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norskBlar i tittel Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak)
Viser treff 86-105 av 697
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C-reactive protein and other circulating biomarkers in carotid atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The Tromsø Study 1994-2013
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-07)Hjerte- og karsykdom er ledende årsak til død og sykelighet på verdensbasis. I Norge er det årlig ca. 13 000 hjerteinfarkt og 12 000 hjerneslag. Til tross for at den forebyggende og akuttmedisinske behandlingen er betydelig forbedret i løpet av de siste 30 år, forventes en fortsatt økning i hjerte- og karsykdommer på verdensbasis. De tradisjonelle risikofaktorene (alder, kjønn, blodtrykk, kolesterol, ... -
Calanus oil and its lipid constituents - Impact on obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders in rodents
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-02-26)Fedme er et økende helseproblem, og spesielt er avleiring av bukfett forbundet med økt risiko for en rekke sykdommer. Kosttilskudd med omega-3 fettsyrer har vist positive effekter på fedme-relaterte sykdommer. Calanusolje er et relativt nytt produkt som produseres fra raudåte (Calanus finmarchicus) som finnes i store mengder i norske farvann. Oljen har lavt innhold av miljøgifter og er rik på ... -
Can vitamin D3 supplementation prevent bone loss in persons with MS?
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-12-13)In persons with Multiple sclerosis (MS) low bone mineral density (BMD) is more prevalent when compared with healthy controls and MS may be a possible cause of secondary osteoporosis. BMD is primarily determined by genetic and hormonal factors, body mass index, physical activity and intake of calcium and vitamin D. Vitamin D level at 50 nmol/L or higher is classified as sufficient, however, optimal ... -
Cancer and venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-10-02)Venøs tromboembolisme (VTE) er et samlebegrep for lungeemboli og dyp venetrombose. VTE rammer ofte kreftpasienter og representerer en ledende dødsårsak i denne pasient gruppen. Dette understreker viktigheten av å kartlegge risikofaktorer for kreft-relatert VTE for å muliggjøre forebyggende behandling hos pasienter med høy risiko. En VTE hendelse kan også være det første symptomet på en bakenforliggende ... -
Cancer associated fibroblasts and their regulatory functions in the context of radiotherapy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-08-25)<p>Tumours are highly complex tissues comprised of both malignant tumour cells and non-malignant healthy cells. Cells and tissues surrounding solid tumours make out the stroma, which provide physical support to the growing tumour structures, in addition to provide nutrients and facilitate waste removal. In the last four decades, it has become increasingly evident that stromal cells play important ... -
Cancer drugs as drivers of antibiotic resistance
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-09-15)Antibiotics are the cornerstone for modern medicine, and their introduction into clinical use has made common medical procedures such as surgeries and cancer chemotherapy possible. The consequences of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), if it continues to rise on a global scale at its current speed, are expected to be staggering. It is well-known that antibiotics drive the evolution and spread of AMR, ... -
Cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-06-17)Background: Radiotherapy causes oral mucositis (OM) that is painful and disrupts eating, talking, social activities and general health. OM may even interrupt cancer therapy. Any intervention that can reduce OM will lead to improvement in treatment and quality of life for patients. It is essential to have a suitable tool to measure potentially effective and new treatments against OM. Objective: To ... -
Cancer-related venous thromboembolism: epidemiology and risk factors
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-11-28)The association between cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE) was described already in the 19th century and cancer has later been acknowledged as one of the most important risk factors for VTE. Population-based studies on the subject with information about confounders and validated endpoints are lacking. The first aim of this thesis was to estimate the frequency of VTE among cancer patients in a ... -
Cardiac remodelling in obesity- and angiotensin II-mediated heart failure: Morphological, functional and metabolic alterations
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-21)Heart failure is associated with altered myocardial substrate utilization and reduced cardiac efficiency - changes that are hallmarks in heart failure independent of disease aetiology. This thesis describes remodelling in two distinct models of heart failure, namely obesity-mediated cardiomyopathy and early failure induced using a low dose angiotensin II (AngII). The reported cardiac phenotype in ... -
Cardiometabolic adaptations to altered fuel supply, Ca2+ handling and exercise
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-05-06)The thesis consists of experimental studies elucidating the mechanisms that contribute to changes in cardiac efficiency by i) the increase in fatty acid supply to the heart (chronic and acute), ii) changes in cardiac calcium handling and iii) physical exercise. By measuring the heart's oxygen consumption for both mechanical and non-mechanical processes, we have shown for the first time, that oxygen-cost ... -
Cardioprotection : focus on Gap Junctions, Hemichannels and Mitochondria
