Institutt for medisinsk biologi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 341-360 of 1154
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Alternative vanHAX promoters and increased vanA-plasmid copy number resurrect silenced glycopeptide resistance in Enterococcus faecium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-26)<i>Background</i> - Vancomycin variable enterococci (VVE) are <i>van</i>-positive isolates with a susceptible phenotype that can convert to a resistant phenotype during vancomycin selection.<p> <p><i>Objectives</i> - To describe a vancomycin-susceptible <i>vanA</i>-PCR positive ST203 VVE <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> isolate (VVE<i>Swe</i>-S) from a liver transplantation patient in Sweden which ... -
Molecular Interactions Stabilizing the Promatrix Metalloprotease-9·Serglycin Heteromer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-12)Previous studies have shown that THP-1 cells produced an SDS-stable and reduction-sensitive complex between proMMP-9 and a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) core protein. The complex could be reconstituted in vitro using purified serglycin (SG) and proMMP-9 and contained no inter-disulfide bridges. It was suggested that the complex involved both the FnII module and HPX domain of proMMP-9. The ... -
Shotgun-Metagenomics on Positive Blood Culture Bottles Inoculated With Prosthetic Joint Tissue: A Proof of Concept Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-17)Clinical metagenomics is actively moving from research to clinical laboratories. It has the potential to change the microbial diagnosis of infectious diseases, especially when detection and identification of pathogens can be challenging, such as in prosthetic joint infection (PJI). The application of metagenomic sequencing to periprosthetic joint tissue (PJT) specimens is often challenged by low ... -
Regulation of Expression of Autophagy Genes by Atg8a-Interacting Partners Sequoia, YL-1, and Sir2 in Drosophila
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-26)Autophagy is the degradation of cytoplasmic material through the lysosomal pathway. One of the most studied autophagy-related proteins is LC3. Despite growing evidence that LC3 is enriched in the nucleus, its nuclear role is poorly understood. Here, we show that <i>Drosophila</i> Atg8a protein, homologous to mammalian LC3, interacts with the transcription factor Sequoia in a LIR motif-dependent ... -
Structural Analysis of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) Viral Capsid Protein (VP1) in HIV-1 Infected Individuals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-27)Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) viral protein 1 (VP1) is the capsid protein that mediates virus attachment to host cell receptors and is the major immune target. Given the limited data on MCPyV VP1 mutations, the VP1 genetic variability was examined in 100 plasma and 100 urine samples from 100 HIV+ individuals. Sequencing of VP1 DNA in 17 urine and 17 plasma specimens, simultaneously MCPyV DNA ... -
Resistance to ventricular fibrillation predicted by the QRS/QTc - ratio in an intact rat model of hypothermia/rewarming
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-04)Accidental hypothermia is associated with increased risk for arrhythmias. QRS/QTc is proposed as an ECG-marker, where decreasing values predict hypothermia-induced ventricular arrhythmias. If reliable it should also predict nonappearance of arrhythmias, observed in species like rat that regularly tolerate prolonged hypothermia.<p> <p>A rat model designed for studying cardiovascular function during ... -
Strategies to develop a prophylaxis for the prevention of HPA-1a immunization and fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-31)Anti-HPA-1a-antibodies are the main cause of fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) which may result in intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and death among fetuses and newborns. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of FNAIT and proof of concept for prophylaxis to prevent immunization suggest that development of hyperimmune anti-HPA-1a IgG aimed at preventing immunization against ... -
Antibiotic sensitivity screening of Klebsiella spp. and Raoultella spp. isolated from marine bivalve molluscs reveal presence of CTX-M-producing K. pneumoniae
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-30)<i>Klebsiella</i> spp. are a major cause of both nosocomial and community acquired infections, with <i>K. pneumoniae</i> being responsible for most human infections. Although <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. are present in a variety of environments, their distribution in the sea and the associated antibiotic resistance is largely unknown. In order to examine prevalence of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and related ... -
Modulation of Plasma Membrane Composition and Microdomain Organization Impairs Heat Shock Protein Expression in B16-F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-12)The heat shock response (HSR) regulates induction of stress/heat shock proteins (HSPs) to preserve proteostasis during cellular stress. Earlier, our group established that the plasma membrane (PM) acts as a sensor and regulator of HSR through changes in its microdomain organization. PM microdomains such as lipid rafts, dynamic nanoscale assemblies enriched in cholesterol and sphingomyelin, and ... -
Merkel cell polyomavirus and non-Merkel cell carcinomas: Guilty or circumstantial evidence?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-28)Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is the major causative factor of the rare but aggressive cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Two characteristics of MCPyV‐positive MCCs are integration of the viral genome and expression of a truncated version of one of its oncogenic proteins, namely large T antigen. The strong association of MCPyV with MCC development has incited researchers to further investigate ... -
