Circadian rhythms regulate living organisms over a 24h period. From daily activity to cellular function. The polar regions are subject to different photoperiods across the year, which impact the environmental conditions on a seasonal and daily basis. Evidence of crosstalk between circadian core clock genes and hypoxia with genes involved the mitochondrial dynamics, as well as oxygen sensing, provide ...

Studying an animal’s movement patterns in both space and time can shed light on the strategies individuals use to optimize foraging and adapt to seasonal and environmental variation. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) are dynamic, apex predators inhabiting all the world’s oceans, predating and specializing on a wide variety of prey. Over the last decade, large numbers of Norwegian killer whales have been ...

Arctic peatlands act as important sources and sinks of carbon. Microbial decomposition takes place in these soils, producing the greenhouse gasses carbon dioxide and methane as end-products. A variety of aerobic and anaerobic microbial pathways are involved in the decomposition of organic material in peat soil. In anoxic soil layers, methane and carbon dioxide is often produced through syntropic ...

Svalbard ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea), permanent inhabitants of the High Arctic, lose daily behavioral rhythmicity during polar day and night, and rhythms in core body temperature (Tb) weaken after prolonged exposure to constant photic conditions. A weak circadian system has been suggested in Svalbard ptarmigan, however, the molecular clockwork in Svalbard ptarmigan has not been investigated ...

Hooded seal pups are highly adapted to their proximate environment from the moment they are born. They are born with a substantial blubber layer, and they gain 20+ kg of body mass during their short nursing-period (2-4 days). With the body mass gained during nursing mainly being a result of fat deposition, it made them an excellent model to use when studying the fat metabolism and its contribution ...

Boreogadus saida (Polar cod) is a critical ecological linkage between planktonic primary production and megafaunal top consumers in the Arctic. Despite its critical ecology, the population structure, especially the relationship between fjord and oceanic groups inhabiting environments with different physical characteristics, is poorly described. Though the subject of several genetic studies, an ...

The Svalbard ptarmigan exhibits profound seasonal variations in body mass. The deposition of fat in the fall is an adaptation that allows the ptarmigan to survive periods of food shortages during the Arctic winter. In this study, previously unexplored molecular aspects of this well- established body mass cycle were investigated. Captive Svalbard ptarmigan fed ad libitum and kept under short photoperiod ...

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for anadromous fish such as salmonids often require salinity changes during the production cycle. However, high or variable salinity can disrupt the biological nitrification process, which can be detrimental to the fish due to the accumulation of toxic ammonia or nitrite. Thus, it is vital to maintain sufficient nitrification capacity in RAS during salinity ...

This article explores the construction of multilingualism in the semiotic landscapes of two kindergartens, one in Norway and one in Germany. <i>Semiotic landscape</i> is here understood as the visual linguistic environment, including various semiotic resources, such as texts, symbols, drawings or pictures. In kindergarten, semiotic landscapes construct and transform views on languages and multilingualism ...

In many species of marine benthic invertebrates, a planktonic larval phase plays a critical role in dispersal. Very little is known about the larval biology of most species, however, in part because species identification has historically been hindered by the microscopic size and morphological similarity among related taxa. This study aimed to determine the taxonomic composition and seasonal ...