Browsing Master's Thesis in Fisheries and Aquaculture Management and Economics by Author
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- Browsing Master's Thesis in Fisheries and Aquaculture Management and Economics by Author
Browsing Master's Thesis in Fisheries and Aquaculture Management and Economics by Author
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Ahamed, A. F. M. Jalal (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 10-Jun-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Fish is the main source of animal protein in Bangladesh. However, no previous studies I am aware of has analyzed or explored consumption and attitude toward fish in Bangladesh. In accordance with several studies in the area of food consumption behavior, this study use the Theory of Planed Behavior (TPB - Ajzen, 1991) a conceptual framework to explore the consumers attitude and consumption of fish in Dhaka city. Attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control in the traditional theory is extended with perceived risk, trust and knowledge in order to explain intention and consumption of fish. The measures used to evaluate the constructs in the theories are adopted from previous studies. The study employs the methods of descriptive analysis, test of reliability and means difference, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis to analyze the data collected in Dhaka city. The results show that fish as a meal is a common and broadly used food, and the people have high motivation and positive attitude toward consumption of fish. Perceived quality is revealed as the main determinant of consumers’ attitude, while availability is the main determinant of perceived behavioral control. Bones and smells of fish are not considered as unpleasant and not found as a significant indicator of attitudes. Time consumed to cook and prepare fish also did not found as a significant indicator of perceived control. It is also found people knew that fish are cultured in toxic environment and preserved with hazardous chemical, however the risk perception is less significant. This study found that people have much trust on food information from specialist like doctors and university scientist; but have low trust on Government and political parties. In the area of theory testing this study found attitude and norms are good predictors of intention, while intention and attitude have good predictability on consumption behavior. PBC did not find having effect on both intention and behavior. The cumulative variance explained by the data set is 73% for the constructs of TPB. In case of the extended model it is observed that intention, attitude, trust on information sources and product knowledge have significant effect on behavior, while attitude, norms and procedural knowledge is revealed as good predictor of intention. In the extended model it is also observed that there is no statistically significant relationship between risk, worry, trust on information sources, trust on sales outs with intention and behavior. However, while regressing intention with perceived risk (risk and worry) and trust (trust on information sources and on sales outlets) this study found statistically significant relationship. Key words: TPB, perceived risk, trust, knowledge, fish consumption, attitude, and intention URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2472 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (567.7Kb) -
Akter, Shamima (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 17-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Since 1997, development of white leg shrimp farming in Vietnam has attracted considerable attention due to its high export potential. Therefore, it is now necessary to assess the annual efficiency performance of white leg shrimp farms in order to improve Vietnam’s aquaculture policy. This paper based on a character sample of 61 white leg shrimp farmers in Khanh Hoa province, representing about 13.2% of such farmers in Khanh Hoa, Vietnam. Using an output-oriented VRS Data Envelopment Analysis, the standard efficiency was measured and then regressed to the farmer characteristics and production environment to identify the determinants of technical efficiency for those farms. The empirical results suggest that socio-economic factors such as education and experience are positively related and experience more significance than education, to the efficiency of white leg shrimp farmers. Some environmental factors, such as more distance from a channel, imply worse results for efficiency in white leg shrimp production. Financial factors, such as the proportion of total costs relative to total income, the proportion of variable costs relative to fixed costs, sales margin and return on asset have a positive effect on efficiency of the farmers. In addition, comparing the technical efficiency results of planned farms and unplanned farms, groups near to the channel and far from the channel, farmers who have a water keeping pond and those who do not have a water keeping pond, it was seen that the unplanned, far from the channel, and non-water keeping pond farms were less efficient than their counterparts. Therefore, this study suggests that there is a strong incentive for planned aquaculture. As it was seen that water sufficiency is necessary for efficient farming, additionally, it is better for a farm to be near the channel. If, however, it is far from the channel, a water keeping pond without culture is recommended. Moreover, having more experience in a cultured system was also suggested as a way to have the desired increase in productivity. Finally, further study about congestion problems, which have not been dealt with in this study, is recommended. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2518 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (677.3Kb) -
