Blar i tittel Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak)
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"I sound" - yoik as embodied health knowledge
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-08-17)Boares čállosat juoigama ja sámi kultuvrra birra govvidedje juoigama oassin buot eallima beliin sápmelaččas, leaš dál beaivválaš eallima doaimmain dahje vuoiŋŋalaš ja erenoamáš meanuin ja daguin. Juoigan govviduvvui dárbbašlažžan dearvvašvuhtii, čálgui ja lihkkui. Oanehaččat dadjon oažžot lohkat ahte luohti govviduvvui leame eallindárbun. Odne celket máŋga juoigi ahte luođis lea seamma mearkkašumi ... -
Identification and prevalence of adventitious lung sounds in a general adult population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-04-01)The main goal of this work was to describe the prevalence of adventitious lung sounds (wheezes and crackles) in a general population. We obtained lung sound recordings from 4033 participants in the 7th survey of the Tromsø. We observed a crude prevalence of adventitious lung sounds in 28% of the participants; 18 % had wheezes, 13% had crackles. Age, female sex, self-reported asthma, and current ... -
The identification of cell type defining genes across human tissues and the functional study of the endothelial adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L4
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-06-30)Cell type specific gene expression profiles underlie differences in cell morphology, behaviour, and specialized function. Single cell RNA sequencing can be used to measure gene expression in individual cells, but challenges remain including limited read-depth, artefactual changes due to dissociation from tissue, difficulties in the analysis of fragile or morphologically complex cell types, and bias ... -
Identification of novel roles and new modes of regulation for the atypical MAP kinases ERK3 and ERK4
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-11-13)The atypical MAP kinases ERK3 and ERK4 are the main characters in this study. ERK3 and ERK4 were for long considered as orphan proteins without known upstream activators. However, in 2011 two studies had detected that group I p-21 protein activated kinase (PAKs) can constitutively phosphorylate ERK3 and ERK4 in their activation loop. The only well-characterized substrate for ERK3 and ERK4 at that ... -
Identification, molecular epidemiology, and antibiotic resistance characterization of Acinetobacter spp. clinical isolates
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-09-02) -
Identifying and measuring patient harms. A study of measuring adverse events in hospitalised patients by the Global Trigger Tool record review method
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-24)Patient harms, or adverse events which is the term used in this PhD thesis, is a global health problem. The Global Trigger Tool (GTT) is a widely used method to identify and measure adverse events (AEs). The method involves reviewers searching for triggers (situations) in randomly selected medical records and subsequently identifying AEs. However, the method is criticized due to the time used by ... -
Identifying and treating predictors of psychotic symptoms - How findings from Experience Sampling research can help to improve the treatment of psychosis and the prediction of relapse
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-06-10)The present thesis aims at using insights from ESM studies (i.e., frequent ecologically valid self-reports for approximately one week) to improve the treatment and the prediction psychotic symptoms. ESM indicates that warning signs, such as negative affect, worrying, sleep problems, or aberrant salience precede rapidly fluctuating psychotic symptoms throughout the day. Assuming underlying causal ... -
Imaging in plastic surgery. A clinical and experimental study with notes on the history of medical imaging.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-04-29)This thesis is based on four papers that have imaging techniques used in breast reconstruction as the common denominator. Each paper describes the results of a study. The purpose of the first three studies was to evaluate the use of dynamic infrared thermography (DIRT) as an imaging technique for perforator mapping in breast reconstruction with a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. The ... -
Immune Infiltration and Clinical Outcome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-03-12)Lung cancer is the cancer responsible for the most deaths worldwide. Treatment is multimodal and based on information specific to the tumor (histology, stage, biology and genetics aberrations) and patient-related factors. During the last decade, the arrival of novel targeted therapies and immunotherapy, has led to a paradigm shift in the management of lung cancer. In this regard, assessment of tumor ... -
The immune microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma – characterization and prognostic markers
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-09-27)Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSSCs) are aggressive tumors often associated with a low survival rate. The immune system influences the development of OSCCs, and the immune infiltrate surrounding the cancer cells is an indicator of the host’s anti-tumor response. The main aim of this thesis was to describe how the tumor microenvironment in OSCC is organized, and to determine whether different subsets ... -
