Introduction: A rural gradient in trauma mortality disfavoring remote inhabitants is well known. Previous studies have shown higher risk of traumatic deaths in rural areas in Norway, combined with a paradoxically decreased prevalence of non-fatal injuries. We investigated the risk of fatal and severe non-fatal injuries among all adults in Norway during 2002–2016.<p> <p>Methods: All traumatic ...

In jawed vertebrates, two major T cell populations have been characterized. They are defined as α/β or γ/δ T cells, based on the expressed T cell receptor. Salmonids (family Salmonidae) include two key teleost species for aquaculture, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) which constitute important models for fish immunology and important targets for vaccine development. ...

Background - Nearly all insectivorous bats (Chiroptera) are strictly nocturnal, flying and feeding only between sunset and sunrise despite lower insect availability than by day, most likely to avoid predation by diurnal birds. This may represent a great challenge to bats living north of the Arctic Circle, which are exposed to bright nights in the period of the midnight sun. The northern bat Eptesicus ...

We characterize, more precisely than before, what Rawls calls the ‘analytical’ method of drawing up a list of basic liberties. This method employs one or more general conditions that, under <i>any</i> just social order whatever, putative entitlements must meet for them to be among the basic liberties encompassed, within <i>some</i> just social order, by Rawls’s first principle of justice (i.e. the ...

Fatigue is the most commonly noted symptom among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of fatigue among PLHIV in Norway. Two hundred and forty-four people were recruited from two hospitals to participate in a survey, which contained seven instruments used to investigate mental health, addiction, quality ...

Unprecedented and dramatic transformations are occurring in the Arctic in response to climate change, but academic, public, and political discourse has disproportionately focussed on the most visible and direct aspects of change, including sea ice melt, permafrost thaw, the fate of charismatic megafauna, and the expansion of fisheries. Such narratives disregard the importance of less visible and ...

Digital læring er kommet for å bli i høyere utdanning, og studentene etterspør flere fleksible og digitale læringsressurser. Dette kapittelet handler om pedagogiske valg og didaktiske vurderinger i utvikling av den digitale læringsressursen «Inter-Dig». Hvordan utvikle en digital læringsressurs for helsefagstudenter som skal lære tverrprofesjonelt samarbeid? Hvilke pedagogiske overveielser tas ved ...

In colonially breeding marine predators, individual movements and colonial segregation are influenced by seascape characteristics. Tidewater glacier fronts are important features of the Arctic seascape and are often described as foraging hotspots. Albeit their documented importance for wildlife, little is known about their structuring effect on Arctic predator movements and space use. In this study, ...

Personer med utviklingshemming er i hovedsak ekskludert fra det ordinære arbeidslivet. I 2006 ble arbeidsmarkedstiltaket Varig tilrettelagt arbeid i ordinær virksomhet (VTAO) innført for å øke arbeidsdeltakelsen for denne gruppen. Innføringen av VTAO-tiltaket kan ses som en «Top-down»-innovasjon som i dag i liten utstrekning tilbys utviklingshemmede. Med utgangspunkt i intervju med Nav-veiledere ...

Plastic debris has been accumulating in the marine realm since the start of plastic mass production in the 1950s. Due to the adverse effects on ocean life, the fate of plastics in the marine environment is an increasingly important environmental issue. Microbial degradation, in addition to weathering, has been identified as a potentially relevant breakdown route for marine plastic debris. Although ...