Now showing items 181-200 of 2012

    • Impacts of a warming climate on concentrations of organochlorines in a fasting high arctic marine bird: Direct vs. indirect effects? 

      Bustnes, Jan Ove; Bårdsen, Bård-Jørgen; Moe, Børge; Herzke, Dorte; Ballesteros, Manuel; Fenstad, Anette; Borgå, Katrine; Krogseth, Ingjerd Sunde; Eulaers, Igor; Skogeng, Lovise Pedersen; Gabrielsen, Geir Wing; Hanssen, Sveinn Are (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-30)
      The present study examined how climate changes may impact the concentrations of lipophilic organochlorines (OCs) in the blood of fasting High Arctic common eiders (Somateria mollissima) during incubation. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p′-DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and four chlordane compounds (oxychlordane, trans-chlordane and trans- and ...
    • The positive effect of plant diversity on soil carbon depends on climate 

      Spohn, Marie; Bagchi, Sumanta; Biederman, Lori A.; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Braathen, Kari Anne; Bugalho, Miguel N.; Caldeira, Maria C.; Catford, Jane A.; Collins, Scott L.; Eisenhauer, Nico; Hagenah, Nicole; Haider, Sylvia; Hautier, Yann; Knops, Johannes M. H.; Koerner, Sally E.; Laanisto, Lauri; Lekberg, Ylva; Martina, Jason P.; Martinson, Holly; McCulley, Rebecca L.; Peri, Pablo L.; Macek, Petr; Power, Sally A.; Risch, Anita C.; Roscher, Christiane; Seabloom, Eric W.; Stevens, Carly; Veen, G. F. (Ciska); Virtanen, Risto; Yahdjian, Laura (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-19)
      Little is currently known about how climate modulates the relationship between plant diversity and soil organic carbon and the mechanisms involved. Yet, this knowledge is of crucial importance in times of climate change and biodiversity loss. Here, we show that plant diversity is positively correlated with soil carbon content and soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio across 84 grasslands on six continents ...
    • Still Arctic? — The changing Barents Sea 

      Gerland, Sebastian; Ingvaldsen, Randi Brunvær; Reigstad, Marit; Sundfjord, Arild; Bogstad, Bjarte; Chierici, Melissa; Hop, Haakon; Renaud, Paul Eric; Smedsrud, Lars Henrik; Stige, Leif Christian; Årthun, Marius; Berge, Jørgen; Bluhm, Bodil Annikki Ulla Barbro; Borgå, Katrine; Bratbak, Gunnar; Divine, Dmitry V; Eldevik, Tor; Eriksen, Elena; Fer, Ilker; Fransson, Agneta; Gradinger, Rolf Rudolf; Granskog, Mats A.; Haug, Tore; Husum, Katrine; Johnsen, Geir; Jonassen, Marius Opsanger; Jørgensen, Lis Lindal; Kristiansen, Svein; Larsen, Aud; Lien, Vidar Surén; Lind, Sigrid; Lindstrøm, Ulf Ove; Mauritzen, Cecilie; Melsom, Arne; Mernild, Sebastian H.; Müller, Malte; Nilsen, Frank; Primicerio, Raul; Søreide, Janne; van der Meeren, Gro Ingleid; Wassmann, Paul (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-13)
      The Barents Sea is one of the Polar regions where current climate and ecosystem change is most pronounced. Here we review the current state of knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological systems in the Barents Sea. Physical conditions in this area are characterized by large seasonal contrasts between partial sea-ice cover in winter and spring versus predominantly open water in summer and ...
    • Diffusive and advective cross-frontal fluxes of inorganic nutrients and dissolved inorganic carbon in the Barents Sea in autumn 

      Koenig, Zoe Charlotte; Fer, Ilker; Chierici, Melissa; Fransson, Agneta; Jones, Elizabeth Marie; Kolås, Eivind Hugaas (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-21)
      The Atlantic Water, entering the Arctic through the Barents Sea and Fram Strait, is the main source of nutrients in the Arctic Ocean. The Barents Sea is divided by the Polar Front into an Atlantic-dominated domain in the south, and an Arctic-dominated domain in the north. The Polar Front is a thermohaline structure, which is topographically-steered at sub-surface, and influenced by the seasonal ...
    • Hydrography, inorganic nutrients and chlorophyll a linked to sea ice cover in the Atlantic Water inflow region north of Svalbard 

      Renner, Angelika; Bailey, Allison Michelle; Reigstad, Marit; Sundfjord, Arild; Chierici, Melissa; Jones, Elizabeth Marie (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-04)
      Changes in the inflow of Atlantic Water (AW) and its properties to the Arctic Ocean bring more warm water, contribute to sea ice decline, promote borealisation of marine ecosystems, and affect biological and particularly primary productivity in the Eurasian Arctic Ocean. One of the two branches of AW inflow follows the shelf break north of Svalbard, where it dominates oceanographic conditions, ...
    • Abrupt permafrost thaw triggers activity of copiotrophs and microbiome predators 