Allou, Robert (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: This paper looks into the preservation methods available to the small scale smoked and salted sun-dried fish processor in the Nzema East district of Ghana. The paper also examines the effect of fuel wood performance on the quality of smoked fish in producing the preferred fish texture and taste to meet consumer demand; assess the profitability of small scale smoked fish processing; and compare smoked fish with the salted sun-dried fish processing in the Nzema East district of Ghana. The data for the paper include experimental tests of smoked fish processing at selected smoked fish processing units to access the performance of different types of fuel wood used in smoked fish processing; focus group discussions which were carried out with selected producers of salted sun-dried and smoked fish in the Nzema East district. The secondary data used in this study was information obtained from the literatures studied, website information and reports from other fisheries institutions/ organizations. Other information was obtained through personal communications with smoked fish processors. From the experimental tests, various forms of fuel woods tested were grouped into “bad” and “preferred” fuel woods. Mangrove was found to be excellent in producing the consumer preferred colours of golden brown or dark brown, while wawa produced the not preferred colours of light brown. Profitability analysis such as profit and profit margins were calculated and market margins and efficiency to assess the market performance of the small scale smoked fish and compared with the salted sun-dried fish processor in the Nzema East district of Ghana. The results showed positive profits and margins. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4745 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.478Mb) -
Bui Nguyen Phuc, Thien Chuong (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: The research aimed to explore the value chain of frozen white leg shrimp exported to the U.S market from Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. Three objectives were set up, that is, (1) to identify the activities conducted by different actors in the value chain and the corresponding costs and earnings of those activities, (2) to evaluate the distributions of revenue, cost and profit along the chain, and (3) to determine factors preventing shrimp farmers from dealing directly with processing firms. Research findings showed that before exported to the U.S market, white leg shrimp has to undergo farming, procurement, and processing. Shrimp farming basically comprises of such steps as pond cleaning, seed release, and caring. When shrimp attain harvestable size, middlemen come to perform the procurement which includes harvesting, preserving, and transporting. At the processing plants, shrimp are transformed into final products, packed, labeled preserved and stored waiting to be exported. During shrimp farming, farmers incur several costs like seed, feed, labor, and other miscellaneous expenses. At the procurement stage, addition to purchasing shrimp from farmers, middlemen have to add some other costs like transport, labor, ice, and other inputs to transfer shrimp to the next stage. At the processing stage, direct material, direct labor, overhead, and other costs are added in accordance with the accounting format. Farmers, middlemen and processors experience positive profit in the 2008-2010 period. Based on costs and earnings data, some calculations were made which revealed the distributions of revenue (export price), cost and profit of 1 kg frozen shrimp exported to the U.S market. Costs and profits distributions were in sync with expectations. The surveys revealed 3 reasons why farmers depend on middlemen to sell their harvest, that is, lack of facilities, delayed payment policy and risk aversion. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3791 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.115Mb) -
Cao, Thi Hong Nga (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 17-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Since the 1990s, Vietnam’s government has made great efforts to develop the offshore fisheries development program. Study on the economic efficiency of the offshore long-line fishery is needed to evaluate and improve the program’s effectiveness. This thesis presents findings based on survey data collected through a representative sample of 37 registered offshore vessels operating in the Vietnam’s Exclusive Economic Zone and in the international waters. The empirical results show that excluding the government fuel subsidy, the owner of an average long-liner earns a profit of 63.363 million VND - equivalent to profit margin of 7.5% and return on investment of 16.0%. With subsidies, profits increased to 93.111 million VND and the two corresponding economic ratios also went up to 10.6% and 23.5%, respectively. This paper also discovered that the fishery in 2008 was less economically efficient than in 2004. However, the average monthly crew share is 1.8 million VND, higher than the average income per labor working in the gill net fishery in Khanh Hoa Province. A closer inspection of the economic data reveals that direct subsidy to compensate partly for fuel costs increase affected the overall fishery. Furthermore, this study provides evidence to support why an average longliner is still able to generate profits in the open access regime if vessels can capture more cost efficiency while the average revenue of relative standardised effort for all vessels is the same. Finally, this study also demonstrates, the surprising result, that the vessel group with the biggest engines, larger than 150 hp, are least cost efficient, whereas the vessels with the smallest engines, less than 90 HP, are most cost efficient and have the highest return on investment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2520 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (861.7Kb) -
Chen, Xianwen (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-Sep-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis makes four contributions on the economic analysis of fisheries in cold-water corals contained waters. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2473 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (701.7Kb) -
