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norskInstitutt for arktisk og marin biologi: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 1001-1020 av 2049
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Assessment of risk of introduction of Echinococcus multilocularis to mainland Norway
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2012-02-15)In the light of the recent findings of the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis (EM) in four red foxes from three different locations in Sweden, the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (Vitenskapskomiteen; VKM), Panel of Biological Hazards (Faggruppe hygiene og smittestoffer) took the initiative to undertake a risk assessment regarding the probability of this parasite being introduced to ... -
Development of 14 microsatellite markers for zoonotic tapeworm dibothriocephalus dendriticus (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-12)<i>Dibothriocephalus dendriticus</i> is one of the causative agents of the fish-borne zoonosis diphyllobothriosis. Polymorphic microsatellite markers were originally developed for future genetic studies using microsatellite library screening and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Out of 128 microsatellite candidates selected after NGS analysis, 126 yielded PCR products of the expected size. A declared ... -
Selection and validation of reliable reference genes for gene expression studies from Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi infected wild blueberry phenotypes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-16)Monilinia blight disease caused by <i>Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi</i> (Reade) Honey (<i>M.vc</i>) causes severe damage and economic losses in wild blueberry growing regions. Molecular mechanisms regulating defence responses of wild blueberry phenotypes towards this causal fungus are not yet fully known. A reliable quantification of gene expression using quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) is fundamental ... -
Seasonal dynamics of carbonate chemistry, nutrients and CO2 uptake in a sub-Arctic fjord
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-17)Environmental change can have a significant impact on biogeochemical cycles at high latitudes and be particularly important in ecologically valuable fjord ecosystems. Seasonality in biogeochemical cycling in a sub-Arctic fjord of northern Norway (Kaldfjorden) was investigated from October 2016 to September 2018. Monthly changes in total inorganic carbon (C<sub>T</sub>), alkalinity (A<sub>T</sub>), ... -
Assessment of benefits and risks of probiotics in processed cereal-based baby foods Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei F19
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2011-06-23)The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has appointed an ad hoc-group of experts to answer a request from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority regarding benefit and risk assessment of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei F19 (F19) in processed cereal-based baby foods intended for small children 1-3 years. This assessment is based on the literature provided by the notifier as well ... -
Risk assessment on welfare in turkeys. Opinion of the Panel of Animal Health and Welfare of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety
(Research report, 2016-02-15)The Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) asked the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet, VKM) for a risk assessment on turkey welfare. The VKM report will be used by NFSA in assessing the need for amending the existing regulations, competence requirements, and guidelines for surveillance and control related to keeping turkeys. Inspectors from NFSA ... -
Temperature does not influence functional response of amphipods consuming different trematode prey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-26)Direct consumption on free-living cercariae stages of trematodes by non-host organisms interferes with trematode transmission and leads to reduced infections in the next suitable hosts. Consumer functional responses provide a useful tool to examine relationships between consumption rates and ecologically relevant prey densities, whilst also accounting for abiotic factors that likely influence ... -
The influence of herring (Clupea harengus) biomass and distribution on killer whale (Orcinus orca) movements on the Norwegian shelf
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-01)Killer whales (Orcinus orca) have a cosmopolitan distribution with a broad diet ranging from fish to marine mammals. Regional populations show local prey specialization and their movements are tightly linked to those of their prey. Norwegian killer whales are known to feed extensively on Norwegian spring spawning (NSS) herring (Clupea harengus). Over the last decade, killer whales have begun to ... -
The rise of a marine generalist predator and the fall of beta diversity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-17)Determining the importance of physical and biological drivers in shaping biodiversity in diverse ecosystems remains a global challenge. Advancements have been made towards this end in large marine ecosystems with several studies suggesting environmental forcing as the primary driver. However, both empirical and theoretical studies point to additional drivers of changes in diversity involving trophic ... -
Planktivore vertical migration and shoaling under a subarctic light regime
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-03-20)Visually foraging planktivorous fish are prey of visual predators, and their foraging behaviour may be affected by light levels both in terms of gain and risk. The large seasonal change in day length throughout a subarctic summer at 69°N was used to show the influence of light on diel vertical migration (DVM) and shoaling patterns in a planktivorous fish assemblage consisting of two species (<i>Coregonus ... -
