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Browsing Artikler, rapporter og annet (Norges fiskerihøgskole) by Issue Date
Now showing items 1-20 of 51
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Johnsen, Jahn Petter (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2002)[+][-]
Description: Gjengitt med tillatelse fra utgiver Tapir. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2481 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (4.602Mb) -
Lauritzsen, Kristin; Olsen, Ragnar L. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 02-Dec-2003)[+][-]
Abstract: A model system for studying lipid oxidation of salted cod muscle was used for investigating the interaction effects of including antioxidants and copper in the brine. The results showed that ascorbate might have pro-oxidative or anti-oxidative effects depending on the ascorbate and metal concentrations. Without added copper in the brine, concentrations of ascorbate ≤500 ppm had a pro-oxidative effect. With 5 ppm copper added in the brine, low concentrations of ascorbate (≤50 ppm) inhibited the formation of TBARS in the cured product. At slightly higher concentrations (100-200 ppm), the anti-oxidative properties were lost. Above 200 ppm the ascorbate reduced the oxidation level in the salt ripened product. The application of ascorbate as an antioxidant in salt curing of cod, requires the use of high concentrations (≥1000 ppm) in the brine. When similar concentrations (0.5 mM) of EDTA, citrate or ascorbate were included with 3 ppm copper in the brine, EDTA was the only antioxidant that efficiently inhibited copper-induced lipid oxidation. Description: This is the final draft post refereeing version of the article. © Wiley, reprinted with permission. Published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.2004.tb00264.x
The article is part of Kristin Lauritzsen's doctoral thesis, which is available in Munin at http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1819URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2906 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (442.1Kb) -
Johnsen, Jahn Petter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2004)[+][-]
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Olsen, Ragnar L.; Lauritzsen, Kristin; Akse, Leif; Gundersen, Bjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 08-Jan-2004)[+][-]
Abstract: The quality of heavily salted cod was investigated as influenced by adjusted levels of calcium, magnesium and pH in the salt. The investigation was carried out as a multivariate study consisting of two separate 23 full factorial designs. The chemical composition, waterholding capacity, weight and protein yields, colour and firmness were used as quality indicators or responses to the salt mixtures tested. The pH of the salt was positively correlated with the muscle pH of the cured fillet. The pH of the muscle correlated negatively with the relative protein content, the lightness values and the sensory firmness of the cured muscle. The protein yield after the salt curing was also negatively correlated with the muscle pH. Calcium ions increased both the lightness and firmness and magnesium ions increased the lightness of the cured fillet. Description: This is the final draft post refereeing version of the article. © Wiley, reprinted with permission. Published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1697
The article is part of Kristin Lauritzsen's doctoral thesis, which is available in Munin at http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1819URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2905 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (667.7Kb) -
Lauritzsen, Kristin; Olsen, Ragnar L.; Akse, Leif; Johansen, Arvid; Joensen, Sjurður; Sørensen, Nils Kristian (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 04-Mar-2004)[+][-]
Abstract: The effects of the rigor state and freezing of cod prior to salting on the mass transfer during production and the quality of heavily cured cod have been investigated. Pre-rigor salting lead to a larger reduction in weight, a higher water loss and a lower uptake of NaCl than in fish salted post-rigor and in fish salted after frozen storage. The cause of this is believed to be the simultaneous influx of NaCl and rigor contractions in the fish muscle. In order to reduce the loss of proteins from the raw material and to increase the instrumental lightness values (L*) of the salt ripened product, the fish should be salted in pre-rigor state. However, if the primary focus is on the weight yield, the fish should be salted post-rigor after chilling or freezing pre- or post-rigor. Freezing and thawing of cod prior to salting post-rigor increased the firmness of the salt cured product compared to chilled fish salted post-rigor. Description: This is the final draft post refereeing version of the article. © Elsevier. Reprinted with permission. Published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2004.03.001
The article is part of Kristin Lauritzsen's doctoral thesis, which is available in Munin at http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1819URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2904 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (544.1Kb) -
Johnsen, Jahn Petter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2005)[+][-]
Abstract: Controlling the expansion of capture capacity has been a major challenge for the fisheries management systems around the North Atlantic. Despite focused attempts to reduce this capacity in recent years in different jurisdictions, it has continued to expand. This chapter uses a case study of changes in Norwegian fisheries to help explain why this has happened. The article supports the replacement of the rational actor approach that is currently hegemonic within fisheries management by a relational approach to the analysis of capture capacity expansion. A relational approach offers new insights into the ways political, economic, and technological forces continue to fuel capacity expansion within fishing. By use of this approach the article describes how the harvest machinery comes into existence. Keywords: Fishery policy; Capture capacity expansion; Management models; Cod fisheries; Harvest machinery URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3807 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (187.8Kb) -
