Fjerdeinstansdoktrinen er i EMK-retten et uttrykk for EMDs materielle kompetanse ved overprøvingen av nasjonale rettsavgjørelser. Doktrinen innebærer at EMD i utgangspunktet ikke skal overprøve nasjonale domstolers rettslige eller faktiske vurderinger eller foreta resultatkontroll av den nasjonale rettsavgjørelse. Fjerdeinstansdoktrinen er særlig aktuell i artikkel 6-spørsmål hvor den nasjonale ...

Breitfussins are a group of a closely related heterocyclic compounds. They consist of a tetracyclic structure with an indole, an oxazole and a pyrrole. The breitfussins exhibit interesting biological activity and analogues synthesis and biological evaluation is ongoing. Phorbazoles have a structural similarity with breitfussins in which a phenol replaces the indole. As a part of this, synthesis of ...

Stratiform jernmalm av verdensklasse fremgår i Dunderlandsdalen, der de prinsipielle malmmineralene består av hematitt og magnetitt. Jernmalmen tilhører Dunderlandsformasjonen, som er del av Ramnålidekket innenfor Rødingsfjell dekkekompleks i det øverste allokton av den kaledonske fjellkjeden. Sidebergartene til jernmalmen består av godt folierte glimmerskifere, metapsammitter og tykke lagpakker av ...

The Dunderlandsdalen iron district, Northern Norway, hosts a world-class stratiform Fe-mineralization (total tonnage of ~500 Mt at 33% Fe). The iron ore units belong to the Dunderland Formation in the Ramnålia Nappe, which further belongs to the Rødingsfjellet Nappe of the Caledonian Uppermost Allochthon. Hematite and magnetite represent the principal ore minerals and are hosted by amphibolite grade ...

What does it mean to mediate in the contemporary world? During the Cold War, and since, various forms of international intervention have maintained a fragile strategic and territorially sovereign balance between states and their elite leaders, as in Cyprus or the Middle East, or built new states and inculcated new norms. In the post-Cold War era intervention and mediation shifted beyond the balance ...

This thesis is describing the life of the circus community, considered to be a specific type of group recognized by a traveling way of life, behavioural signs, different values, or cultural practices etc. This research is based mainly on participant observation with and without a camera following a small, traditional family from a Czech circus, consisting of 16 members founded in 2010. In this ...

Policy debates on conflict research, which are mostly directly used to develop practices of soft intervention (including conflict resolution, peacebuilding and statebuilding), emanate from common epistemic and ontological frameworks. Most have been produced and perpetuated by key institutions in the global North through their encounter with historical direct and structural violence, both North and ...

Contrary to most debates about state formation, this article outlines an alternative perspective on the shaping of political community – and the international peace architecture – based on the agency of actors engaged in peaceful forms of politics after war. Drawing on long-standing critical debates, it investigates the positive potential of ‘peace formation’, outlining the theoretical development ...

I 2017 undersøkte Tromsø Museum en boplass fra eldre steinalder, ett árran fra middelalder og skyteskjul antatt å være samiske, men som viste seg å være av moderne karakter. Boplassen fra steinalder besto av ulike funnkonsentrasjoner og kunne dateres til perioden 8500-8200 f. Kr. Gjenstandsmaterialet var innholdsrikt med kjerner, tangespisser, eneggete spisser, mikrolitter og veldokumentert ...

<i>Background and aims</i>: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of mirror and tactile therapy on phantom and stump pain in patients with traumatic amputations, with particular reference to amputees in low-income communities.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: The study was conducted with an open, randomized, semi-crossover case-control design in rural Cambodia. A study sample of 45 landmine ...