Overexpression analysis of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) R2R3-MYB transcription factors
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-15)Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is a dwarf shrub and its berries are rich source of nutrients, fibers and vitamins. Bilberry consumption has been shown to positively correlated with improvement of human health. Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs) are important secondary metabolites that are synthetized in plants via flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. PAs also have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory ... -
Change in sugar levels and related gene expression during bilberry fruit development and ripening
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-15)Vaccinium myrtillus L., commonly known as European blueberry or bilberry, has been used as food and medicine since ancient times. Bilberries are highly valued in European and Asian markets. Sugar accumulation is responsible for the sweet taste of fruit, which is one of the main determinants of fruit quality. However, sugar metabolism in bilberry has not been studied before. This study was aimed to ... -
Epibenthic and Demersal Fish Community Structure and the Effects of Environmental Conditions in the Sub-Arctic Fjords Vengsøyfjorden and Kaldfjorden
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-01)Epifauna are organisms that live on, or close to, the sediment surface and commonly consist of taxa such as sea anemones, sea/brittle stars, and crustaceans. These communities have an important role in redistributing and remineralizing marine organic matter, and as prey for commercially important shellfish and fish. The structure of epibenthic communities can be important indicators of anthropogenic ... -
Sympagic-pelagic coupling and vertical export in two seasonally ice-covered fjords. Study of the physical and biological drivers in the sub-Arctic Ramfjorden (Norwegian mainland) and the Arctic Van Mijenfjorden (Svalbard archipelago) during early spring bloom.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-01)Fjords are important high latitudes ecosystems, many have beside planctonic ones, a unique ecosystem associated with seasonal ice cover. During the development of the spring season conditions, two major type of primary producers contribute highly to the biomass production: sea-ice algae inhabiting brine channels and bottom surface of the ice (sympagic algae) and phytoplankton, living in the water ... -
Hungry during migration? Humpback whale movement from the Barents Sea to a feeding stopover in northern Norway revealed by photo-ID analysis
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-01)In the last nine winters, a humpback whale feeding aggregation has been observed in the nearshore waters and fjords of northern Norway. This seasonal humpback whale occurrence is presumably driven by a shift in the overwintering distribution of Norwegian spring spawning (NSS) herring into these coastal areas. Eastern North Atlantic humpback whales feed during summer in relative remote regions in ... -
Stability of space use in Svalbard coastal female polar bears: Intra-individual variability and influence of kinship
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-01)Philopatry influences the distribution of animals and can lead to the formation of kinship-based population structures when relatedness among individuals is tightly linked to their proximity. Two different polar bear ecotypes exist in the Barents Sea sub-population: “coastal” bears and “offshore” bears. Coastal bears remain year-round within the Svalbard archipelago whereas offshore bears follow the ... -
Spreading or Gathering? Can Traditional Knowledge be a Resource to Tackle Reindeer Diseases Associated with Climate Change?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-18)This paper inquires whether reindeer herders’ traditional knowledge (TK) provides a reservoir of precaution and adaptation possibilities that may be relevant to counteract climate change. As our core example, we used the milking of reindeer—which, in some areas, was practiced up until the 1950s–1960s—and the risk of getting foot rot disease (digital necrobacillosis; slubbo in North Sámi), caused by ... -
Homesick plants - a study on Plant-soil feedback in home and foreign soil following a latitudinal sampling gradient from Morocco to Svalbard
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-01)Plant-soil feedbacks receive increasing attention as impactors of plant performance and drivers of plant community composition. How plant-soil feedbacks act in introduction events regarding both native and foreign species is a topic requiring more research. In this aspect, two particular theories are of interest, Home-field advantage, and Enemy-release. The former predicts that plants perform best ... -
Demographic responses of Daphnia magna fed transgenic Bt-maize
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-10-27)The food/feed quality of a variety of genetically modified (GM) maize expressing Cry1Ab Bt-toxin was tested over the life-cycle of <i>Daphnia magna</i>, an arthropod commonly used as model organism in ecotoxicological studies. Demographic responses were compared between animals fed GM or unmodified (UM) near isogenic maize, with and without the addition of predator smell. Age-specific data on survival ... -
Can aquaculture impact the surrounding biodiversity? A metabarcoding assessment
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-01)World’s population growth and rise in food consumption per capita have led to increased food demand and overexploitation of natural resources in recent decades. Such increase has threatened the global feeding schemes to maintain a balance between food supply and demand. Although “The Blue Revolution” promised to fill such gap and simultaneously alleviate the overexploitation of the oceans, deterioration ...
