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dc.contributor.authorNordström, Peter
dc.contributor.authorBerggren, J.
dc.contributor.authorBallin, Marcel
dc.contributor.authorNordström, Anna Hava
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-24T09:10:51Z
dc.date.available2022-01-24T09:10:51Z
dc.date.issued2021-03-11
dc.description.abstractWe conducted a nationwide, registry-based study to investigate the importance of 34 potential risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, hospitalization (with or without intensive care unit [ICU] admission), and subsequent all-cause mortality. The study population comprised all COVID-19 cases confirmed in Sweden by mid-September 2020 (68,575 non-hospitalized, 2494 ICU hospitalized, and 13,589 non-ICU hospitalized) and 434,081 randomly sampled general-population controls. Older age was the strongest risk factor for hospitalization, although the odds of ICU hospitalization decreased after 60–69 years and, after controlling for other risk factors, the odds of non-ICU hospitalization showed no trend after 40–49 years. Residence in a long-term care facility was associated with non-ICU hospitalization. Male sex and the presence of at least one investigated comorbidity or prescription medication were associated with both ICU and non-ICU hospitalization. Three comorbidities associated with both ICU and non-ICU hospitalization were asthma, hypertension, and Down syndrome. History of cancer was not associated with COVID-19 hospitalization, but cancer in the past year was associated with non-ICU hospitalization, after controlling for other risk factors. Cardiovascular disease was weakly associated with non-ICU hospitalization for COVID-19, but not with ICU hospitalization, after adjustment for other risk factors. Excess mortality was observed in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 cases. These results confirm that severe COVID-19 is related to age, sex, and comorbidity in general. The study provides new evidence that hypertension, asthma, Down syndrome, and residence in a long-term care facility are associated with severe COVID-19.en_US
dc.identifier.citationNordström P, Berggren J, Ballin M, Nordström AH. Risk Factors for COVID-19 Diagnosis, Hospitalization, and Subsequent All-Cause Mortality in Sweden: A Nationwide Study. European Journal of Epidemiology (EJE). 2021;36(3):287-298en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1970817
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10654-021-00732-w
dc.identifier.issn0393-2990
dc.identifier.issn1573-7284
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/23768
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.relation.journalEuropean Journal of Epidemiology (EJE)
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2021 The Author(s)en_US
dc.titleRisk Factors for COVID-19 Diagnosis, Hospitalization, and Subsequent All-Cause Mortality in Sweden: A Nationwide Studyen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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