrectly published in the above article. It is now reproduced correctly below. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused. -
Circulating Isovalerylcarnitine and Lung Cancer Risk: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and Prediagnostic Blood Measurements
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-04)Background: Tobacco exposure causes 8 of 10 lung cancers, and identifying additional risk factors is challenging due to confounding introduced by smoking in traditional observational studies.<p> <p>Materials and Methods: We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to screen 207 metabolites for their role in lung cancer predisposition using independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of blood ... -
The seventh survey of the Tromsø Study (Tromsø7) 2015–2016: study design, data collection, attendance, and prevalence of risk factors and disease in a multipurpose population-based health survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-04)Aims: The Tromsø Study is an ongoing population-based health study in Tromsø, Norway, initiated in 1974. The purpose of the seventh survey (Tromsø7) 2015–2016 was to advance the population risk factor surveillance and to collect new types of data. We present the study design, data collection, attendance, and prevalence of risk factors and disease. Methods: All inhabitants in Tromsø municipality, ... -
Adherence to mediterranean diet and the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in a European cohort: The EPIC study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-02)Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been proposed as a healthy diet with a potential to lower the incidence of several types of cancer, but there is no data regarding thyroid cancer (TC). We investigated the association between MD adherence, and its components, and the differentiated TC risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.<p> <p>Methods: ... -
Systematic review and meta-analysis of Chinese herbal formula Tongxie Yaofang for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: Evidence for clinical practice and future trials
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-25)Introduction: Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) significantly decreases the quality of life of patients and their families, and affects patients’ mental health. No specific western medications are available. Ancient classical Chinese medical texts have recognized Tongxie Yaofang (TXYF) as a therapy for diarrhea which is widely used in clinical practice. Standard TXYF prescription ... -
Challenges and opportunities for general practice specific CME in Europe – a narrative review of seven countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-07)Background - Several changes have led to general practitioners (GPs) working in a more differentiated setting today and being supported by other health professions. As practice changes, primary care specific continuing medical education (CME) may also need to adapt. By comparing different primary care specific CME approaches for GPs across Europe, we aim at identifying challenges and opportunities ... -
Pan-cancer analysis of pre-diagnostic blood metabolite concentrations in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-19)Background - Epidemiological studies of associations between metabolites and cancer risk have typically focused on specific cancer types separately. Here, we designed a multivariate pan-cancer analysis to identify metabolites potentially associated with multiple cancer types, while also allowing the investigation of cancer type-specific associations.<p> <p>Methods - We analysed targeted metabolomics ... -
“They make a diference”: a qualitative study of providers’ experiences of peer support in outpatient clinics for people living with HIV
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-21)Background Although the life expectancy of people living with HIV has increased, they are still often disconnected from society through stigma and discrimination. Peer support has been found to increase social support. Given the limited research on peer support from the providers’ perspective, this study explored how peer supporters experience their roles and contributions in outpatient clinics ... -
Depression in an adult Norwegian population: prevalence and associated factors in the Tromsø Study 7
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-12-01)Introduction: The burden of depression is considerable worldwide as it is one of the leading causes of disability. People with depression can experience symptoms like loss of interest, feeling sad or depressed, feeling worthless, unnecessary guilt, suicidal thoughts, fatigue, and decreased pleasure. Depression can affect the personal, social, and work life of people as well as may lead to self-harm ... -
Association of pre-diagnostic vitamin D level with postmenopausal breast cancer risk: A systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-12-01)Introduction: Breast cancer is a disease in which there is a rapid multiplying of cells in the breast. It has been a serious concern as it is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women, especially in the old-age group. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is consumed via diet or produced when the ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun make contact with the skin. Its putative anticarcinogenic ... -
Number of children and risk of hormone receptor-positive versus hormone receptor-negative breast cancer
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-11-30)Introduction: With around 2.3 million cases, breast cancer became the most frequently diagnosed cancer in 2020 surpassing lung cancer cases and mortality. Based on histology and molecular characteristics, hormone receptor-positive (HR+) cancer has tumors with both estrogen and progesterone receptors. On the contrary, hormone receptor-negative (HR-) cancer has tumors not expressing estrogen or ... -
Overweight and obesity among children – Is there an association between school provided meals and BMI changes?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-11-28)Overweight and obesity has become a worldwide problem in the last decades. Among children aged 5-19, overweight and obesity prevalence has risen from 4% in 1975 to 18% in 2016. Children with overweight and obesity are also more likely to stay obese into adulthood. The consequences of being overweight and obese in childhood increases the risk of several non-communicable diseases and early morbidity. For ... -
Exploring the utilization of healthcare resources in elderly patients with COPD
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-11-28)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major health problem worldwide (1) and the prevalence of COPD continues to increase (2, 3). It is a major cause of multimorbidity and mortality in Norway (4) and the healthcare utilization by COPD- patients is expected to increase in the future (5). To effectively allocate healthcare resources, it is necessary to have knowledge about ... -
Factors associated with predictors of smoking cessation from a Norwegian internet-based smoking cessation intervention study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-31)Introduction: We examined if we could identify predictors for smoking cessation at six months post cessation, among smokers enrolled in a large Norwegian populationbased intervention study.<p> <p>Methods: We followed 4333 (72.1% women) smokers who enrolled in an internetbased smoking cessation intervention during 2010–2012. The baseline questionnaire collected information on sociodemographic and ... -
“Opening up a well of emotions”: A qualitative study of men's emotional experiences in the transition to fatherhood
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-20)<p><b> Aim</b> To explore the emotional changes and reactions men experience in their transition to fatherhood. <p><b> Design</b> This study used a qualitative design. <p><b> Methods</b> Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 13 Norwegian fathers. <p><b> Results</b> Through thematic analysis, three main themes were developed: (1) from self-focus to family ... -
Personal continuity of GP care and outpatient specialist visits in people with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-25)Background - Continuity of care is particularly important for patients with chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Continuity is shown to reduce overall health service utilization among people with diabetes, however, evidence about how it relates to the utilization of outpatient specialist services in Norway is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate continuity of GP care for ... -
Alternate day fasting on subjective feelings of appetite and body weight for adults with overweight or obesity: a systematic review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-31)Alternate day fasting (ADF) with consumption of calories up to 25 % of the daily energy intake on fast days is one of the most used intermittent fasting regimens and promoted as a promising, alternative approach for treating obesity. Feelings of appetite are critical for adherence to dietary approaches, and therefore the success of dietary interventions. This systematic review aimed to assess the ... -
Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization in global biobank meta-analysis reveals multi-ancestry drug targets for common diseases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-12)Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) shows value in prioritizing drug targets in Europeans but with limited evidence in other ancestries. Here, we present a multi-ancestry proteome-wide MR analysis based on cross-population data from the Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative (GBMI). We estimated the putative causal effects of 1,545 proteins on eight diseases in African (32,658) and European ...