Sperstad, Sigmund; Bakke-Mckellep, AM; Penn, MH; Salas, PM; Refstie, Ståle; Landsverk, Tor; Ringø, Einar; Krogdahl, Åshild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2007)[+][-]
Abstract: Soyabean meal (SBM)-induced enteritis in the distal intestine of the teleost Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and other salmonids may be considered a model for diet-related mucosal disorders in other animals and man. The role of the intestinal microbiota in its pathogenesis was explored. Compared to diets containing fishmeal (FM) as the sole protein source, responses to extracted SBM or the prebiotic inulin, with or without oxytetracycline (OTC) inclusion, were studied following a 3-week feeding trial. Intestinal microbiota, organosomatic indices and histology, as well as immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and caspase-3-positive cells in the distal intestine, were studied. Distal intestine somatic indices (DISI) were higher in inulin and lower in SBM compared to FM-fed fish. The low DISI caused by SBM corresponded with histological changes, neither of which was affected by OTC, despite a significant decrease in adherent bacteria count. Image analysis of PCNA-stained sections showed a significant increase in the proliferative compartment length in SBM-fed fish, accompanied by apparent increases in reactivity to HSP70 and caspase-3 along the mucosal folds, indicating induction of cellular repair and apoptosis, respectively. Fish fed the SBM diet had higher total number as well as a more diverse population composition of adherent bacteria in the distal intestine. Thus SBM-induced enteritis is accompanied by induction of distal intestinal epithelial cell protective responses and changes in microbiota. Putative involvement of bacteria in the inflammatory response merits further investigation. Description: This is the publishers version/PDF (institutional repository or PubMed Central can publish publishers version after 12 month embargo) URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2103 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (2.478Mb) -
Eide, Arne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2007)[+][-]
Abstract: Regional analyses of possible physical and biological effects of global warming in the Barents Sea area have been carried out recently. Based on such studies possible economic impacts of global warming on the Barents Sea fisheries have been quantified, assuming different types of management regimes. The EconSimp2000 model, consisting of the ecosystem model AggMult and the fleet model EconMult have been parameterized based on fleet and catch records from the Norwegian Barents Sea fisheries. The model has been used to study biological and economic impacts of different environmental scenarios representing possible consequences of global warming. The current environmental situation, including normal seasonal and other variations, has been used as a reference scenario. Several biological and economic indicators have been defined in order to evaluate the simulation results of different environmental scenarios and different types of management regimes. The findings support earlier studies where biological and economic impacts of changes in management regime is found to be more pronounced than impacts caused by effects of global warming. Description: This article is part of Arne Eide's doctoral thesis, which is available in Munin at http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2399 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2901 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (678.0Kb) -
Didyk, Vladimir; Arbo, Peter; Nilssen, Inge Berg; Hersoug, Bjørn; Sand, Jan Yngve; Nygaard, Vigdis; Riabova, Larissa; Østbye, Stein (Research report; Forskningsrapport, Oct-2007)[+][-]
Abstract: The theme of this report is the regional socio-economic consequences of an extensive oil and gas development in the Barents Sea. The regional focus area includes Finnmark County and Murmansk Oblast. The introductory chapter explains the purpose of the study and the way the work has been done. The next two chapters provide a detailed account of the region and its basic characteristics. The general finding is that the region strongly needs a new stimulus to growth, but that it is badly prepared for receiving a coming oil and gas boom. The following chapter gives a brief overview of the oil and gas sectors in Norway and Russia and introduces the baseline scenario, which indicates the expected scale and scope of future petroleum activity in the Barents Sea. After this three scenarios are presented. They all have 2030 as their time horizon. The first scenario depicts the frontier - the Arctic vanguard – which is a flourishing region by 2030. The second scenario tells the story of the Arctic outsider; a region becoming more and more marginalized. The third scenario foresees a shifting balance, where oil and gas development mainly takes place on the Russian side of the border, leaving the whole region in the shadow of the new energy superpower. The final chapter sums up the key challenges of the region, discusses the scenarios, and highlights the basic preconditions for an extensive oil and gas development to benefit the region. Description: This report represents the views of the authors only and does not necessarily reflect the position of StatoilHydro ASA URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1242 File(s) in this item: 1