Dien, Mai Van (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: The initial results of this study demonstrated that the offshore gillnets fleets in the Central of Vietnam can get high economic efficiency, an offshore gillnet vessel make a margin profit of 10%, the annual income of vessel can reach 51% of gross revenue. The average annual income of a fishing man is much higher than the average personal income on the national scale, corresponding to 156% in 2007. The offshore gillnet fishery could be attracted labour as well as investment in the future. The analysis has demonstrated that a gillnet vessel in the group of vessels with main engine power upper than 90hp has higher annual gross revenue, income, and net profit than the rest group. Impacts of engine power and hull length have also significant for vessel group with smaller 90hp engine power. For improving on economic performance, it is necessary to encourage owners of vessels in group smaller 90hp take more investment to improve vessel’s engine as well as hull length. For gillnet vessels in group of larger 90hp, the owners should not concentrate on engine power, the hull length need to be maximized correlative with the current engine capacity, the total gillnets length should be increased. The limitations of this study include a quite small sample because of the data collection is very difficult and costly in the current Vietnam’s conditions. The sample does not cover some important indicators such as the marine resources, the changing in market prices of inputs or outputs of the used models, and social-economic indicators (management ability, skipper and crew skills, education and average age of fishing men, and so on). Key words: offshore gillnet, economic performance, gross revenue, annual income URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2000 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (799.2Kb) -
Dien, Vo Van (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Small-scale fisheries are one of the key sectors in Vietnam economy. This has been explained by its noticeable contribution to GDP, sizable share in the total export value in addition to the significant role in employment generation and food security. Contrary to the promising signs of sectorial performance, most of fishermen are considered the poorest of the poor and poverty is dominantly characteristic in small-scale fisheries. Poverty alleviation has emerged as an urgent requirement to sustain fishing communities. Characteristics and causes of poverty in small-scale fisheries should be therefore carefully investigated before any policy decisions are made. The thesis presents findings based on primary data collected through from 60 samples of households in Bich Dam Island in Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam. The empirical results show that 18% of fishermen households are living below the poverty line which is still above the provincial average. Living conditions of islanders’ communities are far below the minimal threshold in the critical shortage of electricity; clean water supply and basic amenities. Regression outcomes in poverty, represented by consumption per capita, analysis indicate that the size and structure of fishing households have considerable effects on poverty. Fishing boat owners have higher expenditures per head as compared with others. Introducing alternative jobs should be implicated in poverty alleviation policy in the island. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1984 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (905.9Kb) -
Doan, Van Bay (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: This research applied value chain analysis to represent activities of participants and their linkages in Black tiger shrimp culture industry in Hoa Binh district, Bac Lieu province, Vietnam. Actors involved in shrimp farming practice from farmers, collectors, wholesalers, feed and veterinary medicine enterprises, processors, to hatcheries, and nurseries were interviewed by separate questionnaires. A total sample size of 71 surveyed households were conducted and analyzed for this research. Results presented a map of actors, costs and margins, employment distribution, advantages and disadvantages of each level. Farmers, collectors, wholesalers and processing companies are four main actors which contributed directly to shrimp production and effected to the commercial value, and shrimp price. Hatcheries, nurseries, feed and veterinary medicines enterprises impacted indirectly to the economic efficiency and the value chain development orientation. Especially, small-scale farmers are the weakest and the most vulnerable actor in the value chain. The processing companies increase added value about 18%-26% and get the opportunities and benefits from trade better other actors. To upgrade this chain, shrimp farming clubs or farmers’ associations should be established in this district. They need to link to other actors with contract systems to meet the market demands and ensure sustainable development of shrimp industry. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3773 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (3.301Mb) -
Do, Hung Nguyen (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 12-Jun-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Trao Reef Locally Managed Marine Reserve was established in 2001 to protect coral reef being under threat because of human activities. However, the economic value of coral reef represents an important sight to help local people and resource managers in using and managing the resource effectively in the marine reserve has not been seen. By using financial analysis to calculate producer surplus of resource users, this study evaluated the direct use value consisting of fishery and aquaculture values of coral reef in the marine reserve. The findings show that the direct use value of coral reef is US$ 207,819 in which aquaculture is an important contribution. This study also investigated the evaluation of effectiveness of the marine reserve management under the context of community based management approach by contrasting with Nha Trang Bay MPA management which follows top-down management approach. The results show that community in Trao Reef marine has higher awareness, higher compliance, and higher participation to the marine reserve management. These indicators imply that Trao Reef management is performing better than Nha Trang Bay MPA management. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1983 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (865.4Kb) -
