Blar i tittel Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak)
Viser treff 152-171 av 701
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COPD in the elderly : diagnostic criteria, symptoms and smoking. Quantitative and qualitative studies of persons over sixty years of age in The Tromsø studies.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-11-09)SUMMARY Smokers benefit from the enjoyment and fellowship smoking brings in the short term, yet may cause diseases and disability later in life. This thesis is about COPD, the spirometry criteria for diagnosis, the predictive value of respiratory symptoms, and smoking and its cessation. Paper 1 and 2 are quantitative, epidemiological studies, which were based on a cross sectional population ... -
Coronary heart disease and cardiac rehabilitation. Participation rate, predictors and effects on symptoms of anxiety and depression, and employment status of patients following percutaneous coronary intervention - A nationwide prospective cohort study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-04-03)The aims of this thesis were to study CR participation rate, clinically relevant anxiety and depression and employment status of patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and the long-term effect of participation in a CR programme on patients’ symptoms of anxiety and depression and their employment status. Using a prospective observational design, we included data from the Norwegian ... -
Cortical bone and fracture risk: The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-03-20)Background: The aim of this thesis was to explore the association of the cortical architecture of the proximal femoral shaft with non-vertebral fractures. We tested the hypotheses that: (i) cortical parameters are associated with fracture risk independent of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) or Garvan estimates, (ii) women with fractures that are unidentified by FRAX but identified by cortical ... -
Cortical porosity, medullary adiposity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, serum vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and nonvertebral fractures
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-03-28)Despite advances in therapies, assessment of fracture risk, and diagnosis of bone fragility, few women and men with high fracture risk receive treatment, even after they develop fracture. To be able to recognize and identify subjects who are at risk for fragility fracture, and to target treatment well, it is important to search for risk factors that are associated with, or ideally, predict fracture. ... -
Cultivating helper qualities: Immediate and long-term impacts of mindfulness training for medical and psychology students A prospective randomized controlled study and qualitative exploration
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-11-11)This thesis explored the immediate and long-term impact of participating in a 7-week mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention on medical and psychology students. A significant proportion of healthcare professionals experience distress and stress-related burnout, which have been linked to patient dissatisfaction, worse patient outcomes, and increased rates of medical error. Distress, ... -
Cultural adaption of mental health services to the Sami. A qualitative study on the incorporation of Sami language and culture into mental health services
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-18)<p>The Sami people in Norway have a statutory right to receive equitable health services, adapted in accordance with Sami language and culture. However, limited research is available regarding the impact and of Sami culture and language within mental health services. <p><i>Aim - </i>The overall aim of the study was to explore, identify and describe the significance of culture and language in mental ... -
Cytomegalovirus infection and dexamethasone effects in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-03-15)The liver is a major organ in the body's defense against blood-borne pathogens. It acts as a filter for the blood and is a central site for immune responses, and a central hub for various metabolic processes. Within the liver, an extensive network of small blood vessels, the hepatic sinusoids, are key sites for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood circulation and the liver ... -
D-dimer for diagnosis and risk assessment of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-06-15)Venøs tromboembolisme (VTE) er en samlebetegnelse på dyp venetrombose (DVT) og lungeemboli. D-dimer, en blodprøve for koagulasjon og fibrinolyse, har vært en sentral del av VTE-diagnostikken i flere tiår. Blodprøven D-dimer har flere bruksområder og kan dermed reflektere ulike aspekter ved VTE. I denne avhandlingen har vi undersøkt i) om det er trygt og effektivt å bruke D-dimer uten samtidig bruk ... -
Death after trauma in the rural High North
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-09-18)The work of this thesis was initiated because Finnmark County had a mortality rate from external causes well above national average for several decades. The aims of the thesis were to 1) investigate possible reasons for Finnmark’s’ elevated death rate from external causes, 2) identify challenges that a trauma system in Scandinavia must be tailored to meet, and 3) find access points to limit ... -
Deciphering human cell type enriched transcriptomes across tissue types and the functional study of the endothelial enriched protein KANK3
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-11-13)The identification of cell type-specific genes and their modification under certain conditions is essential for our understanding of the human body. Such knowledge also allows us to study the function of uncharacterised genes in the correct cell type. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) can be used to profile different cell types, but cell removal and processing can introduce artifacts. In the ... -