report.pdf (2.100Mb) -
Johnsen, Jahn Petter; Nordstrand, Kristin Berg (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Fisketurismen – nye aktører i kystsamfunn? Hvert år deltar flere tusen fiskere i vårtorskefisket utenfor Lofoten og Vesterålen. Når skreien kommer inn til kysten i januar/februar for å gyte, starter det årlige eventyret som kalles Lofotfisket. Fiskerne tar i løpet av noen måneder opp rundt 40 000 tonn fisk. Men det er ikke bare yrkesfiskerne som strømmer til området under sesongen. Også turistene har for lengst fått øynene opp for eventyret, og reiselivsnæringa har travle dager i denne perioden. Ei ny næring kalt fisketurisme1 har hatt en sterk vekst langs norskekysten i de siste 10–15 år. I 2006 ble det anslått at det var mer enn 1000 bedrifter som tilbydde fiske til turister, og 70 prosent av disse bedriftene er etablert i perioden 1990–2000 (Borch, 2006). Reiselivsnæringas egne beregninger hevder at verdien av den i hovedsak utenlandske fisketurismen i sjøen i Norge i dag langt overstiger verdien av Lofotfisket, og ga mer enn 3 mrd. kroner i total omsetning i 2005 (Nordlys, 27. juli 2005). Description: Gjengitt med forlagets tillatelse. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1849 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (526.2Kb) -
Johnsen, Jahn Petter (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Norsk fiskerinæring har gjennomgått betydelige teknologiske og organisatoriske endringer. Blant annet har de tidligere frie fiskeriene blitt lukket, og en rekke styrings- og reguleringssystemer er innført. Fra å være basert på uformell organisering og implisitt styring, fikk vi gjennom 1980- og 90-åra ei fiskerinæring som var gjenstand for eksplisitt styring. Etter tusenårsskiftet ser vi konturene av ei kybernetisk organisert fiskerinæring, der styring og regulering på nytt bygges inn i næringa. Denne utviklinga aktualiserer spørsmålet om hvordan vi skal forvalte og regulere nye fiskerier, for eksempel etter raudåte (Calanus finmarchicus). Her vil det fra starten av kunne være hensiktsmessig å organisere ei raudåtenæring med styrings- og reguleringsmekanismer som gjør at næringa sjøl kan ta ansvaret for regulering, kontroll og overvåkning av egen aktivitet. Denne artikkelen beskriver og drøfter effektene av kybernetiseringa av fiskerinæringa og gir et nytt perspektiv på hvordan styring av fiskerinæringa skjer. Description: Gjengitt med forlagets tillatelse. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1848 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (234.0Kb) -
Tadesse, Margey; Gulliksen, Bjørn; Strøm, Morten B.; Styrvold, Olaf B.; Haug, Tor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 18-Jun-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Benthic marine invertebrates collected from sub-Arctic regions of northern Norway, were found to be a promising source of novel bioactive compounds against human and fish pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Lyophilized material from seven species of ascidians, six sponges and one soft alcyonid coral were extracted with 60% acidified acetonitrile (ACN). After separation into an ACN-rich phase (ACN extract) and an aqueous phase, and subsequent solid phase extraction of the aqueous phase, fractions differing in polarity were obtained and screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities, along with the more lipophilic ACN-extracts. Antimicrobial activity was determined against two Gram-negative, two Gram-positive bacteria, and two strains of fungi. Notably, all the invertebrate species in the study showed activity against all four strains of bacteria and the two strains of fungi. In general, the aqueous fractions displayed highest antimicrobial activity, and the most potent extracts were obtained from the colonial ascidian Synoicum pulmonaria which displayed activity against bacteria and fungi at a concentration of 0.02 mg/ml; the lowest concentration tested. Description: This is the accepted manuscript version of the article. Reprinted with permission. Published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2008.06.009
The published version of this article is part of Margey Tasesse's doctoral thesis, which is available at http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2702URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2728 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (2.520Mb) -
Ringø, Einar; Hemre, Gro-Ingun; Amlund, Heidi; Aursand, Marit; Bakke-McKellep, Anne Marie; Olsen, Rolf Erik; Svihus, Birger (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2009)[+][-]
Abstract: A thorough review of different aspects on the health implications of using vegetable feed ingredients, both protein and lipid alternatives to fishmeal and fish oil, plus possible additions of immunostimulants, also including a short chapter on undesirable components, the use of genetically modified plants, and how processing may affect feed quality and availability, are given in the different chapters of the present risk assessment. Discussed in particular are Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss), Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Deemed necessary, since literature on these species is scarce, some theoretical background in the assessment chapter (Chapter 4) includes studies on other species when relevant for the present terms of reference, and to better be able to conclude on possible health implications due to changes in diet ingredients. The answers to the present Terms of Reference are given in Chapter 5 (Risk characterization and conclusions). Chapter 6 presents future challenges that need focus in research to be able to have healthy farming of fish even when volumes increase. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2466 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (4.592Mb) -