Possible economic impact on coastal fish stock resources in Bangladesh in the case of climate changeHabib, Ahasan (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 08-Jun-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: The Bay of Bengal fishery in Bangladesh is the most important and the predominant fishery in the country. Effort data from 1985-1986 to 2007-2008 is standardised to a standard year 2007-2008 (fish trawler) vessel and standardised effort has together with catch data been used to calculate the parameter values for the Gordon-Schafer surplus production model. The parameterised models are used to estimate the biological parameters, maximum sustainable yield, maximum economic yield and open access equilibrium. The analysis indicates that present level of effort in the fishery is very close to the level of maximum sustainable yield (of about four thousand tonnes), but increase in cost and population related to recent changes in fishing pattern may show this situation is unsustainable. The model results are not pointing at any severe biological overfishing. But, on the other hand, economic overfishing started several years before. The model has also been studied under nine climate scenarios where assuming each represents possible climate change consequences. Similarly the output of three reference equilibriums have been studied for each climate scenarios.The paper analyses the potential of climate effects for changing the intrinsic growth rate, carrying capacity, profitability by the Bay of Bengal fisheries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2528 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (588.9Kb) -
Hanh, Bui Le Thai (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: This research provides the first analysis of the relationship between farm financial exposure and technical efficiency in the Pangasius farming in An Giang province, in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. A nonparametric DEA approach has been applied to estimate technical and scale efficiency scores of 61 Pangasius farms in An Giang province in the year 2008. The mean technical efficiencies under assumption of constant returns to scale and variable returns to scale and scale efficiency were measured to be 0.595, 1.058 and 0.58 respectively. The decomposition of the technical efficiency measure shows that scale inefficiency is the primary cause of technical inefficiency in the the case of Pangasius farming as about 92% of the sample Pangasius farms exhibits increasing returns to scale (IRS). Then, estimated technical efficiency (TE) scores under assumption of variable returns to scale are used in a regression analysis to investigate the relationship between the efficiency measures and different farm characteristics, including financial considerations. Research results suggest that technical efficiency is influenced by investment level of farms as well as by farm operator's experience. The farms are invested more will be more efficient. The experience measured as the years of operator in farming Pangasius also suggests that the farmers having more experience may have better decisions in farm operating and more efficient in using inputs, thus, their farms are more efficient. Technical efficiency is positively influenced by the debt-to-asset ratio and also by the debt-to-equity ratio, while no statistically significant relationship is found between technical efficiency and the bank debt-to asset ratio. The other factors (age and education levels of the houshlod head) are found to have no effects on the technical efficiency in the sample farms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1982 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (544.9Kb) -
Hasan, Mehedi Mahmudul (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The study examined the role of technology to aquaculture farmers vulnerable to climate change and the study also identified common categories of aquaculture practices in the coastal district Noakhali, Bangladesh and the vulnerabilities associated with such aquaculture practices. The study focused on the sustainability of farmers’ livelihood. The study used extensive field visits, interviews with the key informants of Regional Fisheries and Livestock Development Component (RFLDC) and farmers, personal communications and focus group discussion as the main procedures to collect data and information. The study also used the sustainable rural livelihood framework to show farmers’ livelihood resources and transforming strategies to resilient livelihood outcome. The study found four common categories of aquaculture in the mainland, accreted and newly accreted lands of Noakhali and characterized those with technology level, size, dependencies, markets, ownership, species mix, constraints and vulnerabilities to changing climate. Average net returns from the technology induced aquaculture in community based ponds and waterlogged paddy lands were 905.33 and 362.78 USD/ha/year respectively. The study found the pond aquaculture in the newly accreted lands more vulnerable to climate change than other types. RFLDC which is a joint collaboration project of Government of Bangladesh and DANIDA, had been involved in extending technology to the poor farmers for sustainable development of the farmers’ livelihood through agricultural activities. Farmer Field Schools, Community Based Organizations (CBOs), CBO associations and Union Parishad have been found to be playing very effective role for the development of aquaculture and livelihood diversification. Diversification in the culture systems has been suggested as a management practice in the study area which can increase farmers’ resilience to the vulnerabilities. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4753 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (654.0Kb) -
