The harsh climate of the Arctic has always posed significant challenges to car drivers. The severe loss in traction due to snow and icing on the roads has led to an increased risk of collisions. The purpose of this work is to replace the conventional air-filled tire with a non-pneumatic tire to improve the grip in the Arctic conditions. The grip obtained for tires is determined by the weight of the ...

Roads constitute a significant hazard if the effects of wintertime are not handled well. After a heavy snowfall, the most dangerous factor is a slippery surface due to ice adhesion with the asphalt pavement. The ice on roads increases the risk of road accidents and, upon melting, contributes to the formation of Low-Temperature Cracks (LTCs) and potholes. This research explores the physical ...

A finite volume based Eulerian-Lagrangian model has been created within OpenFOAM® in order to predict the behavior of particle clouds as well as particle deposition thicknesses on substrates under the influence of electro-static effects. The model resolves close to electrode effects as well as phenomena within the entire deposition chamber. It considers fluid dynamic effects, particle inertia, ...

Multiphysics simulation software has been developed to predict the key performance attributes of industrial powder coating applications based on applied process-parameter settings. The software is a Eulerian-Lagrangian finite-volume Multiphysics solver based on OpenFOAM, capable of modelling mass transfer effects between powder-coating pistols and electrically grounded metallic substrates. It considers ...

In industrial processes, powder coating is widely utilized to attain functional or aesthetic surface properties on manufactured parts. A Eulerian-Lagrangian Multiphysics solver has been developed within the OpenFOAM framework in order to simulate and optimize such processes with regards to coating efficiency and homogeneity. In the scope of this study, the powder particle-substrate and particle-particle ...

Infrared thermography is the science of detecting infrared energy emitted from an object, converting it to apparent temperature, and producing images of that radiation, called thermograms. Infrared thermography means "beyond red temperature image". IR thermography being a remote non-contact/non-destructive means of testing is perfectly suitable for tests in extreme environments. Also, it is fast, ...

The use of experimental rate constants for producing a high yield of liquid fuels from the pyrolysis of plastic waste is not widely accepted owing to a lack of compatibility between the different kinetic rate constants responsible for successful conversion reactions. In R software, the Arrhenius law can forecast the ideal combination of reaction rate constants and frequency factors and then perform ...

Marine icing phenomenon depends on multiple variables like vessel characteristics and uncertain factors like environmental parameters, developing an accurate model for its forecasting, evaluation, and estimation is very challenging. Commonly, most severe ice accretion is caused due to sea spray. The past attempts to measure impinging sea spray flux were carried out on specific parts of the spray ...

The growing production of plastic waste and improper dumping after use has become a worldwide challenge. This waste is a substantial source of petroleum and can be effectively converted into pyrolytic oil and other useful products. A statistical prediction of the rate constants is essential for optimizing pyrolysis process parameters, such as activation energy (Ea), frequency factor (Ao), temperature ...

Carbon nanotube (CNT) films are gaining traction in applications such as transparent conductive films, electro-magnetic shields and thin film heaters. However, to date, few cost-effective large-area CNT coating methods have been reported. Here, we present a roll-to-roll (R2R) slot-die coating process for thin film CNT heaters. In this process, a CNT suspension is continuously coated on a PET film ...