      Scheel, Maria; Zervas, Athanasios; Rijkers, Ruud; Tveit, Alexander Tøsdal; Ekelund, Flemming; Campuzano Jiménez, Francisco; Christensen, Torben R.; Jacobsen, Carsten S. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-05)
      Permafrost soils store a substantial part of the global soil carbon and nitrogen. However, global warming causes abrupt erosion and gradual thaw, which make these stocks vulnerable to microbial decomposition into greenhouse gases. Here, we investigated the microbial response to abrupt in situ permafrost thaw. We sequenced the total RNA of a 1 m deep soil core consisting of up to 26 500-year-old permafrost ...
    • Atlantification influences zooplankton communities seasonally in the northern Barents Sea and Arctic Ocean 

      Wold, Anette; Hop, Haakon; Svensen, Camilla; Søreide, Janne; Assmann, Karen M.; Ormanzcyk, Mateusz; Kwaśniewski, Sławomir (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-29)
      The Barents Sea is undergoing rapid ocean warming with less sea ice and increased Atlantic inflow, shifting the pelagic ecosystem towards a more boreal one, a process referred to as Atlantification. While such changes have already been documented in the southern and central Barents Sea, less is known about the degree of Atlantification in the northern Barents Sea and Arctic Ocean. In this seasonal ...
    • Horizon scanning of potential threats to high-Arctic biodiversity, human health and the economy from marine invasive alien species: A Svalbard case study 

      Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth Joanne; Bentley-Abbot, Jude; Cottier, Finlo Robert; Minchin, Dan; Olenin, Sergej; Renaud, Paul Eric (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-09)
      The high Arctic is considered a pristine environment compared with many other regions in the northern hemisphere. It is becoming increasingly vulnerable to invasion by invasive alien species (IAS), however, as climate change leads to rapid loss of sea ice, changes in ocean temperature and salinity, and enhanced human activities. These changes are likely to increase the incidence of arrival and ...
    • New insights into the Barents Sea Calanus glacialis population dynamics and distribution 

      Aarflot, Johanna Myrseth; Eriksen, Elena; Prokopchuk, Irina P.; Svensen, Camilla; Søreide, Janne; Wold, Anette; Skogen, Morten D. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-18)
      Arctic copepods are major grazers and vital food for planktivores in polar ecosystems but challenging to observe due to remoteness and seasonal sea ice coverage. Models offer higher spatio-temporal resolution, and individual-based models (IBMs) are useful since they incorporate individual variability which characterizes most copepod populations. Here, we present an IBM of the Arctic copepod Calanus ...
    • Skogens helsetilstand i Norge. Resultater fra skogskadeovervåkingen i 2022 

      Timmermann, Volkmar; Børja, Isabella; Clarke, Nicholas; Gohli, Jostein; Hietala, Ari Mikko; Jepsen, Jane Uhd; Krokene, Paal; Lislegård, Harald Haga; Nagy, Nina Elisabeth; Nyeggen, Hans; Solberg, Sverre; Solheim, Halvor; Solvin, Thomas Mørtvedt; Svensson, Arvid; Tollefsrud, Mari Mette; Vindstad, Ole Petter Laksforsmo; Økland, Bjørn; Aas, Wenche (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2023-11-17)
      Skogens helsetilstand påvirkes i stor grad av klima og værforhold, enten direkte ved tørke, frost og vind, eller indirekte ved at klimaet påvirker omfanget av soppsykdommer og insektangrep. Klimaendringene og den forventede økningen i klimarelaterte skogskader gir store utfordringer for forvaltningen av framtidas skogressurser. Det samme gjør invaderende skadegjørere, både allerede etablerte arter ...
    • Modulation of intestinal growth and differentiation by photoperiod and dietary treatment during smoltification in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) 

      Duarte, Vilma; Gaetano, Pasqualina; Striberny, Anja; Hazlerigg, David; Jørgensen, Even Hjalmar; Fuentes, Juan; Campinho, Marco A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-15)
      Atlantic salmon undergo smoltification, a process that prepares the fish to enter and thrive in seawater (SW). Several physiological changes occur during smolting, especially in osmoregulatory tissues, the gill, the kidney, and the intestine. Here we characterized the effects on intestinal morphogenesis of two different, commonly used smoltification regimes during the end of the freshwater phase, ...
    • Lack of strong seasonality in macrobenthic communities from the northern Barents Sea shelf and Nansen Basin 

      Jorda Molina, Eric; Sen, Arunima; Bluhm, Bodil Annikki Ulla Barbro; Renaud, Paul Eric; Włodarska-Kowalczuk, Maria; Legeżyńska, Joanna; Oleszczuk, Barbara; Reiss, Henning (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-12)
      The Barents Sea has been coined ‘the Arctic hotspot’ of climate change due to the rapidity with which environmental changes are taking place. This transitional domain from Atlantic to Arctic waters is home to highly productive benthic communities. This system strongly fluctuates on a seasonal basis in its sympagic-pelagicbenthic coupling interactions, with potential effects on benthic standing ...
    • Rich local knowledge despite high transience in an Arctic community experiencing rapid environmental change 