Huy, Dang Hoang Xuan (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: This study has used minimizing input-oriented CRS DEA model with two output and five input variables which use theory of technical efficiency. It mainly has used Nha Trang‘s data (64 samples) to analysis, data from other areas in Khanh Hoa province (33 samples in Ninh Hoa district, 33 samples in Van Ninh district, and 36 samples in Cam Ranh district) only use to compare to Nha Trang to find the worst factors for technical efficiency, improving these factors in section conclusion. All these data was collected from data primary of Ph.D Pham Xuan Thuy when he did Ph.D thesis which he inquired in Khanh Hoa province in 2004. There are 25% performances of Black Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) DMUo is efficient and 75% performances of DMUo are inefficient in Nha Trang city. We can put to conduct for each of the inefficient. These are the units that management would focus on to improve input factors or resource reduction. Camparing among Cam Ranh, Nha Trang city, Van Ninh district, Ninh Hoa district the proportion percent of Black Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) DMUo technical efficient of Cam Ranh is 42% due to geographical advantage. The proportion percent of DMUo efficient of Nha Trang and Ninh Hoa is lowest because of nearly populated area and processing factories. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1981 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (928.3Kb) -
Khan, Manzura (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: In the present study, a hedonic model was used to estimate price increments or discount of catfish (Pangasius sp.) due to quality attributes in a domestic market named Natunbazar in Barishal district of Bangladesh. Using price and attribute data obtained by a questionnaire survey from the Barishal Natunbazar fish market, a linear hedonic price model was estimated which includes both continuous variable and dummy explanatory variables. The continuous variables were weight and standard length of Pangasius fish. Dummy variables represented the qualitative attributes which includes freshness in terms of gill color; origin of product; morning or evening; weekday or weekend; mode of sale and type of preservation. The estimated result shows a clear and significant price fluctuation due to the changes of different quality attributes of fish. Larger fish with bright gill color representing freshness were highly valued. Icing was more preferred among the other forms of preservation. Fish produced from local aquaculture practice and weekend day receives discount where fish sold in morning showed the price premium. The empirical finding of this study can explain some implications for those who not only involve with fisheries marketing and management including handling, transportation and preservation procedure but also involving in fish production by intensive or semi-intensive aquaculture practice. Thus, this hedonic approach explained in this study demonstrates the indicators of price fluctuation in fish market about what the fish farmers claimed on. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4744 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (653.0Kb) -
Khuu, Thi Phuong Dong (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 22-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The aims of this study to identify the impacts of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) on Vietnamese catfish export price in the international market. The time-series monthly data from 1999 to 2011 was used in our paper. Base on the demand and supply equilibrium theory, we constructed the function of Vietnamese catfish export price. The unit toot test results showed that our data was stationary at differenced level. Therefore, the econometric models, such as first-differenced model, Error correction model (ECM) and the lagged transformation model were employed to estimate the effects of NTBs on the Vietnamese catfish export price. The antidumping, the labeling law and the technical barriers were the most popular of NTBs used for Vietnamese catfish products. The NTBs were considered in our model under the dummy form with. Beside the NTBs, some other macroeconomic variables were added to the model as the demand and supply shifters, such as exchange rate, income per capita, the price of substitute goods (poultry, salmon, the US catfish), the price of input cost (fishmeal, fuel). The estimated of the econometric models showed that, in the short run, the US catfish price was the alternative goods of Vietnamese catfish. We found that the NTBs were not significant in the dynamics of Vietnamese catfish export price in the short run. However, in the long run, the antidumping had the negative effects on the Vietnamese catfish export price. The estimated ECMs model demonstrated that the Vietnamese catfish export price decreased about 9% after antidumping be effective. However, the labeling law and the imposed of HACCP standards did not have more significant in the change of Vietnamese catfish. The application of GLOBAL GAP in catfish producing process did not illustrated negative effects as our expected results. This could be argued that the application of GLOBAL GAP had the positive effects on the consumer’s belief in the long run. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4766 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (834.1Kb) -
Kim Anh, Nguyen Thi (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The open access fisheries regime has led to the degradation of marine resources and to conflicts in sharing them and the fishing grounds in Tam Giang Cau Hai lagoon in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam. In 2003, community-based fisheries management (CBFM), particularly through Fisheries Associations (FA), was introduced and established. As of 2011, there were 62 local FAs. It means that local FAs have played an important role in the implementation of CBFM and as a major partner of the Government in protection of aquatic resource and fisheries management. This master thesis is based on primary data collected through a questionnaire survey and interviews of key informants. In addition, secondary data and literature on Co-management, fisheries management and transaction-costs were used to supplement missing parts. This study highlights the demands of implementation, level of awareness and participation, effectiveness and weakness and methods for measuring the transaction costs in Giang Xuan FA in particular and fisheries Co-management system in general. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4771 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (3.850Mb) -
