Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of epithelium-on corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) using a multifactorial approach to achieve proper stromal riboflavin saturation. Methods. This non-randomized retrospective study comprised 61 eyes with progressive keratoconus treated with epithelium-on CXL. Chemical epithelial penetration enhancement (benzalkonium chloride-containing local medication ...

Outdoor therapy and family-based therapy are suggested to be promising interventions for the treatment of mental health problems. The aim of the present scoping review was to systematically map the concept, content, and outcome of combining family- and outdoor-based therapy for children and adolescents with mental health problems. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA guidelines were ...

<p><i>Bakgrunn:</i> Godt smittevern i sykehjem forebygger infeksjoner og hindrer spredning av antibiotikaresistente bakterier. Sykehjem er gjennom Smittevernforskriften pålagt å ha oppdatert infeksjonskontrollprogram (IKP). Det fins lite forskning på IKP og implementering av myndighetskrav knyttet til IKP i sykehjem i Norge. Med økende eldrebefolkning og større ansvar for sykere pasienter i ...

I oppgaven undersøkes hvordan vergemål kan brukes for unge voksne som mottar ettervern etter barnevernloven. Det er gjort en kvalitativ dokumentanalyse av lovforarbeid, lovverk og dokumenter fra Statens Sivilrettsforvaltning. Det er brukt hermeneutisk tilnærming i analysen, hvor forhold som kan påvirke hvordan vergemål kan brukes i ettervern er kategorisert, analysert og diskutert med utgangspunkt ...

There are several studies concerning parasite communities in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and other salmonids in Norwegian lakes. These are mainly conducted in deeper oligotrophic inland lakes with a few coastal exceptions. Coastal lakes with eutrophic characteristics have received less attention. Therefore, this study aims to investigate similarities and differences in parasite diversity and ...

EISCAT VHF radar data are used for observing, monitoring, and understanding Earth’s upper atmosphere. This paper presents an approach to segment Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSE) from datasets obtained from EISCAT VHF radar data. The data consist of 30 observations days, corresponding to 56,250 data samples. We manually labeled the data into three different categories: PMSE, Ionospheric ...

This study aimed to elucidate cryptic trematode diversity across multiple life stages in aquatic organisms. I collected samples from first intermediate hosts (bivalves), second intermediate hosts (amphipods and insect nymphs), and definitive hosts (fish), and identified them by use of molecular methods. Phylograms based on molecular markers from 28S and COI genes were used to identify nine species ...

Birds are endothermic homeotherms that regulate internal metabolic heat production to keep a stable body core temperature. Lung ventilation, which is required to obtain oxygen for metabolism, is potentially a large source for heat and water loss. In a polar habitat with low year-round temperatures and scarcity of food in the winter, conservation of heat and water is crucial for survival of the ...

Knowing the metabolic rate of marine mammals is often important as baseline knowledge of their biology and physiology, e.g., to allow ecosystem assessments and estimation of their resource needs and use, and prey requirements. However, our current knowledge of energetics of large cetaceans is limited compared to many smaller cetaceans. Determining the energy expenditure of large free-ranging whales ...

Citizen science is increasingly used to include in ecological monitoring over the past three decades. Web-based applications or smart phones enable citizens to record observations or experiences at larger temporal and spatial scale and provide opportunities for a larger number of citizens to participate in mapping observations. Citizen science can also be used to record, or map observed and experienced ...