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Irradiated tumor fibroblasts avoid immune recognition and retain immunosuppressive functions over NK cells
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2021-01-22)Recent studies have demonstrated that radiotherapy is able to induce anti-tumor immune responses in addition to mediating direct cytotoxic effects. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are central constituents of the tumor stroma and participate actively in tumor immunoregulation. However, the capacity of CAFs to influence immune responses in the context of radiotherapy is still poorly understood. ... -
Salmonid Alphavirus Subtype 3 Induces Prolonged Local B Cell Responses in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) After Intraperitoneal Infection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-10)B cell responses are a crucial part of the adaptive immune response to viral infection. Infection by salmonid alphavirus subtype 3 (SAV3) causes pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) and is a serious concern to the aquaculture industry. In this study, we have used intraperitoneal (IP) infection with SAV3 as a model to characterize local B cell responses in the peritoneal ... -
Decades of Recovery From Sheep Grazing Reveal No Effects on Plant Diversity Patterns Within Icelandic Tundra Landscapes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-26)Tundra plant communities are often shaped by topography. Contrasting wind exposure, slopes of different inclination and landforms of different curvature affect habitat conditions and shape plant diversity patterns. The majority of tundra is also grazed by ungulates, which may alter topographically induced plant diversity patterns, but such effects may depend on the spatial scales of assessments. ... -
Evaluation of the performance of clinical predictors in estimating the probability of pulmonary tuberculosis among smear-negative cases in Northern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2020-11-03)<i>Objectives</i> - To evaluate the performance of the predictors in estimating the probability of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) when all versus only significant variables are combined into a decision model (1) among all clinical suspects and (2) among smear-negative cases based on the results of culture tests.<p> <p><i>Design</i> - A cross-sectional study.<p> <p><i>Setting</i> - Two public ... -
Analysis of medico-social factors for return to work among patients presenting with haematological malignancy (adamantine): Results of a 'pilot study'
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-02)<i>Objective</i> - The aim of this study was to describe return to work determinants in patients with haematological malignancy.<p> <p><i>Results</i> - This medico-social pilot study included patients with haematological malignancy in the <i>département</i> of Calvados, aged 18 to 55 years, diagnosed between 1st January and 31st December 2010 and alive at 1st January 2015. Patients were identified ... -
Vaccination criteria based on factors influencing COVID-19 diffusion and mortality
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-15)SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious, rapidly turned into a pandemic, and is causing a relevant number of critical to severe life-threatening COVID-19 patients. However, robust statistical studies of a large cohort of patients, potentially useful to implement a vaccination campaign, are rare. We analyzed public data of about 19,000 patients for the period 28 February to 15 May 2020 by several mathematical ... -
Surgeon’s experience and clinical outcome after retropubic tension‐free vaginal tape - A case series
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-27)<i>Introduction</i> - The retropubic tension‐free vaginal tape procedure has been the preferred method for primary surgical treatment of stress and stress‐dominant mixed urinary incontinence in women for more than 20 years. In this study, we assessed associations between surgeon's experience with the primary tension‐free vaginal tape procedure and both perioperative complications and recurrence ... -
Identification and experimental confirmation of novel cGMP efflux inhibitors by virtual ligand screening of vardenafil-analogues
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-28)<i>Background</i> - Clinical studies have reported overexpression of PDE5 and elevation of intracellular cyclic GMP in various types of cancer cells. ABCC5 transports cGMP out of the cells with high affinity. PDE5 inhibitors prevent both cellular metabolism and cGMP efflux by inhibiting ABCC5 as well as PDE5. Increasing intracellular cGMP is hypothesized to promote apoptosis and growth restriction ... -
On the Status of Transfer in Adult Third Language Acquisition of Early Bilinguals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-04)The study of linguistic transfer—understood here in terms of the copying of previous linguistic representations—seeks to reveal how domain-relevant prior language knowledge impacts the acquisition and development of new mental representations more generally. Studying sequential multilingualism offers a natural laboratory to observe cognitive-economical mechanisms that avoid redundancy in language ... -
The Nordic Sámediggis and the Limits of Indigenous Self-Determination
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2016)<p>From an international perspective, the popularly elected <i>Sámediggis</i> (Sámi Parliaments), established more than two decades ago in the Nordic countries of Finland, Norway and Sweden, represent unique institutional arrangements to enhance and safeguard indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination. In this article the authors compare the legal basis, status, authority and mandate of the ... -