Immune properties of cry1Ab transgenic maize studied in mouse models of airway and food allergy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-03-19)The genetically modified maize event MON810 has been inserted with a processed version of the transgene, cry1ab, derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to express proteins with insecticidal properties. The introduced toxin may confer risks of immunogenicity, allergenicity and/or adjuvanticity to humans as well as domestic and wild animals, via inhalation of pollen and plant ... -
Immunological biomarkers in prostate cancer - A retrospective cohort study utilizing immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays for evaluation of immune biomarker expression and experimental in vitro assays
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-06-11)<p><i>Background:</i> Prostate cancer is a very common, but particularly heterogenic cancer form. Whilst some patients have a very aggressive course with a fatal outcome, the majority of patients have slow-growing disease with low risk of death or significant symptoms. Unfortunately, doctors do not possess sufficient prognostic tools, and there is a high risk of overtreatment with unnecessary ... -
Immunological markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-02-17)Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and novel prognostic factors supplementing the TNM classification are needed. The type, density and location of immune cell subsets in the tumor microenvironment (“Immunoscore”) may influence patient outcome in cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tumor infiltrating cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells, the major anticancer ... -
Impact of chromatin in lupus nephritis and lupus dermatitis – mechanisms of induction and progression of disease
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-06-17)Mekanismene bak sykdommen lupus er bare delvis kjent. Viktige faktorer er utvikling av autoimmunitet i form av antistoffer mot egne cellulære strukturer, defekter i programmert celledød (apoptose), samt genetisk predisposisjon kombinert med påvirkning fra ytre stimuli. Vår forskningsgruppe har vist at fragmenter av DNA frigjøres og avleires i nyrenøstene samtidig som at DNaseI-genet er nedregulert ... -
Impact of Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease (COPD), respiratory symptoms and oxygen saturation on the risk of incident venous thromboembolism (VTE) and VTE-related mortality in a general population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-01)<p>Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a collective term for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is described as a moderate risk factor for VTE, but the association has so far been scarcely examined. The aims of this thesis were to I) investigate the impact of COPD on the risk of incident VTE and the risk of mortality in COPD-patients with ... -
The impact of socioeconomic status on the risk and prognosis of venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-04)Venøs tromboembolisme (VTE), bestående av dyp venetrombose (DVT) og lungeemboli (PE), er en utbredt og multifaktoriell sykdom med langtidskomplikasjoner som negativt påvirker fysisk funksjon og livskvalitet. Sosioøkonomisk status (SES) er kjent for å påvirke både risiko og prognose for helsemessige og helserelaterte utfall. Selv om assosiasjoner mellom VTE og fysisk helse er godt dokumentert, finnes ... -
Implementing interventions in adult mental health services to identify and support children of mentally ill parents.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-03-28)This dissertation is a result of a large-scale longitudinal project (the BAP-study) where the overall aim was to monitor and evaluate the implementation of clinical change to identify and support children of mentally ill parents within the participating clinic. The design includes a pre-test, post-test and one-year follow-up. The first stage of the study involved assessment of the status quo in the ... -
Improving the spirit – increasing the chances of survival : results of multiprofessional training of medical teams in Iraq and Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2008-05-30)This work is a synthesis of experiences gained during ten years of helping healthcare providers improve their service to victims of injury and acute disease. This work is based on my participation in two programs: The Trauma Care Foundation’s Mine Injury Management Program in Kurdistan, northern Iraq, and the BEST Foundation: Better & Systematic Trauma Care’s trauma team training program in Norwegian ... -
In Home we trust. An ethnographic study of mental health and the use of traditional medicine in a North Norwegian community
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-24)Traditional healing practices used when faced with illness or crisis, exist in many North Norwegian communities. Northern Troms has a historical multi-ethnicity of Sami, Kven and Norwegian. The notion of culture appears ambivalent and ambiguous, particularly concerning the Sami identity, but cultural diversity is nevertheless manifested through the use of traditional healing practices such as reading. ... -
In vitro permeation models for healthy and compromised skin: The Phospholipid Vesicle-based Permeation Assay (PVPA) for skin applications
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-03-20)In vitro models with the ability to estimate drug penetration through healthy and compromised skin may reduce animal testing of drugs and cosmetics to a minimum. The phospholipid vesicle based permeation assay (PVPA) is based on a tight barrier composed of liposomes mimicking cells. It was originally made to mimic the intestinal epithelial barrier and in this project further developed to mimic the ...