Institutt for klinisk medisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 281-300 of 1804
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External Validation of the Graded Prognostic Assessment in Patients with Brain Metastases from Small Cell Lung Cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-29)Background: Recently, graded prognostic assessment (GPA) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients with brain metastases has been developed. This includes age, performance status, number of brain metastases and presence of extracranial metastases. The aim of the present study was to validate this four-tiered prognostic score in a European cohort of patients. Methods: The retrospective validation ... -
Epidemiology and natural history in 101 subjects with FKRP-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R9. The Norwegian LGMDR9 cohort study (2020)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-25)We aimed to investigate the epidemiology and natural history of FKRP-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R9 (LGMDR9) in Norway. We identified 153 genetically confirmed subjects making the overall prevalence 2.84/100,000, the highest reported figure worldwide. Of the 153 subjects, 134 (88 %) were homozygous for FKRP c.826C>A giving a carrier frequency for this variant of 1/101 in Norway. Clinical ... -
Magnetic resonance imaging for non-invasive measurement of plastic ingestion in marine wildlife
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-17)Monitoring plastic ingestion by marine wildlife is important for both characterizing the extent of plastic pollution in the environment and understanding its effect on species and ecosystems. Current methods to detect plastic in the digestive system of animals are slow and invasive, such that the number of animals that can be screened is limited. In this article, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ... -
Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress among Patients with Cardiac Pacemakers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-15)Despite being a prerequisite for tailoring specific therapeutic interventions, knowledge of pattern and prevalence of clinically significant psychiatric symptomatology among patients with cardiac pacemakers (PMs), especially of symptoms of posttraumatic stress, is limited. We studied symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress among PM patients (PM due to syncope or presyncope) ... -
Management of Orofacial Manifestations of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Interdisciplinary Consensus-Based Recommendations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-30)Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is common in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). TMJ arthritis can lead to orofacial symptoms, orofacial dysfunction, and dentofacial deformity with negative impact on quality of life. Management involves interdisciplinary collaboration. No current recommendations exist to guide clinical management. We undertook this study to develop consensus-based ... -
Decompressive hemicraniectomy for space-occupying brain infarction: Nationwide population-based registry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-14)Objective: We analyzed data from the Norwegian Stroke Registry (NSR) to study access to and outcomes of decompressive hemicraniectomy for brain infarction in a nationwide routine clinical setting. We also discretionary assessed whether the outcomes were comparable with those achieved in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and whether the use was in accordance with guidelines. Methods: The NSR ... -
Non-respondents do not bias outcome assessment after cervical spine surgery: a multicenter observational study from the Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-21)Background - The Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine) is a national clinical quality registry which has recorded more than 10,000 operations for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine since 2012. Registries are large observational cohorts, at risk for attrition bias. We therefore aimed to examine whether clinical outcomes differed between respondents and non-respondents to standardized ... -
Complement C3b contributes to Escherichia coli-induced platelet aggregation in human whole blood
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-14)We found that compstatin, which inhibits the cleavage of complement component C3 to its components C3a and C3b, reduced the E. coli-induced platelet aggregation by 42%-76% (p = 0.0417). This C3-dependent aggregation was not C3a-mediated as neither inhibition of C3a using a blocking antibody or a C3a receptor antagonist, nor the addition of purified C3a had any effects. In contrast, a C3b-blocking ... -
Personalized treatment of brain metastases: Evolving survival prediction models may benefit from evaluation of serum tumor markers (narrative review)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-01)Treatment of a limited number of brain metastases (oligometastases) might include complex and sometimes invasive approaches, e.g. neurosurgical resection followed by post-operative stereotactic radiotherapy, and thus, correct identification of patients who are appropriate candidates is crucial. Both, staging procedures that visualize the true number of metastastic lesions and prognostic assessments ... -
Intrinsic coagulation pathway-mediated thrombin generation in mouse whole blood
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-28)Calibrated Automated Thrombography (CAT) is a versatile and sensitive method for analyzing coagulation reactions culminating in thrombin generation (TG). Here, we present a CAT method for analyzing TG in murine whole blood by adapting the CAT assay used for measuring TG in human plasma. The diagnostically used artificial and physiologic factor XII (FXII) contact activators kaolin, ellagic acid ... -