      Lennert, Ann Eileen; van der Wal, René; Zhang, Jasmine; Hausner, Vera Helene; Ancin Murguzur, Francisco Javier; Miles, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-04)
      Environmental monitoring and long-term research produce detailed understanding, but its collective effort does not add up to ‘the environment’ and therefore may be difficult to relate to. Local knowledge, by contrast, is multifaceted and relational and therefore can help ground and complement scientific knowledge to reach a more complete and holistic understanding of the environment and changes ...
    • Movement diversity and partial sympatry of coastal and Northeast Arctic cod ecotypes at high latitudes 

      Strøm, John Fredrik; Bøhn, Thomas; Skjæraasen, Jon Egil; Gjelland, Karl Øystein; Karlsen, Ørjan; Johansen, Torild; Hanebrekke, Tanja Lexau; Bjørn, Pål Arne; Olsen, Esben Moland (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-24)
      Movement diversity within species represent an important but often neglected, component of biodiversity that affects ecological and genetic interactions, as well as the productivity of exploited systems. By combining individual tracking data from acoustic telemetry with novel genetic analyses, we describe the movement diversity of two Atlantic cod Gadus morhua ecotypes in two high-latitude fjord ...
    • Large-scale seabird community structure along oceanographic gradients in the Scotia Sea and northern Antarctic Peninsula 

      Ollus, Victoria Marja Sofia; Biuw, Martin; Lowther, Andrew; Fauchald, Per; John Elling Deehr, Johannessen; Martín López, Lucía Martina; Gkikopoulou, Kalliopi C.; Oosthuizen, W. Chris; Lindstrøm, Ulf Ove (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-18)
      Introduction: The Scotia Sea and Antarctic Peninsula are warming rapidly and changes in species distribution are expected. In predicting habitat shifts and considering appropriate management strategies for marine predators, a community-level understanding of how these predators are distributed is desirable. Acquiring such data, particularly in remote areas, is often problematic given the cost ...
    • Long-term responses of Icelandic Arctic foxes to changes in marine and terrestrial ecosystems 

      Berthelot, Fanny Marie Lou; Unnsteinsdóttir, Ester R.; Ellgutter, Jennifer Alejandrina Carbonell; Ehrich, Susanna Dorothee (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-04)
      The long-term dynamics of predator populations may be driven by fluctuations in resource availability and reflect ecosystem changes such as those induced by climate change. The Icelandic Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) population has known major fluctuations in size since the 1950s. Using stable isotopes analysis of bone collagen over a long-time series (1979– 2018), we aimed at identifying the main ...
    • Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods 

      Faehn, Corine Alexis; Reichelt, Michael; Mithöfer, Axel; Hytönen, Timo; Mølmann, Jørgen Alexander Barosen; Jaakola, Laura Elina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-10)
      Background Though many abiotic factors are constantly changing, the photoperiod is a predictable factor that enables plants to time many physiological responses. This timing is regulated by the circadian clock, yet little is known about how the clock adapts to the differences in photoperiod between mid-latitudes and high latitudes. The primary objective of this study was to compare how clock gene ...
    • The application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys and GIS to the analysis and monitoring of recreational trail conditions 

      Tomczyk, Aleksandra M.; Ewertowski, Marek W.; Creany, Noah; Murguzur, Francisco Javier Ancin; Monz, Christopher (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-04)
      Recreational trails are a vital element of protected natural areas (PNAs) infrastructure, which enables visitors to travel through and engage in various activities such as hiking, biking, horse riding. Degradation of trails adversely affects the natural environment as well as the safety and comfort of visitors. As the role of many PNAs is to protect the natural environment and to provide recreational ...
    • Small rodent population cycles and plants – after 70 years, where do we go? 

      Soininen, Eeva M; Neby, Magne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-12)
      Small rodent population cycles characterise northern ecosystems, and the cause of these cycles has been a long-lasting central topic in ecology, with trophic interactions currently considered the most plausible cause. While some researchers have rejected plant–herbivore interactions as a cause of rodent cycles, others have continued to research their potential roles. Here, we present an overview ...
    • Interactive effects of ocean acidification and temperature on oxygen uptake rates in Calanus hyperboreus nauplii 

      Espinel Velasco, Nadjejda; Gawinski, Christine; Kohlbach, Doreen; Pitusi, Vanessa; Graeve, Martin; Hop, Haakon (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-26)
      The Arctic region is undergoing rapid and significant changes, characterized by high rates of acidification and warming. These transformations prompt critical questions about the resilience of marine communities in the face of environmental change. In the Arctic, marine zooplankton and in particular calanoid copepods play a vital role in the food web. Changes in environmental conditions could ...