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dc.contributor.advisorHansen, John Bjarne
dc.contributor.authorEdvardsen, Magnus Sandvik
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-15T10:38:54Z
dc.date.available2024-05-15T10:38:54Z
dc.date.issued2024-05-31
dc.description.abstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE), an umbrella term for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a common disease with serious complications. Meanwhile, the exact underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is pivotal in haemostasis, and likely causally involved in VTE. VWF is regulated by ADAMTS13 and can promote haemostasis in two distinct ways; i.e., interaction with platelets and serving as the carrier of coagulation factor (F)VIII. The aims of the present thesis were to investigate the prospective association between VWF and VTE and assess the impact of platelet interaction. The study population was derived from the fourth survey of the Tromsø Study, where 27,158 individuals above the age of 25 years participated. The participants were followed from baseline in 1994-95 through August 2007, and 462 incident VTE cases were identified by thorough assessment of available registries. For each case, two age- and sex-matched controls were sampled from the parent cohort, forming a nested case-control study. Plasma samples obtained at cohort baseline were then thawed and analysed for VWF, ADAMTS13 and FVIII. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for VTE. In paper I, we found a dose-dependent association between plasma levels of VWF and risk of future VTE. Those with plasma VWF levels in the highest quartile had a 45% increased OR for VTE compared with those in the lowest quartile, and the OR for unprovoked DVT was increased 6.7-fold. In paper II, our data suggested that plasma ADAMTS13 in the lowest quartile was also associated with increased OR for VTE. Further, the ratio between plasma VWF and ADAMTS13 had a dose-dependent relationship with OR for future VTE, and those in the highest quartile had 70% higher OR for VTE than those in the lowest quartile. In paper III, we found that plasma VWF had synergistic effects with mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count on OR for VTE. Specifically, elevated plasma VWF did not result in increased OR for VTE if platelet measures were not concomitantly high. Paper IV assessed the same interactions, but with FVIII. Here, a more than additive effect was only seen for MPV. In conclusion, our main findings indicate that elevated VWF represents a long-term risk factor for VTE, and that platelet interaction is involved in the mechanism by which VWF promotes venous thrombus formation.en_US
dc.description.abstractVenøs tromboembolisme (VTE) er en samlebetegnelse som omfatter blodproppsykdommene dyp venetrombose (DVT) og lungeemboli. VTE er en vanlig og multifaktoriell sykdom med alvorlige komplikasjoner. Likevel er det mye man ikke vet om mekanismene for sykdommen. Von Willebrand faktor (VWF) er essensiell for vår evne til å stanse blødninger, og er sannsynligvis involvert i prosessen der slike blodpropper dannes. VWF reguleres av ADAMTS13, og virker på to måter; den kan binde seg til blodplater og fungerer som bærer for koagulasjonsfaktor (F)VIII. I denne avhandlingen har vi undersøkt sammenhengen mellom VWF og VTE, samt hvorvidt interaksjon med blodplater spiller inn. Studiepopulasjonen var deltakere fra den fjerde Tromsøundersøkelsen, som ble avholdt i 1994-95 og inkluderte 27 158 personer over 25 år. I løpet av oppfølgingsperioden fram til 2007 identifiserte vi 462 tilfeller av førstegangs VTE ved å søke i tilgjengelige registre og validere endepunktene. For hver kasus inkluderte vi to deltakere av samme kjønn og alder som ikke fikk VTE i oppfølgingstiden, og opprettet en nøstet kasus-kontroll studie. Blodprøvene som var avlagt ved studiestart ble deretter tint og analysert for VWF, ADAMTS13 og FVIII. Logistisk regresjon ble brukt til å estimere odds ratioer (OR) for VTE. I artikkel I fant vi en dose-respons-sammenheng mellom nivåer av VWF og VTE. De med VWF i øverste kvartil hadde 45% økt OR for VTE sammenliknet med de i laveste kvartil, og 6,7 ganger økt OR for DVT uten kjent årsak. I artikkel II fant vi at de med ADAMTS13 i laveste kvartil hadde økt risiko for VTE sammenliknet med andre. I tillegg var det en doseavhengig sammenheng mellom forholdstallet VWF/ADAMTS13 og OR for VTE. De som hadde høyest forholdstall (høyeste kvartil) hadde 70% høyere OR for VTE enn de med lavest forholdstall (laveste kvartil). Artikkel III viste at høyt VWF-nivå kombinert med gjennomsnittlig blodplatevolum (MPV) og blodplatetall hadde synergisk effekt på OR for VTE. Høyt VWF-nivå hadde faktisk ingen effekt på risikoen for VTE dersom MPV og blodplatetall var lave. Artikkel IV besto av liknende analyser, men så på FVIII i stedet for VWF. Her fant man en interaksjon mellom FVIII og MPV, men ikke med blodplatetall. Funnene i denne avhandlingen tyder på at VWF representerer en langvarig risikofaktor for VTE, samt at interaksjon med blodplater er involvert i måten VWF fører til dannelse av blodpropp i venesystemet.en_US