Johnsen, Jahn Petter; Sinclair, Peter; Bavington, Dean; Holm, Petter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Although natural resource exploitation has a long tradition, modern resource management is a more recent phenomenon. The huge variety in natural resource exploitation has made it difficult to place the industrial harvesting of marine living resources under political and managerial control. For most of history fish and fishing people have for all practical purposes been unmanageable. From the late 1960s, when it became apparent that important fisheries resources were about to be overexploited by industrial technologies, the process to transform fish, fishing people and fishing technologies to make them manageable has intensified. The management process contributes to an organizational change in the fisheries in which cybernetic forms of organization create complex and heterogeneous networks linking together nature, society, technology, science, markets, and policy in new ways. With Actor-Network Theory (ant) and the history of industrial commercial fisheries in Norway, Canada and worldwide as points of departure, this article outlines a theoretical framework for the study of how natural and social entities are transformed and linked together to become modern fisheries resource management. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2459 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (1.088Mb) -
Johnsen, Jahn Petter; Murray, Grant Daniel; Neis, Barbara (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)[+][-]
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Johnsen, Jahn Petter; Sinclair, Peter R.; Ripley, Paul (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)[+][-]
Abstract: This paper discusses power relations in the production of knowledge claims and the validation of management strategies. The experience of doing stock assessment science and creating management plans for Canada’s east coast cod fishery illustrates this general process. We demonstrate that the cyborgization of fisheries-management is limited by its inability to produce power for stabilizing the relations between managers, fishers, technology and fish. Lack of stability forces scientists and managers either to ignore a threat or to intervene by changing their strategy. Consensus is unlikely. Scientists and managers must reconsider reasons for action or lack of it, thus producing a new rationality. Managers attempt to control that reconstruction process in the interests of resolving shortterm challenges. Some scientists resist change and protect their earlier positions against new evidence or re-interpretations. The winning rationality has more to do with the power of the claimant than with the quality of reasoning. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2461 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (187.2Kb) -
Johnsen, Jahn Petter; Vik, Jostein; Sønvisen, Signe Annie (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2009)[+][-]
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Holm, Petter; Eliasen, Søren; Sverdrup-Jensen, Sten; Johnsen, Jahn Petter (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2009)[+][-]
Abstract: The waters surrounding the Nordic countries are rich in fish resources. Up to this date fisheries has been among the most important productive sectors in the Nordic economies, and in the Faroe Islands and Greenland it is by far the most important sector. Management of marine fisheries has over time had various objectives in the Nordic countries, ranging from fiscal and social purposes to stock conservation and socio-economic well-being in recent years. There are strong similarities between the Nordic countries, but differences in ecosystem and the socio-cultural settings of the fisheries have lead to differentiated management systems anyhow. The purpose of this note is to bring Nordic experience into the discussion of the reform of the Common Fisheries Policy. The discussion takes as its point of departure the so-called Green Paper in which the Commission has summarised the status of the EU fisheries and also put themes and questions up for discussion. The themes and cases of this note address issues which feature prominently in the Green Paper: reduction of over-capacity by establishing rights-based management systems, increase of the responsibility of the industry through development of co-management arrangements, and reduction of the discard of fish. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2462 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (1.842Mb) -
Flåten, Ola (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 27-Aug-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: This paper discusses actual and possible achievements and failures of Codland and examines it from the point of view of efficiency and in terms of distribution. It is argued in favour of the joint analysis of the two approaches when contemplating fisheries management reforms, since such reforms may create both winners and losers. The analysis demonstrates how rent drain from fishing communities and countries may occur despite significant resource rent creation. The change of the Codland economy is illustrated and compared to that of actual countries and to resource economic theory. It is concluded that if distributional and equity objectives matter, other instruments than ITQs, such as conditional tradable fish quotas and vessel licenses, resource taxes, co-management, public ownership, auctions, leases, time limited rights, time and area regulations, territorial user rights (TURFs) and marine protected areas (MPAs), should also be used. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2428 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (66.97Kb) -
Vrba, Zeljko; Johansen, Dag; Halvorsen, Pål; Griwodz, Carsten; Beskow, Paul; Espeland, Håvard (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010)[+][-]
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