Browsing Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet by Title
Now showing items 6248-6267 of 10152
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A multicentre hospital outbreak in Sweden caused by introduction of a vanB2 transposon into a stably maintained pRUM-plasmid in an Enterococcus faecium ST192 clone.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)The clonal dissemination of VanB-type vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) strains in three Swedish hospitals between 2007 and 2011 prompted further analysis to reveal the possible origin and molecular characteristics of the outbreak strain. A representative subset of VREfm isolates (n = 18) and vancomycin-susceptible E. faecium (VSEfm, n = 2) reflecting the spread in time and location ... -
Multicomponent Lifestyle Interventions for Treating Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-17)Background:<br> Treatment of childhood obesity is important in preventing development of obesity-related diseases later in life. This systematic review evaluates the effect of multicomponent lifestyle interventions for children and adolescents from 2 to 18 years. <br>Methods and Results:<br> We performed systematic searches in nine databases. Thirty-nine studies met the criteria for meta-analyses. ... -
The Multifaceted Challenges in Teacher-Student Relationships: A Qualitative Study of Teachers' and Principals' Experiences and Views Regarding the Dropout Rate in Norwegian Upper-Secondary Education
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-04-12)The purpose of our study was to enhance understanding of teachers' and principals' experiences and views regarding the high dropout rate in Norwegian upper secondary schools. Qualitative analysis showed that the teacher-student relationships over years had become more complicated since the implementation of a new educational reform, making the syllabus increasingly theoretical and thus reducing the ... -
Multifaktorielle sykdommer i norsk lakseoppdrett. Sluttrapport
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2015-07-02)Prosjektet «Multifaktorielle sykdommer i norsk lakseoppdrett» er utført i et samarbeid mellom Nofima, Veterinærinstituttet, AquaGen AS og Patogen AS. Hovedmålet for prosjektet var å øke kunnskapen om utviklingen av multifaktorielle sykdommer ved å vurdere effekten av ulike variabler og deres interaksjon. Effekten av ulike variabler (genetisk resistens mot IPN, IPNV bærer status, IPNV reaktivering ... -
Multifunctional Nanofibrous Dressing with Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties Prepared by Needle-Free Electrospinning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-21)An active wound dressing should address the main goals in wound treatment, which are improved wound healing and reduced infection rates. We developed novel multifunctional nanofibrous wound dressings with three active ingredients: chloramphenicol (CAM), beta-glucan (βG) and chitosan (CHI), of which βG and CHI are active nanofiber-forming biopolymers isolated from the cell walls of Saccharomyces ... -
A Multilab Study of Bilingual Infants: Exploring the Preference for Infant-Directed Speech
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-12)From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) compared with adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multisite study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic ... -
Multilocus sequence typing and ftsI sequencing: a powerful tool for surveillance of penicillin-binding protein 3-mediated beta-lactam resistance in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)Background Beta-lactam resistance in Haemophilus influenzae due to ftsI mutations causing altered penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) is increasing worldwide. Low-level resistant isolates with the N526K substitution (group II low-rPBP3) predominate in most geographical regions, while high-level resistant isolates with the additional S385T substitution (group III high-rPBP3) are common in Japan ... -
Multilocus Sequence Typing of Genital Chlamydia trachomatis in Norway Reveals Multiple New Sequence Types and a Large Genetic Diversity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)The Chlamydia trachomatis incidence rate in Finnmark, the most northern and sparsely populated county in Norway, has been twice the national average. This population based cross-sectional study among Finnmark high school students had the following aims: i) to examine distribution of multilocus sequence types (STs) of C. trachomatis in a previously unmapped area, ii) to compare chlamydia genetic ... -
Multimodal classification of molecular subtypes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-08)Genomic analyses have redefined the molecular subgrouping of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Molecular subgroups guide risk-stratification and targeted therapies, but outcomes of recently identified subtypes are often unclear, owing to limited cases with comprehensive profiling and cross-protocol studies. We developed a machine learning tool (ALLIUM) for the molecular subclassification ... -
Multimodal super-resolution optical microscopy visualizes the close connection between membrane and the cytoskeleton in liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) act as a filter between blood and the hepatocytes. LSECs are highly fenestrated cells; they contain transcellular pores with diameters between 50 to 200 nm. The small sizes of the fenestrae have so far prohibited any functional analysis with standard and advanced light microscopy techniques. Only the advent of super-resolution optical fluorescence microscopy ... -
