Institutt for medisinsk biologi: Recent submissions

Now showing items 941-960 of 1198

    • Development of an assay for determining PDE5 enzyme activity and for screening of potential inhibitors of the PDE5 enzyme in cancer cells 

      Granaas, Magnus Løkke (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-15)
      PDE5 is a member of the superfamily of phosphodiesterases, and it is identified as the main mechanism for breakdown of cGMP in mammals. Sildenafil is a well-known inhibitor of the PDE5 enzyme and it is also shown that sildenafil inhibits the ABCC5 transporter pump. ABCC5 is a member of the superfamily of ABC-transporters, and identified as an important transporter for mediating the cellular efflux ...

    • Partial characterization of predicted ABCC5 inhibitors by the aid of human erythrocyte inside-out vesicles 

      Ørvoll, Elin (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-06-24)
      ABCC5 is a member of the superfamily of ABC-transporters, and it has been identified as an efflux transporter of cGMP. This transporter is also involved in export of antibiotic and cytostatic drugs from target cells, and as such represents a challenge in treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. In order to find inhibitors to ABCC5 mediated drug efflux, compounds predicted as potent inhibitors ...

    • HPV mRNA testing in triage of women with ASC-US cytology may reduce the time for CIN2+ diagnosis compared with repeat cytology. 

      Sørbye, Sveinung Wergeland; Fismen, Silje; Gutteberg, Tore Jarl; Mortensen, Elin Synnøve; Skjeldestad, Finn Egil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Background: In delayed HPV triage women with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (ASC-US) cytology are retested after 6-12 months in order to decide whether they should be referred for colposcopy, further follow-up cytology or routine screening in three years. Triage using a specific HPV E6/E7 mRNA test may reduce referrals for colposcopy of women with ASC-US cytology compared to HPV ...

    • Symptoms of respiratory tract infection and associated care-seeking in subjects with and without obstructive lung disease; The Tromso Study: Tromso 6. 

      Melbye, Hasse; Joensen, Lisa; Risør, Mette Bech; Halvorsen, Peder Andreas (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) may be more severe in those with asthma or COPD and these patients are more frequently in need of health care. The aim of the study was to describe the frequency of RTI symptoms in a general adult population and how care-seeking is associated with the presence of obstructive lung disease. Cross-sectional data including spirometry and self-reported chronic diseases ...

    • Cohort profile: The Tromsø Study 

      Jacobsen, Bjarne Koster; Eggen, Anne Elise; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Wilsgaard, Tom; Njølstad, Inger (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The Tromsø Study was initiated in 1974 in an attempt to help combat the high mortality of cardiovascular diseases in Norway, that was particularly pronounced among middle-aged men. In the mid-1970s, Norwegian men had a 20% risk of dying of myocardial infarction (MI) before the age of 75 years. The situation in Northern Norway was even worse.1 The primary aim of the Tromsø Study was to determine ...

    • Prognostic impact of Skp2, ER and PGR in male and female patients with soft tissue sarcomas 

      Sørbye, Sveinung Wergeland; Kilvær, Thomas Karsten; Valkov, Andrey Yurjevich; Dønnem, Tom; Smeland, Eivind; Al-Shabli, Khalid; Bremnes, Roy M.; Busund, Lill-Tove (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      BACKGROUND: S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) is a member of mammalian F-box proteins. The purpose of this study is to clarify the prognostic significance of expression of Skp2 related to gender, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PGR) in soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Optimized treatment of STS requires better identification of high-risk patients who will benefit from adjuvant ...

    • Registration rate in the Norwegian Cruciate Ligament Register Large-volume hospitals perform better 

      Ytterstad, Karianne; Granan, Lars-Petter; Ytterstad, Børge; Steindal, Kjersti; Fjeldsgaard, Knut; Furnes, Ove; Engebretsen, Lars (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Background and purpose: The Norwegian Cruciate Ligament Register (NCLR) was founded in 2004. The purpose of the NCLR is to provide representative and reliable data for future research. In this study we evaluated the development of the registration rate in the NCLR. Methods: The Norwegian Patient Register (NPR) and the electronic patient charts (EPCs) were used as reference data for public and ...

    • High expression of CD20+ lymphocytes in soft tissue sarcomas is a positive prognostic indicator 

      Sørbye, Sveinung Wergeland; Kilvær, Thomas Karsten; Valkov, Andrey Yurjevich; Dønnem, Tom; Smeland, Eivind; Al-Shibli, Khalid Ibrahim; Bremnes, Roy M.; Busund, Lill-Tove (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2012)
      The immune status is important in cancer patients. Tissue microarrays from 249 patients with soft tissue sarcomas were constructed. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ and CD45+ lymphocytes in tumors. High density of CD20+ lymphocytes is an independent positive prognostic indicator for these patients.

    • Clinical Gaze in Risk-Factor Haze: Swedish GPs' Perceptions of Prescribing Cardiovascular Preventive Drugs 

      Hultberg, Josabeth; Rudebeck, Carl Edvard (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      To explore general practitioners’ (GPs’) descriptions of their thoughts and action when prescribing cardiovascular preventive drugs. Methods. Qualitative content analysis of transcribed group interviews with 14 participants from two primary health care centres in the southeast of Sweden. Results. GPs’ prescribing of cardiovascular preventive drugs, from their own descriptions, involved “the patient ...