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-05-04)I studiene har vi undersøkt hjerteceller og isolerte hjerter under forhold som ligner på hjerteinfarkt. Denne kunnskapen brukte vi videre til å redusere hjerteinfarkt på rottehjerter. Vi har sett på effekten av hjerteinfarkt på mitokondrier og spesielle kanaler i hjertet som heter gap junctions og halvkanaler. Vi har vist at ved å holde spesielle halvkanaler lukket noen få minutter etter ett ... -
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Rewarming from Accidental Hypothermia
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-03-11)This thesis springs from 3 different papers: Paper 1 A randomised controlled study in rats to investigate whether an infusion of crystalloids or colloids during rewarming from hypothermia could alleviate the alterations in cardiovascular function seen in untreated control animals. Paper 2 A randomised controlled study in pigs, examining normothermic vs hypothermic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). ... -
Cardiovascular adaptation in pregnancy - Effects of angiotensin II, transverse aorta constriction and high-intensity interval training on pregnant rats
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-09-18)Objectives: To investigate how cardiac function, remodeling and gene expression are affected in pregnancy in response to cardiovascular stress, to detect possible adverse effects on the fetus, and to evaluate if coronary endothelial function is influenced by pregnancy and increased cardiac afterload. Methods: Pregnant and non-pregnant rats were subjected to chronic AngII-infusion, transverse aortic ... -
Cardiovascular disease: risk assessment, total risk, and primary prevention in the general population. Insights from the Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-02-20)Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, calling for an active preventive approach. Elevated blood pressure and cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, unhealthy diet, inactivity, and obesity are key risk factors for CVD development. Several risk factors combined may put an individual at a high total CVD risk. To measure total CVD risk, we used the NORRISK 2 score that ... -
Cardiovascular risk factors and incidence of acute myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke in Sami and non-Sami populations — The SAMINOR Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-02-08)The overall aim of this thesis was to examine and compare cardiovascular risk factors, time-trends in these risk factors, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease in Sami and non-Sami populations living in the same rural geographical area. We used information from the SAMINOR Study, which is a Population-based Study on Health and Living Conditions in Regions with Sami and Norwegian Populations. ... -
Cardiovascular risk factors and pulmonary function in long-term survivors of testicular cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2009-04-24)Testikkelkreft er den vanligste kreftformen blant unge menn, og >95 % blir i dag helbredet av sykdommen. Dermed er kunnskap om mulige seneffekter etter behandlingen viktig. <br>Avhandlingen ”Cardiovascular risk factors and pulmonary function in long-term survivors of testicular cancer” ble forsvart for graden ph.d 24. april 2009. Takket være effektiv cytostatikabehandling som ble tatt i bruk på ... -
Cardiovascular risk factors and risk of venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2010-01-28)Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a common disease, with serious short- and long-term complications and a potential fatal outcome. Despite the knowledge of several inherited and acquired risk factors for VTE, still 30-50 % of the VTE events occur in the absence of obvious predisposing factors. Traditionally, arterial and venous thrombosis has ... -
Cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerosis and venous thromboembolism - The Tromsø study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-12-22)Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and potentially fatal disease, often occuring in the absence of obvious predisposing factors. Recent observational studies in selected populations have suggested a closer association between arterial thrombosis (myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke) and VTE, two disease entities considered separate in terms of pathophysiology, epidemiology and treatments. ... -
Caregivers to patients with severe traumatic brain injury. A national prospective study on caregiver burden, life satisfaction and health care experiences.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-02-24)Background: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health challenge as it often has huge consequences for the patient and the family for a long time after the injury. Objective: Assess caregiver burden and predictors of burden 1year post injury, investigate change and stability of caregiver burden and life satisfaction over time. Develop a validated tool to assess family member’s ... -
Carotid atherosclerosis, vascular risk factors and relation to cognitive test results : the Tromsø study 1994-2008.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-19)The prevalence of dementia and cognitive impairment is rising worldwide as the number of elderly people increases in most countries. Vascular risk factors and carotid artery atherosclerosis have in some epidemiological studies been associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. The carotid artery is essential for blood supply to the brain, but is also vulnerable to atherosclerosis. The ...
