An Innovation Narrative threatens Societal Safety: Analyzing Vulnerabilities to Regulatory Capture in the Norwegian approach to AI Governance

Abstract

This thesis examines the vulnerabilities of the Norwegian approach to regulatory capture, where policy is co-opted to serve private profit over public interest, and the societal safety implications that may arise as a result. Drawing on key policy documents for Norwegian AI policy, the analysis highlights several priorities and initiatives involving private actors, with a focus on innovation and technological solutions taking precedence over digital rights and protections for individuals. The findings reveal three dominant discourses that collectively frame AI as a trustworthy and essential innovation capable of solving complex problems in the face of an uncertain future. From this, I discuss risks of capture stemming from ambiguous ethical standards, overreliance on industry expertise, and the pervasive influence of the “innovation narrative” in shaping political priorities and promoting technological solutionism. The thesis explores the potential impacts of these vulnerabilities for societal safety and robustness in Norway, including the erosion of public trust, the weakening of digital rights and infrastructure, potential environmental consequences, and the perpetuation of discrimination against minorities. Recommendations for mitigating these risks are discussed, including strengthening AI competence for policymakers and the public, implementing proactive enforcement mechanisms, and fostering inclusive governance that prioritizes public welfare over private interests. The thesis ends by urging further research and discussion of the as-yet unexplored effects of the innovation narrative on the capture of AI regulation and the AI institution.