    • The benefit of a mechanical needle stimulation pad in patients with chronic neck and lower back pain: two randomized controlled pilot studies 

      Hohmann, Claudia; Ullrich, Isabella; Lauche, Romy; Choi, Kyung-Eun; Lüdtke, Rainer; Rolke, Rainer; Cramer, Holger; Saha, Felix Joyonto; Rampp, Thomas; Michalsen, Andreas; Langhorst, Jost; Dobos, Gustav J.; Musial, Frauke (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The objective was to investigate whether a treatment with a needle stimulation pad (NSP) changes perceived pain and/or sensory thresholds in patients with chronic neck (NP) and lower back pain (BP). Methods. 40 patients with chronic NP and 42 patients with chronic BP were equally randomized to either treatment or waiting list control group. The treatment group selfadministered a NSP over a period ...

    • Social Inequalities and Mortality in Europe - Results from a Large Multi-National Cohort 

      Gallo, Valentina; Mackenbach, Johan P.; Ezzati, Majid; Menvielle, Gwenn; Kunst, Anton E.; Rohrmann, Sabine; Kaaks, Rudolf; Teucher, Birgit; Boeing, Heiner; Bergmann, Manuela M.; Tjønneland, Anne; Dalton, Susanne O.; Overvad, Kim; Redondo, Maria Luisa; Agudo, Antonio; Daponte, Antonio; Arriola, Larraitz; Navarro, Camen; Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nick; Key, Tim; Naska, Androniki; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Masala, Giovanna; Panico, Salvatore; Contiero, Paolo; Tumino, Rosario; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Siersema, Peter D.; Peeters, Petra P. H.; Zackrisson, Sophia; Almquist, Martin; Eriksson, Sture; Hallmans, Göran; Skeie, Guri; Braaten, Tonje; Lund, Eiliv; Illner, Anne-Kathrin; Mouw, Traci; Riboli, Elio; Vineis, Paolo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Socio-economic inequalities in mortality are observed at the country level in both North America and Europe. The purpose of this work is to investigate the contribution of specific risk factors to social inequalities in cause-specific mortality using a large multi-country cohort of Europeans. A total of 3,456,689 person/years follow-up of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and ...

    • Silencing of Renal DNaseI in Murine Lupus Nephritis Imposes Exposure of Large Chromatin Fragments and Activation of Toll Like Receptors and the Clec4e 

      Thiyagarajan, Dhivya; Fismen, Silje; Seredkina, Natalya; Jacobsen, Søren; Elung-Jensen, Thomas; Kamper, Anne-Lise; Fenton, Christopher Graham; Rekvig, Ole Petter; Mortensen, Elin Synnøve (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Recent studies demonstrate that transformation of mild lupus nephritis into end-stage disease is imposed by silencing of renal DNaseI gene expression in (NZBxNZW)F1 mice. Down-regulation of DNaseI results in reduced chromatin fragmentation, and in deposition of extracellular chromatin-IgG complexes in glomerular basement membranes in individuals that produce IgG anti-chromatin antibodies. The main ...

    • Sources of pre-analytical variations in yield of DNA extracted from blood samples: analysis of 50,000 DNA samples in EPIC 

      Caboux, Elodie; Lallemand, Christophe; Ferro, Gilles; Hemon, Bertrand; Mendy, Maimuna; Biessy, Carine; Sims, Matt; Wareham, Nicholas; Britten, Abigail; Boland, Anne; Hutchinson, Amy; Siddiq, Afshan; Vineis, Paolo; Riboli, Elio; Romieu, Isabelle; Rinaldi, Sabina; Gunter, Mark J.; Peeters, Petra H.M.; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Travis, Ruth C.; Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas; Canzian, Federico; Sanchez, Maria-José; Skeie, Guri; Olsen, Karina Standahl; Lund, Eiliv; Bilbao, Roberto; Sala, Núria; Barricarte, Aurelio; Palli, Domenico; Navarro, Carmen; Panico, Salvatore; Redondo, Maria Luisa; Polidoro, Silvia; Dossus, Laure; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Lagiou, Pagona; Boeing, Heiner; Fisher, Eva; Tumino, Rosario; Agnoli, Claudia; Hainaut, Pierre (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC) is a long-term, multi-centric prospective study in Europe investigating the relationships between cancer and nutrition. This study has served as a basis for a number of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and other types of genetic analyses. Over a period of 5 years, 52,256 EPIC DNA samples have been extracted using an automated ...

    • Birth Weight, Breast Cancer and the Potential Mediating Hormonal Environment 

      Bukowski, Radek; Chlebowski, Rowan; Thune, Inger; Furberg, Anne-Sofie; Hankins, Gary; Malone, Fergal; D'Alton, Mary (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Previous studies have shown that woman’s risk of breast cancer in later life is associated with her infants birth weights. The objective of this study was to determine if this association is independent of breast cancer risk factors, mother’s own birth weight and to evaluate association between infants birth weight and hormonal environment during pregnancy. Independent association would have ...

