• Ice Accretion on Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle—A Review Study 

      Muhammed, Manaf; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-28)
      Ice accretion on commercial aircraft operating at high Reynolds numbers has been extensively studied in the literature, but a direct transformation of these results to an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operating at low Reynolds numbers is not straightforward. Changes in Reynolds number have a significant impact on the ice accretion physics. Previously, only a few researchers worked in this area, ...
    • Ice Accretion on Rotary-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles—A Review Study 

      Muhammed, Manaf; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-08)
      Ice accretion on rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (RWUAVs) needs to be studied separately from the fixed-wing UAVs because of the additional flow complexities induced by the propeller rotation. The aerodynamics of rotatory wings are extremely challenging compared to the fixed-wing configuration. Atmospheric icing can be considered a hazard that can plague the operation of UAVs, especially in the ...
    • Steady and Time Dependent Study of Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB) behavior along UAV Airfoil RG-15 

      Muhammed, Manaf; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-29)
      The flow around the Unmanned Arial Vehicle (UAV) operating at a low Reynolds number regime of the O() is predominantly laminar and it leads to the formation of Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB). The pressure, shear stress, and heat flux distribution are considerably affected by LSB, which affects lift, drag, and pitching moment values. Most existing RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) turbulence ...