Koralagama, Dilanthi Nadeeka (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Vulnerability leads to poverty; poverty leads to vulnerability, a controversial two concepts without an end nor a start. From recent past, poverty has been addressed in terms of vulnerability. There, the possible ways to be vulnerable is stressed to investigate. Risks, shocks, and uncertainty have been identified as the profound sources of vulnerability so as to poverty. In fact, the study was designed to assess the coping mechanisms of vulnerability that are adapting to hammer the idiosyncratic risks and shocks in the small-scale fishing community in Southern Sri Lanka. Stratified random technique was applied to draw a sample of three groups representing, NMRT owners, FRP owners, and crew members. Totally 50 households were selected. Both panel data and a cross sectional survey was carried out to glean the data. The results highlight a clear variation of fishing income between season and off-season for the whole three groups. The FRP owners’, main cash inflows are fishing income, drawings, gifts, bank loans, and co-operatives irrespective of the season. Zero income, harsh sea condition, and inability to secure operational expenses knock their livelihoods frequently. Individuals are adapting memberships in formal organizations, accumulation of wealth, activity diversification, migration, and social networks as ex-ante risk coping strategies. Loans from friends, mortgage, withdrawals from banks, and intra- community transfers are the ex-post risk coping strategies. The safety net arrangements are vital to ensure the mutual insurance among the small–scale fishers. The importance of a high heterogeneity within a network is elaborated by the income- expenditure, and saving patterns of the groups. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1980 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.025Mb) -
Lan, Duong Thi Kim (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 22-May-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Attitudes of local people and managers have become the emerging topic in marine protected areas management. Understanding about it is expected to contribute to the implement and the compliance of fishermen and managers after seven years of the Nha Trang Bay marine protected are foundation. This study aims to evaluate attitudes and perceptions of fishermen and managers towards MPA management; and to examine life satisfaction of the fishermen resulting from the Nha Trang Bay MPA designation. The primary stakeholders take vital roles in complying with the management regulations, fishermen and managers were surveyed by random selection. Their opinions were obtained by the face-to-face interview. Results were presented underlying the descriptive analysis and the logistic regression model. Managers expressed positive attitudes and perceptions towards the MPA management; meanwhile fishermen did not. Fishermen reluctantly accept the closed area. The management board has not caught the support from local people, poaching and conflicts in using fisheries resources still occur in the area. The cumulative logistic model was used to examine the effects of demographic and socioeconomic factors on fishermen’s happiness. Per capita income and age have positive effects on the probability of fishermen life satisfaction. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1979 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (538.1Kb) -
Le, Chi Cong (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 16-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: The main objective of the thesis is to explore and test the roles of attitude, preference conflict, norms and family identity in explaining intention/behavior toward fish consumption in Vietnamese families. This study utilizes a theoretical framework based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, but more focused on some other variables (ambivalence, family conflict and identity) in an extended model. The study reveals that attitude, family conflict, and family identity influence intention, while family norms factor do not exhibit a direct relationship with the intention to consume fish in Vietnam. In addition, ambivalence was negatively correlated with attitude, while interpersonal conflict was unrelated to attitude. Moreover, although social variables seem to be of vital importance in predicting attitude, only family identity and attitude enjoy positive correlation with high statistical significance. Family norms have a low impact on attitude while family conflict has no significance in predicting attitude towards fish. Also, family norm and family conflicts were mutually related. Further, the result does not support the hypothesis that family identity represents a moderator in the family norm-intention relationship. Finally, intention to eat fish is highly positively correlated to behavior to consume. However, there is no direct relationship between family identity and fish consumption behavior. The results of this study will shed some light on discovering the role of attitude, preference conflict, family norms, and family identity in explaining intention/behavior toward fish consumption in Vietnamese families. It will allow academics to better understand the complication of social variables and further develop future research in this area. Keywords: Fish consumption; attitude; preference conflict; ambivalence; family norms; family identity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2533 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.035Mb)
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