    • Clinical influences on antibiotic prescribing decisions for lower respiratory tract infection: a nine country qualitative study of variation in care. 

      Brookes-Howell, Lucy; Hood, Kerenza; Cooper, Lucy; Coenen, Samuel; Little, Paul; Verheij, Theo; Godycki-Cwirko, Maciek; Melbye, Hasse; Krawzyk, Jarek; Borras-Santos, A; Jakobsen, Kristin Alise; Worby, P; Goossens, Herman; Butler, Christopher C. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      There is variation in antibiotic prescribing for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in primary care that does not benefit patients. This study aims to investigate clinicians' accounts of clinical influences on antibiotic prescribing decisions for LRTI to better understand variation and identify opportunities for improvement. Multi country qualitative interview study. Semi-structured interviews ...

    • Understanding variation in primary medical care: a nine-country qualitative study of clinicians' accounts of the non-clinical factors that shape antibiotic prescribing decisions for lower respiratory tract infection. 

      Brookes-Howell, Lucy; Hood, Kerenza; Cooper, Lucy; Little, Paul; Verheij, Theo; Coenen, Samuel; Godycki-Cwirko, Maciek; Melbye, Hasse; Borras-Santos, A; Worby, P; Jakobsen, Kristin Alise; Goossens, Herman; Butler, Christopher C. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      There is a wide variation between European countries in antibiotic prescribing for patients in primary care with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) that is not explained by case mix and clinical factors alone. Variation in antibiotic prescribing that is not warranted by differences in illness and clinical presentation may increase selection of resistant organisms, contributing to the problem ...

    • Multiple miscarriages are associated with the risk of ovarian cancer: results from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition 

      Braem, Marieke G.M.; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte; Schouten, Leo J; Kruitwagen, Roy F.P.M.; Lukanova, Annekatrin; Allen, Naomi E.; Wark, Petra A.; Tjønneland, Anne; Hansen, Louise; Braüner, Christina Marie; Overvad, Kim; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie; Teucher, Birgit; Floegel, Anna; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Adarakis, George; Plada, Maria; Rinaldi, Sabina; Fedirko, Veronika; Romieu, Isabelle; Pala, Valeria; Galasso, Rocco; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Palli, Domenico; Tumino, Rosario; Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas; Gram, Inger Torhild; Gavrilyuk, Oxana; Lund, Eiliv; Sanchez, Maria-José; Bonet, Catalina; Chirlaque, María Dolores; Larranaga, Nerea; Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte; Quirós, José R.; Idahl, Annika; Ohlson, Nina; Lundin, Eva; Jirström, Karin; Butt, Salma; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nick; Riboli, Elio; Kaaks, Rudolf; Peeters, Petra H.M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      While the risk of ovarian cancer clearly reduces with each full-term pregnancy, the effect of incomplete pregnancies is unclear. We investigated whether incomplete pregnancies (miscarriages and induced abortions) are associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. This observational study was carried out in female participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ...

    • Retinal Vessel Width Measurement at Branchings Using an Improved Electric Field Theory-Based Graph Approach 

      Xu, Xiayu; Reinhardt, Joseph M.; Hu, Qiao; Bakall, Benjamin; Tlucek, Paul S.; Bertelsen, Geir; Abràmoff, Michael D. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The retinal vessel width relationship at vessel branch points in fundus images is an important biomarker of retinal and systemic disease. We propose a fully automatic method to measure the vessel widths at branch points in fundus images. The method is a graph-based method, in which a graph construction method based on electric field theory is applied which specifically deals with complex branching ...

    • DOR/Tp53inp2 and Tp53inp1 Constitute a Metazoan Gene Family Encoding Dual Regulators of Autophagy and Transcription 

      Sancho, Ana; Duran, Jordi; Garcia-Espana, Antonio; Mauvezin, Caroline; Alemu, Endalkachew Ashenafi; Lamark, Trond; Macias, Maria J.; DeSalle, Rob; Royo, Miriam; Sala, David; Chicote, Javier U.; Palacin, Manuel; Johansen, Terje; Zorzano, Antonio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Human DOR/TP53INP2 displays a unique bifunctional role as a modulator of autophagy and gene transcription. However, the domains or regions of DOR that participate in those functions have not been identified. Here we have performed structure/function analyses of DOR guided by identification of conserved regions in the DOR gene family by phylogenetic reconstructions. We show that DOR is present in ...

    • Serum apolipoproteins in relation to intakes of fish in population of Arkhangelsk County 

      Petrenya, Natalia Nikolaevna; Brustad, Magritt; Cooper, Marie; Dobrodeeva, Lilya; Bichkaeva, Fatima; Lutfalieva, Gulnara; Odland, Jon Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids and low in saturated fat were found beneficially associated with blood lipids and cardio-vascular health. Lean reindeer meet and local cold water white-fish species high in omega-3 are among the main sources of nutrients in the rural area of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO) in Russia and are not normally consumed by the urban population from the same region. The ...