Autoimmunity and SLE: Factual and Semantic Evidence-Based Critical Analyses of Definitions, Etiology, and Pathogenesis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-06)One cannot discuss anti-dsDNA antibodies and lupus nephritis without discussing the nature of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is insistently described as a prototype autoimmune syndrome, with anti-dsDNA antibodies as a central biomarker and a pathogenic factor. The two entities, “SLE” and “The Anti-dsDNA Antibody,” have been linked in previous and contemporary studies although serious criticism ... -
Evaluation Challenges in the validation of B7-H3 as oral tongue cancer prognosticator
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-21)B7-H3 was the only molecule identified with prognostic potential from a recent systematic review of the prognostic value of immune checkpoints in oral cancer. We aimed to validate this finding in a multicenter international cohort. We retrospectively retrieved 323 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) samples from three different countries (Brazil, Finland, and Norway) for immunostaining and ... -
ATAD3 proteins in autophagy. Do ATAD3 proteins have a direct role in regulating autophagy
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-22)ATPase Family AAA Domain -containing protein 3 (ATAD3) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial transmembrane protein encompassing three isoforms; ATAD3A, ATAD3B and ATAD3C. ATAD3 is involved in several cellular process and available data predict that ATAD3A and ATAD3B proteins may have potential roles in regulating autophagy and mitophagy. Preliminary data from our research group identified interactions ... -
A study of TRIM32 self-ubiquitination
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-15)TRIMs (tripartite motif proteins) constitute a family of ubiquitin E3 ligases that are involved in a variety of cellular processes including autophagy and carcinogenesis. TRIM32 contains an N-terminal RING finger domain, B-box region, a coiled-coil domain and six NHL repeats in the C-terminal region, which are involved in protein dimerization and substrate recognitions. Various mutations in the NHL ... -
Exploration of rabbit integrin β3 as a possible immune-tolerizing agent to prevent foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-08-07)Foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a disease caused by the production of antibodies by the mother to the platelets of the foetus. The alloimmune response is caused by a P33L substitution in the Human Platelet Antigen-1a (HPA-1a) in a homo- or heterozygous HPA-1a foetus, in a homozygous HPA-1b+ mother. Maternal antibodies are produced by activated HPA-1a specific T-cells able ... -
Transcriptome and proteome profiling reveal complementary scavenger and immune features of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and liver macrophages
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-27)<i>Background</i> - Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs; liver resident macrophages) form the body’s most effective scavenger cell system for the removal of harmful blood-borne substances, ranging from modified self-proteins to pathogens and xenobiotics. Controversies in the literature regarding the LSEC phenotype pose a challenge when determining distinct functionalities ... -
Arbeidsmiljø og helse i fiskeflåten - utfordringer og helsefremmende faktorer
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2018-03)Fiskere kan være eksponert for en rekke ugunstige arbeidsforhold og har høyere risiko for å bli utsatt for skader enn andre yrkesgrupper. Rapporten oppsummerer funn fra prosjektet "Working environment and health in the Norwegian fishing fleet – challenges and health promoting factors" hvor målet har vært å se på samspillet mellom arbeidsmiljø og helse for å bidra med ny kunnskap om både negative og ... -
Comparison of microbiomes in ulcerative and normal mucosa of recurrent aphthous stomatitis(RAS)-affected patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-29)<i>Background</i> - Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common form of oral ulcerative disease, whose cause is still unknown. Researchers have found the association of many factors with the occurrence of RAS, and proposed oral bacterial infection could be a cause for this disease.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - To investigate whether the occurrence of RAS is associated with oral bacterial ... -
NORM/NORM-VET 2016 - Usage of Antimicrobial Agents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2017)Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem worldwide. It reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment of infectious diseases in humans and animals thereby leading to increased morbidity and mortality, as well as higher costs. It is well established that there is a strong association between the usage of antimicrobial agents and the occurrence of resistance, The selective pressure exerted ... -
Tumor budding score predicts lymph node status in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and should be included in the pathology report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-25)<i>Background</i> - The majority of oral cavity cancers arise in the oral tongue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor budding in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, both as a separate variable and in combination with depth of invasion. We also assessed the prognostic impact of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s TNM classification (TNM8), where ...