CALCOCO1 acts with VAMP ‐associated proteins to mediate ER ‐phagy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-11)The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays important roles in protein synthesis and folding, and calcium storage. The volume of the ER and expression of its resident proteins are increased in response to nutrient stress. ER‐phagy, a selective form of autophagy, is involved in the degradation of the excess components of the ER to restore homeostasis. Six ER‐resident proteins have been identified as ER‐phagy ... -
Photonic-chip assisted correlative light and electron microscopy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-07)Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) unifies the versatility of light microscopy (LM) with the high resolution of electron microscopy (EM), allowing one to zoom into the complex organization of cells. Here, we introduce photonic chip assisted CLEM, enabling multi-modal total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy over large field of view and high precision localization of the ... -
Biomarkers of major bleeding after incident venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-03-23)Major bleeding (MB) events are feared and potentially fatal complications of anticoagulant treatment in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Even though several clinical risk factors are associated with MB risk, the predictive power of currently available risk assessment models remain limited for VTE. The aim of this thesis was to identify biomarkers of MB risk during the first year after an ... -
In-Silico Evaluation of Glucose Regulation Using Policy Gradient Reinforcement Learning for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-11)In this paper, we test and evaluate policy gradient reinforcement learning for automated blood glucose control in patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Recent research has shown that reinforcement learning is a promising approach to accommodate the need for individualized blood glucose level control algorithms. The motivation for using policy gradient algorithms comes from the fact that adaptively ... -
The relation of gender role attitudes with depression and generalised anxiety disorder in two Russian cities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-08)<i>Background</i> - Reported traditional gender role attitudes (GRAs) have been related to worse mental health in western countries. This study examined the link of GRAs with symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) in two Russian cities.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - We used interview data from the cross-sectional Know Your Heart Study conducted among 5099 adults aged 35-69 in ... -
Å lede eksperter inn i nye arbeidsmåter. Lederatferd ved implementering av primærhelseteam på fastlegekontor
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-15)Ledelse ved norske fastlegekontor er lite utforsket; fastleger deler ofte på ledelsesfunksjoner, og hver fastlege er i stor grad sin egen leder. Helsemyndighetene i Norge og andre land ønsker tverrfaglige team rundt utvalgte pasientgrupper, men mange fastleger er skeptiske. Artikkelen utforsker lederatferd når fastlegekontor skal utvikles fra en samling solopraksiser under samme tak til å bli ... -
Biochemical characterization of ferric uptake regulator (Fur) from Aliivibrio salmonicida. Mapping the DNA sequence specificity through binding studies and structural modelling
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-09)Iron is an essential nutrient for bacteria, however its propensity to form toxic hydroxyl radicals at high intracellular concentrations, requires its acquisition to be tightly regulated. Ferric uptake regulator (Fur) is a metal-dependent DNA-binding protein that acts as a transcriptional regulator in maintaining iron metabolism in bacteria and is a highly interesting target in the design of new ... -
Liposomal delivery of antibiotic loaded nucleic acid nanogels with enhanced drug loading and synergistic anti-inflammatory activity against S. aureus intracellular infections
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-07)The persistence of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> has been accredited to its ability to escape immune response via host cell invasion. Despite the efficacy of many antibiotics against <i>S. aureus</i>, the high extracellular concentrations of conventional antibiotics required for bactericidal activity is limited by their low cellular accumulation and poor intracellular retention. While nanocarriers ... -
The nature of posttraumatic nightmares and school functioning in war-affected youth
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-25)Children and adolescents who have experienced traumatic events demonstrate a variety of posttraumatic symptoms, including recurrent nightmares, as well as adverse reactions in the school setting. The current study examined nightmare symptoms, posttraumatic stress, sleep disturbance, and self- and teacher-reported school functioning of 64 youths in the Gaza Strip, ages 12 to 16, who have lived through ... -
Sars-CoV-2 hos barn og ungdom i Norge: Påvist smitte, sykehusinnleggelser og underliggende tilstander
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-24)BAKGRUNN - Barn og unge har lavere risiko for sykdom forårsaket av sars-CoV-2. Vi beskriver forekomsten av påvist smitte og innleggelser hos barn og unge under 20 år i Norge, og spesifikt blant dem med underliggende tilstander.<p> <p>MATERIALE OG METODE - Helsedirektoratet har i samarbeid med Folkehelseinstituttet etablert et datauttrekk for å overvåke koronavirusutbruddet. Data fra ...