dc.description.doctoraltypeph.d.en_US
dc.description.popularabstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and deadly disease which forms a major burden in society. Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a key player in haemostasis due to its ability to capture platelets and its role as the carrier of coagulation factor (F)VIII. VWF is likely causally involved in venous thrombus formation, but the separate effects of platelet interaction and FVIII remain to be disentangled. Using data from the Tromsø Study, we investigated the prospective association between plasma VWF and VTE, including assessments of platelet interaction and analyses of ADAMTS13, the main regulator of VWF. We found that high plasma level of VWF and low levels of ADAMTS13 were associated with increased VTE risk. Furthermore, our results indicated that platelet interaction is involved in the mechanism by which VWF promotes venous thrombus formation. Further insights into these mechanisms may provide improved strategies for VTE treatment and prevention.en_US
dc.description.sponsorship- Helse Nord - Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsenen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/33570
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherUiT The Arctic University of Norwayen_US
dc.publisherUiT Norges arktiske universiteten_US
dc.relation.haspart<p>Paper I: Edvardsen, M.S., Hindberg, K., Hansen, E.S., Morelli, V.M., Ueland, T., Aukrust, P., Brækkan, S.K., Evensen, L.H. & Hansen, J.B. (2021). Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor and future risk of incident venous thromboembolism. <i>Blood Advances, 5</i>(1), 224-232. Also available in Munin at <a href=https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22769>https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22769</a>. <p>Paper II: Edvardsen, M.S., Hansen, E.S., Ueland, T., Aukrust, P., Brækkan, S.K., Morelli, V.M. & Hansen, J.B. (2023). Impact of the von Willebrand factor-ADAMTS-13 axis on the risk of future venous thromboembolism. <i>Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 21</i>(5), 1227-1237. Also available at <a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2023.01.024>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2023.01.024</a>. <p>Paper III: Edvardsen, M.S., Hansen, E.S., Hindberg, K., Morelli, V.M., Ueland, T., Aukrust, P., Brækkan, S.K., Evensen, L.H. & Hansen, J.B. (2021). Combined effects of plasma von Willebrand factor and platelet measures on the risk of incident venous thromboembolism. <i>Blood, 138</i>(22), 2269-2277. Also available at <a href=https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011494>https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011494</a>. Accepted manuscript version available in Munin at <a href=https://hdl.handle.net/10037/24025>https://hdl.handle.net/10037/24025</a>. <p>Paper IV: Hansen, E.S., Edvardsen, M.S., Aukrust, P., Ueland, T., Hansen, J.B., Brækkan, S.K. & Morelli, V.M. (In press). Combined effect of high factor VIII levels and high mean platelet volume on the risk of future incident venous thromboembolism. Now published in <i>Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2023, 21</i>(10), 2844-2853, available at <a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2023.06.022>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2023.06.022</a>. Accepted manuscript version available in Munin at <a href=https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32693>https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32693</a>.en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2024 The Author(s)
dc.subject.courseIDDOKTOR-003
dc.subjectVenous thromboembolismen_US
dc.subjectVenous thrombosisen_US
dc.subjectEpidemiologyen_US
dc.subjectVon Willebrand factoren_US
dc.subjectRisk factoren_US
dc.titlePlasma von Willebrand factor and risk of future venous thromboembolismen_US
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen_US
dc.typeDoktorgradsavhandlingen_US


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