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dc.contributor.authorLindkvist, Jesper
dc.contributor.authorHamrin, Maria
dc.contributor.authorGunell, Herbert
dc.contributor.authorNilsson, Hans
dc.contributor.authorWedlund, Cyril Simon
dc.contributor.authorKallio, Esa
dc.contributor.authorMann, Ingrid
dc.contributor.authorPitkänen, Timo
dc.contributor.authorKarlsson, Tomas
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-12T13:19:19Z
dc.date.available2019-04-12T13:19:19Z
dc.date.issued2018-08-21
dc.description.abstract<i>Aims</i>: We wish to investigate the energy conversion between particles and electromagnetic fields and determine the location where it occurs in the plasma environment of comets.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We used a hybrid plasma model that included photoionization, and we considered two cases of the solar extreme ultraviolet flux. Other parameters corresponded to the conditions of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko at a heliocentric distance of 1.5 AU.<p> <p><i>Results</i>: We find that a shock-like structure is formed upstream of the comet and acts as an electromagnetic generator, similar to the bow shock at Earth that slows down the solar wind. The Poynting flux transports electromagnetic energy toward the inner coma, where newly born cometary ions are accelerated. Upstream of the shock-like structure, we find local energy transfer from solar wind ions to cometary ions. We show that mass loading can be a local process with a direct transfer of energy, but also part of a dynamo system with electromagnetic generators and loads.<p> <p><i>Conclusions</i>. The energization of cometary ions is governed by a dynamo system for weak ionization, but changes into a large conversion region with local transfer of energy directly from solar wind protons for high ionization.<p>en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipSwedish National Space Board Belgian Science Policy Office PRODEX/ROSETTA/ROSINA PEA 4000107705 Swedish National Space Board Swedish Research Councilen_US
dc.descriptionAccepted manuscript version. Published version available at <a href=https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732353> https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732353. </a>en_US
dc.identifier.citationLindkvist, J., Hamrin, M., Gunell, H., Nilsson, H., Wedlund, C.S., Kallio, E. ... Karlsson, T. (2018). Energy conversion in cometary atmospheres - Hybrid modeling of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. <i>Astronomy and Astrophysics, 616</i>, A81. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732353en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1667369
dc.identifier.doi10.1051/0004-6361/201732353
dc.identifier.issn0004-6361
dc.identifier.issn1432-0746
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/15206
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Verlagen_US
dc.relation.journalAstronomy and Astrophysics
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/?/262941?/Norway/?//en_US
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/?/240000?/Norway/?//en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.subjectcometsen_US
dc.subjectindividualen_US
dc.subject67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko / Sunen_US
dc.subjectUV radiationen_US
dc.subjectSunen_US
dc.subjectsolar winden_US
dc.subjectmethods: numericalen_US
dc.subjectplasmasen_US
dc.subjectacceleration of particlesen_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430::Astrophysics, astronomy: 438en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Astrofysikk, astronomi: 438en_US
dc.titleEnergy conversion in cometary atmospheres - Hybrid modeling of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenkoen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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