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Catching up to what kind of science?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-27)The recent review of Molot et al. (2023) appropriately emphasizes Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) as a growing health issue and the necessity of dedicated healthcare and medical education. The authors explain MCS mainly as the result of the sensitization of transient receptor potential (TRP) receptors, notably TRPV1 and TRPA1, and oppose this explanation to psychological processes as a causal ... -
Multiple faces of succinate beyond metabolism in blood
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-28)Succinate is an essential intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle that exerts pleiotropic roles beyond metabolism in both physiological and pathological conditions. Recent evidence obtained in mouse models shows its essential role regulating blood cell function through various mechanisms that include pseudohypoxia responses by hypoxiainducible factor-1α activation, post-translational modifications ... -
Multiple miscarriages are associated with the risk of ovarian cancer: results from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)While the risk of ovarian cancer clearly reduces with each full-term pregnancy, the effect of incomplete pregnancies is unclear. We investigated whether incomplete pregnancies (miscarriages and induced abortions) are associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. This observational study was carried out in female participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ... -
Multiple perspectives and dialogue in understanding experiences of living with eating disorders: Two narratives—four unpackings
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-15)Background: This is a response to Conti et al.’s article, “Listening in the dark: why we need stories of people living with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa” (published in JED, 2016), and its call for relational metaphors and a rela tional approach to supplement the traditional medical/psychological diagnostic language used to describe the life experiences and complex emotions of people ... -
A multiple risk factor program is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease in 70-year-olds: A cohort study from Sweden
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-11)<i>Background</i> - In individuals below 65 years of age, primary prevention programs have not been successful in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. However, no large study to our knowledge has previously evaluated the effects of prevention programs in individuals aged 65 years or older. The present cohort study evaluated the risk of CVD in a primary prevention program for ... -
Multiple sclerosis in Northern Norway, epidemiology and comorbidity
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-04-25)<p><i>Background:</i> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe chronic inflammatory disease in the central nervous system, mainly affecting young adults. The prevalence varies between different parts of the world, but the general rule is that it increases with increasing latitude. Studies on comorbid conditions in MS are limited, but this topic have gained increasing interest. <p><i>Aims:</i> To describe ... -
Multiple sources for Sertoli Cells and two Sertoli phenotypes in the adult elasmobranch testis: insight from two species belonging to different Orders
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-09)Findings presented here for the chondrichthyans <i>Prionace glauca</i> and <i>Isurus oxyrinchus</i> show that the assembly of the spermatocyst and it's attached collecting duct are seamlessly connected developmental phenomena. The cyst's somatic cell component (i.e., Sertoli cells, SCs) and the duct's constituent cells derive both from a common precursor cell type (typically a large oblong cell) ... -
Multiple specialised goose-type lysozymes potentially compensate for an exceptional lack of chickentype lysozymes in Atlantic cod
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-21)Previous analyses of the Atlantic cod genome showed unique combinations of lacking and expanded number of genes for the immune system. The present study examined lysozyme activity, lysozyme gene distribution and expression in cod. Enzymatic assays employing specific bacterial lysozyme inhibitors provided evidence for presence of g-Type, but unexpectedly not for c-Type lysozyme activity. Database ... -
Multippel sklerose. En oversikt over sykdommen. Studie av forekomst av MS i sykehusmateriale, kvantitativ klinisk evaluering og resultater av laboratorieundersøkelser
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2002-08) -
Multiscale and Multimodal Optical Imaging of the Ultrastructure of Human Liver Biopsies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-17)The liver as the largest organ in the human body is composed of a complex macroscopic and microscopic architecture that supports its indispensable function to maintain physiological homeostasis. Optical imaging of the human liver is particularly challenging because of the need to cover length scales across 7 orders of magnitude (from the centimeter scale to the nanometer scale) in order to fully ...