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dc.contributor.authorSharma, Suraj
dc.contributor.authorHsieh, Yin-Chen
dc.contributor.authorDietze, Jørn
dc.contributor.authorBockwoldt, Mathias
dc.contributor.authorStrømland, Øyvind
dc.contributor.authorZiegler, Mathias
dc.contributor.authorHeiland, Ines
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-15T06:30:45Z
dc.date.available2022-08-15T06:30:45Z
dc.date.issued2022-06-21
dc.description.abstractBacteria use two alternative pathways to synthesize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinamide (Nam). A short, two-step route proceeds through nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) formation, whereas the other pathway, a four-step route, includes the deamidation of Nam and the reamidation of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NAAD) to NAD. In addition to having twice as many enzymatic steps, the four-step route appears energetically unfavourable, because the amidation of NAAD includes the cleavage of ATP to AMP. Therefore, it is surprising that this pathway is prevalent not only in bacteria but also in yeast and plants. Here, we demonstrate that the considerably higher chemical stability of the deamidated intermediates, compared with their amidated counterparts, might compensate for the additional energy expenditure, at least at elevated temperatures. Moreover, comprehensive bioinformatics analyses of the available >6000 bacterial genomes indicate that an early selection of one or the other pathway occurred. The mathematical modelling of the NAD pathway dynamics supports this hypothesis, as there appear to be no advantages in having both pathways.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSharma S, Hsieh H, Dietze J, Bockwoldt M, Strømland Ø, Ziegler M, Heiland I. Early Evolutionary Selection of NAD Biosynthesis Pathway in Bacteria. Metabolites. 2022;12en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2042795
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/metabo12070569
dc.identifier.issn2218-1989
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/26162
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.relation.ispartofHsieh, Y.-C. (2024). Development of a bioinformatic framework for the phylogenetic and structural analyses of protein evolution and co-evolution. (Doctoral thesis). <a href=https://hdl.handle.net/10037/34237>https://hdl.handle.net/10037/34237</a>
dc.relation.journalMetabolites
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2022 The Author(s)en_US
dc.titleEarly Evolutionary Selection of NAD Biosynthesis Pathway in Bacteriaen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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