Decision-making in Norwegian child welfare services- The impact of case characteristics on decision-making from referral to concluded investigation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-01-18)The thesis explores how case characteristics impact decision-making in the Norwegian child welfare service. The following decisions were studied: i) the initial screening decision, ii) the extent of an investigation, and iii) the dismissal of cases when the family refuse interventions. Previous research has identified differences in case trajectory between agencies. The impact of case characteristics ... -
Decline in resting heart rate, its association with other variables, and its role in cardiovascular disease The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-02-10)Background: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an easily measured cardiovascular parameter that is considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in the general population. However, results on the association between RHR and these outcomes are inconsistent, and studies on longitudinal trends in RHR and the role of long-term changes in RHR in CVD and mortality are scarce. ... -
The "deep caries" challenge. Prevalence and management of deep carious lesions in Northern Norway.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-10-22)The overall aim of this doctoral thesis was to increase the understanding and knowledge of the prevalence and management of deep carious lesions. The prevalence of dental caries in Norway was among the highest in the world in the middle of 20th century. Though it has significantly declined, there are indications that the prevalence of caries in Northern Norway is higher than in the rest of the ... -
Dementia Disease Initiation: Demographically adjusted norms based on Scandinavian samples and comparison with published norms from North America
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-12-14)<p><i>Background:</i> Norms are necessary for interpreting neuropsychological test scores. In Norway and Sweden, there is a lack of local norms on neuropsychological tests. Consequently, Scandinavians are frequently norm-referenced to participants from North America tested decades prior. However, factors such as time of assessment, language, population differences in average performance on cognitive ... -
Dementia Disease Initiation: Identifying subjective cognitive decline (SCD) due to Alzheimer’s disease
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-20)Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may develop 10-15 years before onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Early intervention may serve to halt or delay disease progression. Thus, there is a need to investigate early cognitive and biological markers to detect and track disease progression. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an established risk-factor for AD. However, SCD is a common phenomenon ... -
Dental anxiety in adolescents and adults. Epidemiological studies based on the Tromsø Study 7 and Fit Futures 1 & 2
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-10-01)<p><i>Background:</i> High dental anxiety can hinder individuals from seeking necessary dental treatment and thereby an obstacle in ensuring equal access to health care in the population. The overall aim of this thesis was to advance the understanding of dental anxiety in adolescents and adults, with a focus on the relevance of mental health symptoms, oral health and potentially traumatic events. ... -
Dental composites - The effects of matrix composition, suboptimal light curing and water exposure
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-03-30)In Scandinavian countries, resin-based composite materials have been used in restorative dentistry for over 30 years, replacing dental amalgams. Composite materials based on dimethacrylates provide better aesthetics and treatment options. However, according to in-vitro findings, dental composites can be affected by water, potentially reducing the longevity of dental restorations. The proper ... -
Dental health and need for non-operative treatment among 16-year-olds in Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-02-16)Epidemiological data have disclosed a considerable reduction in caries prevalence among children and adolescents in Western countries including Norway for over 40 years. Concomitantly, enamel caries has received increased focus in order to give a better picture of the complete need for dental treatment, non-operative as well as operative. More recently, dental erosive wear seems to be a growing ... -
Designing national electronic services in the public healthcare sector.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-12-12)This thesis deals with a socio-technical approach towards the development of inter-organisational ICT tools in healthcare. My overall case is Norwegian healthcare, and I investigated how national inter-organisational ICT tools were developed and why good results were difficult to achieve. Three public projects make up the basis of my data collection in which the main categories of data are interviews, ... -
Determinants of Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Infection. “Exploring the Role of Cell Wall Anchored Proteins in Adhesion and Immune Evasion”
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-09)Staphylococcus aureus is an efficient human colonizer and pathogen. S.aureus' ability to colonize and/or cause infections in humans is due to its expression of many virulence factors. These virulence factors aid the bacterium in adhering, invading and evading the host´s immune defences. This study focused on exploring the role of two cell wall anchored proteins: Serine-aspartate containing protein ...