<p><b>Background</b> A healthy diet can decrease the risk of several lifestyle diseases. From studying the health effects of single foods, research now focuses on examining complete diets and dietary patterns reflecting the combined intake of different foods. The main goals of the current study were to identify dietary patterns and then investigate how these differ in terms of sex, age, educational ...

We define and study a class of Reed–Muller type error-correcting codes obtained from elementary symmetric functions in finitely many variables. We determine the code parameters and higher weight spectra in the simplest cases.

We introduce some novel adaptations of Life-Like Automata. We focus mainly on some modifications of the original rules where the evolution of the system is depending from the step and the zone of the grid. We study also the properties of some novel non-deterministic adaptations.

The maximal contact symmetry dimensions for scalar ODEs of order ≥ 4 and vector ODEs of order ≥ 3 are well known. Using a Cartan-geometric approach, we determine for these ODEs the next largest realizable (submaximal) symmetry dimension. Moreover, finer curvature-constrained submaximal symmetry dimensions are also classified.

We extend Tanaka theory to the context of supergeometry and obtain an upper bound on the supersymmetry dimension of geometric structures related to strongly regular bracket-generating distributions on supermanifolds and their structure reductions.

This thesis is concerned with the (non)existence of Killing Tensors in Koutras-McIntosh spacetimes. Killing tensors are of particular interest in general relativity, because these correspond to conserved quantities for the geodesic motion. For instance, Carter found such a conserved quantity in the Kerr metric which he used to explicitly integrate the geodesic equations. The equation defining ...

Simple climate models have gathered much attention as they have suggested the possibility of abrupt climate change associated with tipping points. Several simple climate models are found to have multiple equilibria, but in most cases similar equilibria do not appear or become too difficult to find in complex, fully coupled earth system models. In this thesis, we investigate a simple climate model, ...

This thesis is concerned with classification and regression using deep learning applied to fish otolith images. Otoliths (earstones) are calcified structures in the inner ear of vertebrates, and are used, for instance, in fish stock assessment and fish age determination. We use convolutional neural networks – a class of deep learning models - on two specific problems: discrimination between Northeast ...

Arctic Ocean properties and processes are highly relevant to the regional and global coupled climate system, yet still scarcely observed, especially in winter. Team OCEAN conducted a full year of physical oceanography observations as part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), a drift with the Arctic sea ice from October 2019 to September 2020. ...

Holomorphically homogeneous Cauchy–Riemann (CR) real hypersurfaces <i>M<i/>³⊂C² were classified by Élie Cartan in 1932. In the next dimension, we complete the classification of simply-transitive Levi non-degenerate hypersurfaces <i>M<i/>⁵⊂C³ using a novel Lie algebraic approach independent of any earlier classifications of abstract Lie algebras. Central ...