Analysis of Antibiotic Exposure and Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Europe, North America, and Australia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-23)<p><b> IMPORTANCE</b> Appropriate use of antibiotics is life-saving in neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS), but overuse of antibiotics is associated with antimicrobial resistance and long-term adverse outcomes. Large international studies quantifying early-life antibiotic exposure along with EOS incidence are needed to provide a basis for future interventions aimed at safely reducing neonatal ... -
Incidence of and risk factors of chronic kidney disease: Results of a nationwide study in Iceland
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-25)Background - Information on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population is scarce. This study examined the incidence and risk factors of CKD stages 1–5 in Iceland, based on multiple markers of kidney damage.<p> <p>Methods - All serum creatinine (SCr) values, urine protein measurements and diagnosis codes for kidney diseases and comorbid conditions for people aged ≥18 ... -
Vaccine associated benign headache and cutaneous hemorrhage after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine: A cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-17)Objectives Fatal complications have occurred after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, a vaccine against Covid-19. Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) with severe outcome is characterized by venous thrombosis, predominantly in cerebral veins, thrombocytopenia and anti-PF4/polyanion antibodies. Prolonged headaches and cutaneous hemorrhages, frequently observed after the ChAdOx1 ... -
Health-related quality of life from 20 to 32 years of age in very low birth weight individuals: a longitudinal study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-14)Background: Preterm birth with very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight<1500 g) is associated with health problems later in life. How VLBW individuals perceive their physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is important to understand their putative burden of disease. Previous studies have shown mixed results, and longitudinal studies into adulthood have been requested. This study ... -
Towards a temporospatial framework for measurements of disorganization in speech using semantic vectors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-10)Incoherent speech in schizophrenia has long been described as the mind making “leaps” of large distances between thoughts and ideas. Such a view seems intuitive, and for almost two decades, attempts to operationalize these conceptual “leaps” in spoken word meanings have used language-based embedding spaces. An embedding space represents meaning of words as numerical vectors where a greater proximity ... -
Reflections on the nature of measurement in language-based automated assessments of patients' mental state and cognitive function
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-22)Modern advances in computational language processing methods have enabled new approaches to the measurement of mental processes. However, the field has primarily focused on model accuracy in predicting performance on a task or a diagnostic category. Instead the field should be more focused on determining which computational analyses align best with the targeted neurocognitive/psychological functions ... -
Anterior surgical treatment for cervical degenerative radiculopathy: a prediction model for non-success
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-08)Purpose By using data from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery, we wanted to develop and validate prediction models for non-success in patients operated with anterior surgical techniques for cervical degenerative radiculopathy (CDR).<p> <p>Methods This is a multicentre longitudinal study of 2022 patients undergoing CDR surgery and followed for 12 months to fnd prognostic models for non-success ... -
Late Window Imaging Selection for Endovascular Therapy of Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: An International Survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-31)Background - Current stroke guidelines recommend advanced imaging (computed tomography [CT] perfusion or magnetic resonance imaging) prior to endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with late presentation of large vessel occlusion. Adherence to guidelines may be constrained by resources or timely access to imaging. We sought to understand the factors which influence late window imaging selection for ... -
Molecular programs associated with glomerular hyperfiltration in early diabetic kidney disease
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-31)Hyperfiltration is a state of high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) observed in early diabetes that damages glomeruli, resulting in an iterative process of increasing filtration load on fewer and fewer remaining functional glomeruli. To delineate underlying cellular mechanisms of damage associated with hyperfiltration, transcriptional profiles of kidney biopsies from Pima Indians with type 2 ... -
A systematic review of biomarkers among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 predictive of venous thromboembolism: A communication from the Predictive and Diagnostic Variables Scientific and Standardization Committee of the ISTH
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-26)<p><b> Background</b> Thrombosis is reported to occur more often among patients with COVID-19 than otherwise expected in the setting of viral pneumonia and sepsis. Systemic inflammatory biomarkers may be associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk. The ISTH subcommittee on Predictive and Diagnostic Variables in Thrombotic Disease aimed to report the evidence on prognostic biomarkers for VTE ...